Environmental objectives

In the late 1980s attempts were made in California to shift fuel use to methanol in order to capture the air quaHty benefits of the reduced photochemical reactivity of the emissions from methanol-fueled vehicles. Proposed legislation would mandate that some fraction of the sales of each vehicle manufacturer be capable of using methanol, and that fuel suppHers ensure that methanol was used in these vehicles. The legislation became a study of the California Advisory Board on Air QuaHty and Fuels. The report of the study recommended a broader approach to fuel quaHty and fuel choice that would define environmental objectives and allow the marketplace to determine which vehicle and fuel technologies were adequate to meet environmental objectives at lowest cost and maximum value to consumers. The report directed the California ARB to develop a regulatory approach that would preserve environmental objectives by using emissions standards that reflected the best potential of the cleanest fuels. 

Lead and Lead-Lined Steel Pipe Lead and lead-hned steel lipe have been essentially eliminated as piping materials owing to lealth hazards in fabrication and installation and to environmental objections. Lead has been replaced by suitable plastic, reinforced plastic, plastic-lined steel, or high-alloy materials. 

Location of Transfer Stations Whenever possible, transfer stations should be located (1) as near as possible to the weighted center of the individual solid-waste-produciion ares to be served, (2) within easy access of major arterial highways as well as near secondary or supplemental means of transportation, (3) where there will be a minimum of pubhc and environmental objection to the transfer operations, and (4) where construction and operation will be most economical. Additionally, if the transfer-station site is to be used for processing operations involving material recovery and/or energy production, the requirements for those operations must be considered. 

The organic reagents are used extensively for determinations series of elements by different methods of analysis. We carry out the systematical investigation of organic derivatives of hydrazine as a reagent for determinations ion of metals by photometric and extractive-photometric methods or analysis, as well as methods of atomic absorption spectrometry. Series procedure determinations ion of metals in technical and environmental objects have been developed. 

The conducted researches of complexing processes of noble metals on a sulfur-containing CMSG surface formed the basis for development of sorption-photometric, sorption-luminescent, soi ption-atomic-absoi ption, sorption-atomic-emission and sorption-nuclear-physic techniques of the analysis of noble metals in rocks, technological objects and environmental objects. Techniques of separation and detenuination of noble metals in various oxidation levels have been proposed in some cases. 

The content of selenium in biological and environmental objects is low and comprises 10 -10 %. This causes necessity of development of new and improvement of existing effective methods of preconcentration and determination of Se traces. 

Safety and environmental objectives and targets based on the results of the safety and environmental assessment... 

Methods of measuring the achievement of safety and environmental objectives and targets... 

A All managers will continue to be held accountable for the safety and environmental performance of their departments. Indeed, part of their annual f>erformance review depends on meeting specific safety and environmental objectives. But, the processes will be redesigned so that they require as little management intervention as possible. Based on our... 

The use of burial or mounding is sometimes employed to overcome visual environmental objections since the mounding, for instance, can be grassed over. Indeed, this is the method often adopted to prevent erosion of the mounding material. A typical mounded storage is seen in Figure 20.8. 

Environmental objections to cadmium dissipation, and the possibility of increasing... 

Azapagic and Clift also dealt with the coupling of multi-objective optimisation and LCA to facilitate decision-making in process development and optimisation. The system under investigation was simultaneously optimised on a number of environmental objective functions defined and quantified through the LCA approach.Furthermore, the... 

At the environmental objects toxicity definition with offered method will allow during short time to estimate the toxicity degree of of various objects after eco-disasters or acts of terrorism, with use of the toxic agents. Besides, suggested method does not demand a sterility and allows to use materials from the objects of the external environment, which are not sterile. 

Surnina, N. N., Tarasov, V. V. (1992). Some aspects of contamination of environmental objects by polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls. Journal of Ecological Chemistry, 2, 5-20. 

Al-Sharrah GK, Alatiqi I, Elkamel A, Alper E (2001) Planning an Integrated Petrochemical Industry with an Environmental Objective. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research 40 2103-2111... 

UPS also issues an annual Corporate Sustainability Report. It is more than eighty pages long and details how UPS balances its economic success with social and environmental objectives, and how it measures such performance. To this end, UPS and its employees were for the past four years the largest contributor to the United States United Way Campaign, contributing more than 57 million in 2005. 

Al-Sharrah, G.K., Alatiqi, I., Elkamel, A. and Alper, E. (2001) Planning an integrated petrochemical industry with an environmental objective. Industrial el Engineering Chemistry Research, 40, 2103. 

Artjuch VP, Gojster OS, Khmelnitsky GA, Starodub NF (2003) Trichtezene mycotoxins determination in environmental objects. Biopolym Cell 19 216-223... 

Starodub NF, Nabok AV, Tsargorodskaya A et al (2005) Optical biosensors for the registration of some pesticides, mycotoxins and endocrine disrupting substances in environmental objects. 84 ICB seminar on biochemical sensing - Utilization of micro- and nanotechnologies, Warsaw, p 30... 

Starodub NF, Pylipeko LN, Pylipenko IV, Egorova AV (2008) Mycotoxins and other low weight toxins as instrument of bioterrorists express instrumental control and some ways to decontaminate polluted environmental objects. Timisoara Medical J 58 9-18... 

A special type of heterogeneous objects exhibits cyclic changes of its properties. Frequencies of cyclic variations can be a sign of daily influences as temperature of the environment or shift-to-shift variations. Seasonal frequencies are common in environmental objects like air or surfacewater. 

A revised NEC Directive, which includes emission ceilings for PM2.5, is of utmost importance in order to prepare the path for emission reductions up to 2020 and to achieve various environmental objectives. It will also contribute to attaining the PM10 and N02 limit values. It will furthermore be an important input for the foreseen revision of the Gothenburg Protocol, designed to also reduce transboundary pollution from countries outside the EU. Therefore a proposal for a revised NEC Directive should be published as soon as possible. The emission ceilings included therein should be ambitious so as to facilitate the attainment of air quality limit values. 

The whole procedure of identifying an environmental object ends with the component-by-component verification of its parameters according to the scheme in Figure 5.2. 

Consider the supportive role of any environmental objectives for the TOE objectives. 

Check if SFRs are suitable (should be necessary and sufficient, each of the identified SFRs is sufficient to satisfy a given security objective, how environmental objectives support the TOE objectives). 

However, the environmental objective might best be addressed by seeking to change behavior through an advisory standard (e.g., one that acts as an information... 

Sweden s Environmental Objectives in an Interdependent World - de Facto 2007. A progress report from the Swedish Environmental Objectives Council 2007 http //www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer/620-1260-6.pdf... 

The Swedish Environmental Objectives A Summary of the Government Bill, Swedish Ministry for the Environment, 1997/98, 145, 25. 

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