Rubbing alcohol

Isopropyl alcohol is prepared from petroleum by hydration of propene With a boil mg point of 82°C isopropyl alcohol evaporates quickly from the skin producing a cool mg effect Often containing dissolved oils and fragrances it is the major component of rubbing alcohol Isopropyl alcohol possesses weak antibacterial properties and is used to maintain medical instruments m a sterile condition and to clean the skin before minor surgery... 

Medical Usage. Isopropyl alcohol is also used as an antiseptic and disinfectant for home, hospital, and industry (see Disinfectants and antiseptics). It is about twice as effective as ethyl alcohol in these appHcations (153,154). Rubbing alcohol, a popular 70 vol % isopropyl alcohol-in-water mixture, exemplifies the medicinal use of isopropyl alcohol. Other examples include 30 vol % isopropyl alcohol solutions for medicinal liniments, tinctures of green soap, scalp tonics, and tincture of mercurophen. It is contained in pharmaceuticals, eg, local anesthetics, tincture of iodine, and bathing solutions for surgical sutures and dressings. Over 200 uses of isopropyl alcohol have been tabulated (2). 

The substitution of one hydroxyl radical for a hydrogen atom in propane produces propyl alcohol, or propanol, which has several uses. Its molecular formula is C3H7OH. Propyl alcohol has a flash point of 77°F and, like all the alcohols, bums with a pale blue flame. More commonly known is the isomer of propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol. Since it is an isomer, it has the same molecular formula as propyl alcohol but a different structural formula. Isopropyl alcohol has a flash point of 53 F. Its ignition temperamre is 850°F, while propyl alcohol s ignition temperature is 700 F, another effect of the different stmcture. Isopropyl alcohol, or 2-propanol (its proper name) is used in the manufacture of many different chemicals, but is best known as rubbing alcohol. 

Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Almost clear to pale yellow Odor Like rubbing alcohol. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Dimethylcarbinol 2-Propanol Isopropanol sec-Propyl alcohol Petrohol Rubbing alcohol Chemical Formula CH3CH(OH)CH3. 

A principal use of 2-propanol is to make acetone, a solvent, and as a starting mater - m making other organic compounds. Smaller amounts of 2-propanol are convened to other cheii Is or used as a solvent, rubbing alcohol, or denaturing agent for ethyl alcohol. 

Organic chemists have devised a number of shortcuts to speed the writing of str-uctural formulas. Sometimes we leave out unshared electron pairs, but only when we are sure enough in our ability to count electrons to know when they are present and when they re not. We ve already mentioned representing covalent bonds by dashes. In condensed structural formulas we leave out some, many, or all of the covalent bonds and use subscripts to indicate the number of identical groups attached to a particular- atom. These successive levels of simplification are illustrated as shown for isopropyl alcohol ( rubbing alcohol ). 

Consider isopropyl alcohol, C3H80. It is the component of rubbing alcohol and is also present in many household glass cleaners. Its structural formula is... 

Isopropyl alcohol is the main ingredient in rubbing alcohol It can decompose into acetone (the main ingredient in nail polish remover) and hydrogen gas according to the following reaction ... 

Three major non-polymer propylene derivatives are isopropanol, acetone, and acrylic acid. Isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol) is used mainly as a solvent. It has been made from propylene by reaction with sulfuric acid and water for at least the last 75 years, making its manufacture the oldest, still-running commercial organic chemical process. It is used in household rubbing alcohol because, unlike ethanol, it is unfit for human consumption even in small amounts. About 25 % of the isopropanol produced is used for making acetone, in competition with a route based on isopropylbenzene. 

Currently, hand exposure is predominately measured using the hand wash technique. Numerous solvents have been suggested for use in this procedure however, rubbing alcohol or a mild detergent in water has been the most commonly used. 

When using rubbing alcohol, the alcohol is first placed in a plastic bag and the hands are inserted into the bag and rubbed for a short length of time (30 s). The hands are then removed and dried. The use of rubbing alcohol as a hand wash has come under some criticism owing to the potential detrimental effect that the alcohol may have on the skin of the study volunteer. 

Propanol ch,ch2ch2oh Propyl alcohol Rubbing alcohol... 

Rubbing alcohol This liquid at room temperature, which is either isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol, CH3CH(OH)CH3) or ethanol (CH3CH2OH), has a set volume, but takes on the shape of its container. Its molecules are close together but have no particular arrangement and are free to move past each other. 

If the label on a box of Cheerios states that there are 22 g of carbohydrates in each serving, how does the manufacturer know with certainty that it is 22 g and not 20 or 25 g If the label on a bottle of rubbing alcohol says that it is 70% isopropyl alcohol, how does the manufacturer know that it is 70% and not 65 or 75% The answers have to do with the quality of the manufacturing process and also with how accurately the companies quality assurance laboratories can measure these ingredients. But much of it also has to do with the skills of the technicians performing the analyses. 

Rubbing alcohol Lamp oil Note Color the lamp oil and rubbing alcohol with food dyes Molasses Antifreeze Ivory liquid (white) Palmolive liquid (green) T TM Joy Dawn (blue) Mineral oil All layers, except the mineral oil, can be colored with a drop or two of food coloring... 

Suggest why a person who has a higher than normal temperature might be given a rubdown with rubbing alcohol (70% isopropyl alcohol). 

A mixture of 70% 2-propanol (isopropanol) and 30% water is sold as rubbing alcohol, which may be used to help reduce a fever. Explain how this process works. 

Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that are based on carbon. Natural gas, rubbing alcohol, aspirin, and the compounds that give fragrance to a rose, are all organic compounds. In this chapter, you will learn how to identify and name molecules from the basic families of organic compounds. You will be introduced to the shape, structure, and properties of different types of organic compounds. 

The propylene equivalent of polyethylene is polypropylene. About 50% of the chemical use of propylene is directed to that use. Other major applications are the manufacture of propylene oxide, isopropyl alcohol, cumene, 0X0 alcohols, acrylic acids, and acrylonitrile. The consumer products you are familiar with show up everywhere carpets, rope, clothing, plastics in automobiles, appliances, toys, rubbing alcohol, paints, and epoxy glue. 

Properties and handling. Methanol is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature with an alcoholic smell. It mixes with water in all proportions and burns with a pale blue flame. Methanol is highly toxic. As little as a fifth of a shot (lOcc) can cause blindness. Larger amounts kill. It should never be applied to the body as a rubbing alcohol because the vapors are so toxic. 

And of course, IPA is used as rubbing alcohol, because of its innocuous nontoxic odor, its low boiling (vaporization) temperature, and moderate heat of vaporization. It dries rapidly but wont give you frostbite like liquid butane might. 

Properties and handling. IPA is/a colorless, flammable liquid with that characteristic, rubbing alcohol odor. Ifs soluble in water in all proportions, as well as most organic solvents. It is commercially available in technical grade (91%), chemical (98%), and absolute (99 %). Shipments by rail, truck, drum, etc., are routine, except that the flammability requires hazardous materials warnings. 

The processes that constitute life take place in water (there may be a few exceptions but never mind). There are many substances characteristic of life, both simple molecules and highly complex ones, which interact readily with water. Common examples include sucrose, table salt, ethanol, rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol or 2-propanol), and cotton, for example. Such substances are hydrophilic. As we shall see, most hydrophihc substances have a structural element in common with water. This fact is frequently captured in the idea like likes like. ... 

Uses. Manufacture of acetone solvent in skin lotions, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals most commonly available commercially as rubbing alcohol (70% isopropanol)... 

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