Examination process

In the PCT examination process, national patent applications may be filed at the end of Chapter I (18 months from the home appHcation filing date), or at the end of Chapter II (30 months from the home appHcation filing date). If the examination of the U.S. home appHcation ends successfully before completion of the examination of the counterpart appHcation in PCT Chapter I, the PCT AppHcant may file national appHcations including the claims examined and allowed by the U.S. PTO without proceeding to PCT Chapter II processing. A brief timeline of patent appHcation examination under the PCT is provided in Table I. 

To gain a better understanding of the mechanism that controls the glucose level in the blood, it is important to examine processes that contribute to an increased or lowered glucose concentration. 

United States Patent and Trademark Office, (U.S. PTO), 18 158, 25 255 patent examination process within, 16 179-180 regulations of, 16 178 United States patents, elements of, 16 161-163... 

It is generally agreed that there should be some change in the law to facilitate public participation in the patent examination process. This is a result of the growing volume of the scientific literature and the increasing complexity of the sources to be searched. A person who knows of reasons why a patent should not have issued should be able to bring these reasons before the Patent Office, and the Patent Office should reexamine the patent and review its prior decision. These reasons are almost always published literature references—called prior art in the trade—that the patent examiner missed in the search. 

That great naturalist, the Honourable Robert Boyle (born in 1626, died in 1691), very perseveringly besought those who examined processes of calcination to pay heed to the action of everything which might take part in the processes. He was especially desirous they should consider what part the air might play in calcinations he spoke of the air as a... 

Search and examination of an application are necessary in most countries before a patent can be granted. The purpose of the search is to identify documents (whether earlier patent applications or journal articles) which are relevant in assessing whether the invention claimed in the patent application is new or non-obvious the purpose of the examination is for a patent office examiner to assess whether the claimed invention meets all the requirements of patentability and other requirements of patent law. The examination process is an interactive procedure between the patent examiner and patent applicant (or more usually his professional representative) in which the patent applicant may have to put forward arguments and evidence to rebut objections that the patent examiner may have to the patent application. During this process the patent applicant may have to amend (i.e. redefine) the claims to his invention. 

Comprehensive process simulation (media fill) test, media fill microbial examination, process simulation test protocol and template media fill run reports are provided in Section Val. 1800. 

Where processes are involved, the audit team should examine process controls and records to establish conformance with the specification. 

Facilities should examine process and storage areas and equipment to ensure that potentially incompatible substances are adequately separated. The design should be such that leaks or spills of highly reactive or incompatible chemicals are not collected within the same containment. 

At the Army s request, the National Research Council (NRC) previously examined process technologies and associated requirements to optimize health, safety, and operations at chemical disposal facilities,1 includ-... 

Step 3 is next because the reactor is typically the heart of an industrial process and the methods for heat removal are intrinsically part of the reactor design. So it is usually not optional what degrees of freedom can be used for exothermic reactor control. When the heat generated in an exothermic reactor is used within the process via energy integration, we must ensure that the energy is dissipated and not recycled. Hence we examine process-to-process heat exchangers and... 

A patent must end with one or more patent claims which describe the patented subject matter as unambiguously as possible. Patent claims may be considered as the definition of the patent scope for legal purposes. The precedent patent description has to justify all aspects of the patent claims and will be used for this purpose during the examination process. But only in cases of doubt will details of the patent description be used later on to interpret the patent claims. Thus, patent claims must be formulated with the utmost care. The three basic requirements novelty, non-obviousness and utility have to apply to... 

On the other hand, patent claims should read as broadly as possible to cover all patentable aspects of the invention. In practice, this conflict between the inventor s intention to keep patent claims as broad as possible and the public s interest to grant patents only on what has actually been invented, disclosed and reduced to practice, has led to the situation that patent applications contain rather broad claims which are subsequently narrowed down during the examination process. 

Patents granted by the European Patent Office in Munich and in The Hague confer on its proprietors the same rights as a national patent. Since the contracting countries have adapted their national laws, only one examination process takes place and only one common certificate is issued. Applications filed under the PCT system may also designate EPO countries. 

In this section we discuss the new features of the dynamics under extreme conditions and the important role of the environment on the high efficiency of the examined process. The ability to break the overall mechanism into series of stages is a result of a clear separation of time scales with which different events take place, as we pointed out in the previous section. This enables us to examine first, for each reaction, the energetic and steric requirements and then to return to those collisions before and after the reaction took place, so as to examine the role of the cluster in enabling such a high reactivity. 

A common drawback of all fast neutral beam experiments is the difficulty in determining absolute cross sections. This can be primarily attributed to problems in deriving the neutral beam intensity in the interaction region and product detection efficiencies. As will be discussed in the following section, estimated cross sections for examined processes have been reported, but they can differ by orders of magnitude from one fast neutral beam experiment to another. 

You are unlikely to have reached this stage in your education without being exposed to the examination process. However, the following comments should help you to identify and improve on the skills required for exam success. 

One of the principal elements of Green Zia that will be the focus of this paper is the third-party assessment and feedback report process. Like our Baldrige brethren at both the national level and at the state Quality Award Program level, Green Zia employs a number of volunteers to read applications that are submitted to our state Environment Department, provide nonprescriptive feedback on strengths and opportunities for improvement, determine a score for the application based on a 1000-point scale, and possibly conduct a site visit to verify/clarify the application. This paper will describe all aspects of the third-party examination process and will provide some personal insight as to the strengths and opportunities for improvement of our own process. 

Examine processing to determine if the problem has been identified. 

Candidates for licensure in all states but California must pass the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX ), a computer-adaptive, competency-based examination that assesses the candidate s ability to apply knowledge gained in pharmacy school to real-life practice situations. California administers a unique examination process. Most states also require candidates to take a state-specific pharmacy law examination. Currently, 36 states use the Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Examination (MPJE ), a computer-adaptive assessment that tailors each examination to address the pharmacy law and regulations of the state in which the candidate is seeking licensure. 

---