Flammable liquids handling requirements

Ethanol/Water This is an aqueous solution of denatured grain alcohol. Its main advantage is that it is nontoxic. Therefore, it has found application in breweries, wineries, chemical plants, food freezing plants, and ground source heat pumps. As a flammable liquid, it requires certain precautions for handling and storage. 

Eor health care facilities see NEPA 99. Clean rooms require superior static control measures where flammable liquids are handled. Smoke may be... 

DMC is classified as a flammable liquid, smells like methanol, and does not have irritating or mutagenic effects, either by contact or inhalation. Therefore, it can be handled safely without the special precautions required for the poisonous and mutagenic methyl halides and DMS, and extremely toxic phosgene. Some physicochemical properties of DMC are listed in Table 4.2. 

Properties and handling. IPA is/a colorless, flammable liquid with that characteristic, rubbing alcohol odor. Ifs soluble in water in all proportions, as well as most organic solvents. It is commercially available in technical grade (91%), chemical (98%), and absolute (99 %). Shipments by rail, truck, drum, etc., are routine, except that the flammability requires hazardous materials warnings. 

Manufacturers of benzene are required by federal law to publish Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) that describe in detail the procedures for its safe handling. Benzene is classified as a flammable liquid and should be stored away from any potential source of ignition. Fire and explosion hazard data for benzene are shown (91). 

A California statue requiring hazardous materials management was passed in 1985 (24), but guidance for compliance for industries covered by the act was not issued until 1988 (25). A revised standard, which became effective in January of 1994 (26), applies to facilities handling any of 128 toxic materials flammable liquids and gases in quantities of 10,000 lb (4.541) or more, except where used as fuel or in atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature tanks and explosives. 

Pseudocumene is shipped in barges, tank cars, tank trucks, isocontainers, and drums. Mesitylene is shipped in tank trucks, isocontainers, and drums, whereas durene is shipped molten in heated tank trucks, isocontainers, and occasionally as a cast solid in drums. Mesitylene, pseudocumene, and hemimellitene are classified as flammable liquids the higher homologues are classified as combustible. The higher melting PMBs require additional precautions when handled in the molten state to avoid thermal bums. Detailed shipping and handling procedures are described in manufacturers material safety data sheets (MSDS). 

According to DOT and ERA statistics, flammable liquids are involved in over 52% of all hazardons materials incidents. This should not be surprising since flammable liqnids are nsed as motor fuels for highway vehicles, railroad locomotives, marine vessels, and aircraft. Additionally, many flammable liquids are used to heat homes and businesses. Effective handling of flammable liquids at an incident scene requires that emergency responders have a basic understanding of the physical characteristics of flammable liquids. 

CFR1926.21(b)(5) 4.6.3 Employees required to handle or use flammable liquids, gases, or toxic materials shall be instmcted in the safe handling and use of these materials and made aware of the specific requirements contained in Subparts D, F, and other applicable subparts of 29CFR1926. 

Section 4.5 consolidates the requirements for the training of constmction woikers who handle harmful substances such as poisons, caustics, flammable liquids and gases, and other toxic substances. This section also covers the training of employees required to enter enclosed or confined spaces. 

Enclosed or indoor processes Enclosure implies an increase of the hazard potential. For example dust filters inside an enclosed area, penalty of 0.50 processes in which flammable liquids are handled above their flash point, penalty 0.30 and if more than 3.79 m are involved a penalty of 0.45 processes in which LPG or any flammable liquid are handled above their boiling point within an enclosed area require a penalty of 0.6, which is increased to... 

There are no specific training requirements in 1926.152 — Flammable liquids. However, once again, 1926.21(b)(5) says that you must instruct all employees required to handle or use flammable... 

Category 4 includes liquids having flashpoints above 140°F (60°C) and at or below 199.4°F (93°C). When a Category 4 flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30°F (16.7°C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100°F (37. 8 0. 

Safety Cans. Where practical, safety cans should be used for the dispensing of all flammable and combustible liquids handled in containers. Safety cans should be filled in dispensing rooms and transported to point of use. Safety cans are available in plastic stainless steel and even glass lined stainless steel where high levels of cleanliness are required. 

The chemicals used in cleanrooms might require special materials be used in construction. Whenever possible, noncombustible materials should be used. Only materials that come in direct contact with corrosive chemicals should be made of plastic. In the past, we have seen work stations handling flammable liquids constructed of polypropylene with stainless steel liners. The flammable liquids do not adversely affect the stainless steel, so they should be built entirely of this material. The Factory Mutual protocol for... 

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