Brunei Darussalam

Tan Leng, 1992. A History of Chinese Settlement in Brunei , in Essays on Modem Brunei History. Department of History, Universiti Brunei Darussalam,... 

From Myanmar via Thailand to Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam as final destinations. 

From the Philippines to the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Taiwan province of China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the USA (including Guam), Canada and Spain (small quantities). 

Asia East and South-East Asia Brunei Darussalam 361.9 2005 ... 

Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. 

Malaysia occupies a central position within southeast Asia and includes two land-masses separated by the South China Sea. Peninsular Malaysia, comprising 11 states, forms the southern tip of the Asian mainland, bordered by Thailand to the north and the islcmd of Singapore to the south. The states of Sabah and Sarawak are located cdong the northern fringe of the island of Kalimantan, bordered by Indonesia, and in the northeastern state of Sarawak, by Brunei Darussalam. The total area of the country is 329,758 square kilometers of which peninsular Malaysia is 131,598 square kilometers, Sarawak 124,449 square kilometers and Sabah 73,711 square kilometers. The population of Malaysia in 1997 was estimated to be... 

In Brunei Darussalam, measurements taken during the dry weather period from February to April 1998 showed that the Pollution Standard Index (PSI) readings exceeded 100, which is already unhealthy, and sometimes went as high as 250. 

An experimental study has been carried out with peat samples from the forest area of Brunei Darussalam. We should note here that the measurement of emission products requires comprehensive analytical equipment. Hydrocarbons (C1-C4) are determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID), CO2 and O2 are analyzed by gas chromatography with thermal conductivity detection (GC/TCD), and CO, by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD). Aldehydes and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 

Figure 5. pH of rainwater samples collected in Brunei Darussalam during episodes of biomass fires and haze in 1994, 1997, and 1998. Line is VWM pH of228 rainwater samples collected in the absence of biomass fires and haze (Radojevic and Tan, 2000). 

Here we will consider the appearance of synergetic effects of acid rain and haze in some places of Southeast Asia. The example will be shown from a case study in Brunei Darussalam (Radojevic and Tan, 2000). 

Muraleedharan T. R., Radoejeic M., Waugh A. and Caruana A., 2000a. Chemical characterization of the haze in Brunei Darussalam during the 1998 episode. Atmospheric Environment, 34, 2725-2731. 

Radoejvic M. and Tan K. S., 2000. Impacts of biomass burning and regional haze on the pH of rainwater in Brunei Darussalam. Atmospheric Environment, 34, 2739-2744. 

Large and bulky waste items, such as abandoned motorcars, furniture and packing residues are found in the higher-income economy countries (Japan, Brunei Darussalam, South Korea, and Singapore), on the contrary with low-income countries, where such type of wastes are not generally found. 

Huge amounts of petroleum waste are produced annually in some countries of the region, like Brunei Darussalam, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan and South Korea. Two latter countries and Taiwan produce significant quantities of radioactive waste. 

Goh K. 1. andVoonO. L., 1996. Brunei Darussalam country report. In Proceedings ofthe ASEAN Network on Environmental Monitoring (ASNEM) on the 3rd Workshop on Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis with Emphasis on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Environmental Research and Training Center (ERTC), Pathumthani, Thailand, 143-152. 

Muttamara S. and Sales C., 2000. A study on disinfection of filtered water using ozone and hydrogen peroxide. In Abstract of Sixth Eurasian Congress on Chemical Sciences, Brunei Darussalam, 17. 

Peart M. R., 1995. The occurrence of acid rain in Hong Kong. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Climate and Life in the Asia Pacific, University of Brunei Darussalam, 10-13 April 1995, edited by SirinandaK. U., 10-19. 

Radojevic M. and Lim L. H., 1995a. A rain acidity study in Brunei Darussalam. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 85 2369—2374. 

Radojevic M., Lim L. B. B., Ling V. O. and Lim L. H., 1997. A report on the studies of rain acidity and the concentration of selected ions in Negara Brunei Darussalam, paper presented at the 4th ASEAN Workshop on Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis with Emphasis on Acid Deposition, Technopolis, Pathumthani, Thailand, 25 Febraary-4 March 1997. 

Taylor, F.J.R. and Fukuyo, Y. Morphological features of the motile cell of Pyrodinium bahamense, in WorldPish Center conference proceedings, Hallegraeff, G.M. and Maclean, l.L. WorldFish Center, Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Darussalam), May 23-30, 1989. 

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