Mass spectrometry with gas chromatography

Diethyl sulphate and dimethyl sulphate Lab method using Tenax sorbent tube, thermal desorption and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry 89... 

Test methods that analyze individual compounds (e.g., benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene-xylene mixtures and PAHs) are generally applied to detect the presence of an additive or to provide concentration data needed to estimate environmental and health risks that are associated with individual compounds. Common constituent measurement techniques include gas chromatography with second-column confirmation, gas chromatography with multiple selective detectors, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS) (EPA 8240). 

Baracco, A. et al., A comparison of the combination of fast-atom bombardment with tandem mass spectrometry and of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in the analysis of a mixture of kaempferol, kaempferide, luteolin and oleouropein, Rapid Gommun. Mass Spectrom., 9, 427,... 

Excellent separation of sulfonamides can be achieved on conventional or fused silica capillary columns, the preferred type been the DB-5 capillary column. Following separation, electron-capture detector (254, 271) can be used for the determination of these drugs with good sensitivity and specificity. To confirm the presence of sulfonamides residues in edible animal products, mass spectrometric detectors are also frequently employed. Typical examples of such applications are those coupling gas chromatography with mass spectrometry via a chemical ionization (224, 254, 271) or electron impact (223, 256, 261) interface. 

Despite its inherent analytical difficulties, gas chromatography on capillary columns in combination with sensitive and specific mass spectrometry has been widely used for separation of these analytes. Typical examples of such applications are those interfacing gas chromatography with mass spectrometry via electron impact (470, 484, 480, 489), chemical ionization (481, 478, 483, 473), or both interfaces (474, 475, 487, 488). Apart from mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry has also been suggested as an alternative very useful identification tool in the area of the -agonist analysis. Capillary gas chromatography with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was successfully employed to monitor clenbuterol, mabuterol, and salbutamol residues in bovine liver and urine (471). 

The majority of the many methods used to study the composition of equilibrium solutions of carbohydrates examine the mixture without separating the individual components. With the discovery that the anomeric forms of sugars could be readily separated by gas chromatography of their tri-methylsilyl ethers, a new approach to the problem was found. A protocol was developed for the direct gas chromatographic analysis of the amount of each anomer present in an aqueous solution. The protocol can be used on the micro scale and can be used in enzyme assays such as that for mutarotase. The method has been made more effective by combining gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. It is shown how mass spectral intensity ratios can be used to discriminate anomers one from another. The application of these methods to the study of complex mutarotations is discussed. 

Abbot combined gas chromatography with mass spectrometry [317]. Skladal et al. [319] used amperometric biosensors based on acetyl or bu-tyrylcholinesterase for the kinetic determination of organophosphorus insecticides in soil extracts. 

HO) Kaiser, R. Problems of coupling of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in the level of low concentrations. Z. Anal. Chem. 252, 119 (1970). 

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry The combination of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry see also Tandem technique). 

The relatively recent work combining isotopic and structural information (pyrolysis gas chromatography with mass spectrometry) has revealed several biopolymers that appear to be selectively preserved in soils (Kracht and Gleixner, 2000). Working in a Spagnum moss bog, Kracht and Gleixner (2000) found that the relative amount of several plant biopolymers increased with increasing depth in the bog, while the of the... 

The marriage of capiUaiy gas chromatography with mass spectrometry provides an extremely powerful analytical tool. Capillary GC, with thousands of theoretical plates, can resolve hundreds of molecules into separate peaks, and mass spectrometry can provide identification. Even if a peak contains two or more compounds, identifying peaks can still provide positive identification, especially when combined with retention data. 

An experimental study has been carried out with peat samples from the forest area of Brunei Darussalam. We should note here that the measurement of emission products requires comprehensive analytical equipment. Hydrocarbons (C1-C4) are determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID), CO2 and O2 are analyzed by gas chromatography with thermal conductivity detection (GC/TCD), and CO, by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD). Aldehydes and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 

Grob, K. and J.A. Vollmin Analyse der Semi-VolatUes aus Cigarettenrauch mit HUfe einer Kombination von hochauflosender Gaschromatographie und Massenspektrometrie [The determination of semivolatiles in cigarette smoke by the combination of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry] Beitr. Tabakforsch. 5 (1969) 52-57. 

Angeles, CA (1988) Separation and quantitation of pheno-hc compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke by capiUary gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in the select- 2691. 

For the determination of extractable substances chromatographic methods are becoming ever more important, particularly gas chromatography or gas chromatography with mass spectrometry [14]. 

It is possible to add on another technique to analyse the components once they are separated out from a mixture using GC. GC-MS combines gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (MS). The previously unknown organic components of a mixture are separated... 

Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (a) Detection of the presence of cocaine metabolites (breakdown products) in hair (b) Identification of strychnine in blood. 

Interfaces for Coupling Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry... 

Figure 8 Constructed based on data reported in Desage M, Guillury R, Brazier JL, et al. (1991) Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry or isotope-ratio mass spectrometry in studying the geographical origin of heroin. Analytica Chimica Acta 247 249-254.

Reaction products were filtered by a 2-pm sintered ceramic element and sent to a Hewlett-Packard 6890 Gas Chromatograph (GC) with a thermal-conductivity detector (TCD). Combining gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (MS) allowed qualitative determination of several unknown product species. A Fimugan Mat 95 instrument was employed for the GC-MS product analysis. Nitrogen was the calibration gas for mass balances since it was an inert diluent in all experiments. The carbon and hydrogen balances typically closed to within 5%. The product selectivities were calculated on a carbon-atom basis. Carbon-atom selectivities are calculated as the ratio of the moles of a specific product to the total moles of all prrxlucts, scaled by the number of carbon atoms in the species. All data were reproduced on several catalysts with results consistent with those shown. 

For most volatile or gaseous species more selectivity may be achieved by combining mass spectrometry with gas chromatography. This is applicable to some nonionic surfactants [1] and derivatives of anionics [2]. The combination of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is well established, and relatively cheap dedicated instruments are available for this application. 

---