Truncated forms

Truncated Forms. Tmncated forms of hGH have been produced, either through the actions of enzymes or by genetic methods. 2-CAP, generated by the controlled actions of the trypsin, has the first eight residues at the N-terminus of hGH removed. Other tmncated versions of hGH have been produced by modification of the gene before expression in a suitable host. The first 13 residues have been removed to yield a derivative having distinctive biological properties (30). In this latter case the polypeptide chain is not cleaved. 

Our results fit also with a previous investigation (9) on polyenes based on a version of the 2h-lp Cl scheme restricted to the virtual one-electron states generated by a minimal basis. In our case, however, the fragmentation of lines into satellites is much more pronounced. The reason lies in the size-consistency of the ADC[3] approach (as contrasted with the size-inconsistency of any truncated form of Cl (27d), in the full handling of the virtual space, and (10) in the inclusion of correlation corrections to the reference ground state, leading to (37) a net reduction of the quasi-particle band gap of conjugated polymers. 

The main apohpoprotein of LDL (P-lipopro-tein) is apohpoprotein B (B-lOO) and is found also in VLDL. Chylomicrons contain a truncated form of apo B (B-48) that is synthesized in the intestine, while B-lOO is synthesized in the hver. Apo B-lOO is one of the longest single polypeptide chains known, having 4536 amino acids and a molecular mass of 550,000 Da. Apo B-48 (48% of B-lOO) is formed from the same mRNA as apo B-lOO after the introduction of a stop signal by an RNA editing enzyme. Apo C-1, C-11, and C-111 are smaller polypeptides (molecular mass 7000— 9000 Da) freely transferable between several different hpoproteins. Apo E is foimd in VLDL, HDL, chylomicrons, and chylomicron remnants it accounts for 5— 10% of total VLDL apohpoproteins in normal subjects. 

Microplasmin is a truncated form of plasmin that is more resistant to the effects of antiplasmin. In a rabbit stroke model, intravenous microplasmin infusion resulted in a high rate of clot lysis without increasing the rate of ICH. In addition, there was significant improvement in the behavioral rating scores, suggesting a neu-roprotective effect. The ongoing MITI-IV trial is a 40-patient multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using three different intravenous doses of microplas-min to treat acute ischemic stroke (NIHSS >6 and <22) within 12 hours of symptom onset. 

Marcy AI, Eiberger LL, Harrison R, Chan HK, Hutchinson NI, Hagmann WK, Cameron PM, Boulton DA, Hermes JD. Human fibroblast stromelysin catalytic domain expression, purification and characterization of a C-terminally truncated form. Biochemistry 1991 30 6476-6483. 

Scott GK, Kushner P, Vigne JL, Benz CC (1991) Truncated forms of DNA-binding estrogen receptors in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 88 700... 

The dipolar-coupling Hamiltonian (TTy) describes the through-space coupling between two nuclear spins l and Ij. The dipolar coupling has an rk- dependence, and is key to the determination of internuclear distances in both solid-state and solution-state NMR. The high-field truncated form of the dipolar Hamiltonian is given by... 

Truncated forms hydrolytic enzymes or chemicals may catalyze the cleavage of peptide bonds. 

Only the N- and C-terminally truncated form of tomato ACS (llM-39 aa, full-length ACS 485 aa) and the C-terminally truncated form of apple ACS (52-48 kDa) have been crystallized to date. 

Figure 2.3 Absorption of bile acids by the cholangiocyte in the cholehepatic shunt. Bile acids are absorbed at the apical membrane of the cholangioc5de by the apical sodium-dependent bile-acid transporter (ASBT) that causes cholehepatic shunting of bile acids back to the hepatocyte. Absorbed bile adds are exported across the basolateral membrane by multi-drug-resistance-associated protein 3 (MRP3), a truncated form of ASBT or by the het-eromeric organic solute (OST) a and p forms. Bile adds cause choleresis that is rich in bicarbonate ions secreted by the chloride/bicarbonate ion exchanger.

Truncated forms of human and rat heme oxygenase-1 have been successfully crystallized (53, 89), and the structure of the human isoform has been determined (Fig. 6) (53). The full-length human heme oxygenase is a 288-residue protein, but the protein that was crystallized... 

Fig. 9. Electrophilic oxidation of the porphyrin ring by the Fe "-OOH complex formed in the catal3itic turnover of heme oxygenase. The heme group is shown in a truncated form.

Page numbers are inclusive (with en dashes), but in one example, a truncated form is used (1529-34 rather than 1529-1534). 

Some patients with familial hypercholesterolemia produce a truncated form of the LDL receptor, termed the Lebanese allele, which lacks three of the five domains of the protein and causes it to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. Analysis of the mutant gene indicated that the sequence of the protein was normal up to the point where it terminated. 

---