Eosinophilic granulocytes colony stimulating factor

E5. Ema, H, Suda, T., Nagayoshi, K., Miura, Y., Civin, C. I., and Nakauchi, H. Target cells for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3, and interleukin-5 in differentiation pathways of neutrophils and eosinophils. Blood 76, 1956-1961 (1990). 

Lopez, A. F., Williamson, D. J., Gamble, J. R., Begley, C. G., Harlen, J. M., Klebanoff, S. J., Waltersdorph, A., Wong, G., Clark, S. C., Vadas, M. A. (1986). Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates in vitro mature human neutrophil and eosinophil function, surface receptor expression, and survival. 

Dibbert B. Daigle I. Braun D. Schranz C, Weber M. Blaser K. Zangemeister-Wittke U. Akbar AN. Simon HU Role for Bcl-xL in delayed eosinophil apoptosis mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5. Blood 1998 92 778-783. 

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Granulocyte, monocyte, eosinophil production... 

Noso, N., Sticherling, M., Bartels, J., Mallet, A. I., Christophers, E., and Schroder, J. M. (1996) Identification of an N-terminally truncated form of the chemokine RANTES and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as major eosinophil attractants released by cytokine-stimulate dermal fibroblasts. J. Immunol. 156, 1946-1953. 

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) primarily increases the production and activity of neutrophils, and stimulates the proliferation of monocytes and eosinophils. 

A. B. and Durham, S.R (1993). Increases in activated T lymphocytes, eosinophils and cytokine mRNA expression for interleukin-5 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor in bronchial biopsies after allergen inhalation challenge in atopic asthmatics. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 8, 35-42. 

Warringa, RA., Koenderman, L., Kok, P.T., Kreukniet, J. and Bruijnzeel, P.L. (1991). Modulation and induction of eosinophil chemotaxis by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3. Blood 77, 2694-2700. 

Broide, D.H., Paine, M.M. and Firestein, G.S. (1992b). Eosinophils express interleukin 5 and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor mRNA at sites of allergic inflammation in asthmatics. J. Clin. Invest. 90, 1414-1424. 

Kita, H., Ohnishi, T., Okubo, Y., WeUer, D., Abrams, J. S. and Gleich, G.J. (1991). Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 3 release from human peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils. J. Exp. Med. 174, 745-748. 

Silberstein, D.S., Owen, W.F., Gasson, J.C., DiPersio, J.F., Golde, D.W., Bina, J.C., Soberman, R, Austen, K.F. and David, J.R (1986). Enhancement of human eosinophil cytotoxicity and leukotriene synthesis by biosynthetic (recombinant) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J. Immunol. 137, 3290—3294. 

In vitro investigations have attempted to clarify the mechanism of immune activation but so far have provided limited data. Studies testing the hypothesis that implicated tryptophan or EBT can trigger PBMCs to release cytokines have been equivocal, although one study found that EBT activates eosinophils and induces IL-5 production from T cells. Another recent study found that certain lots of L-tryptophan could stimulate PBMCs to release granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) this response, however, was caused by endotoxin contamination and not associated with case lots of tryptophan. The mechanism of immune activation is clearly complex and may be difficult to reproduce with an in vitro assay. Similar difficulties have been encountered in the study of immune system activation in TOS. 

Till S, Li B, Durham S, Humbert M, et al. Secretion of the eosinophil-active cytokines interleukin-5, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 by bronchoalveolar lavage CD4 and CD8 T cell lines in atopic asthmatics, and atopic and non-atopic controls. Eur J Immuno 1995 25 2727-31. 

MOQBEL, R HAMID, Q YING, S BARKANS, J HARTNELL, A., TSICOPOULOS, A., WARDLOW, A.J. KAY, A.B. (1991) Expression of mRNA and immunoreactivity for the granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) in activated human eosinophils. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 174, 749-753. 

C22. Chihara, J., Plumas, J., Gruart, V., Tavernier, J., Prin, L., Capron, A., and Capron, M. Characterization of a receptor for interleukin-S on human eosinophils Variable expression and induction by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J. Exp. Med. 172,1347-1351 (1990). 

C28. Clutterbuck, E. J., and Sanderson, C. J. Regulation of human eosinophil precursor production by cytokines A comparison of recombinant human interleukin-1 (rhlL-1), rhlL-3, rhlL-S, rhlL-6, and rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood IS, 1774-1779 (1990). 

Secor, W. E., Stewart, S. J., and Colley, D. G. Eosinophils and immune mechanisms. VI. The synergistic combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-5 accounts for eosinophil-stimulation promoter activity in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. J. Immunol. 144, 1484-1489 (1990). 

GM-CSF Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates production of granulocytes (basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils), and other myeloid cells... 

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