Multi-objective

Target Multi-Objective Goals Most traditional AI systems deal with problems in a piecemeal fashion, one at a time in contrast, the individual agents in an agent-based system must deal with many conflicting goals simultaneously. 

Keywords Micro-optics, MOEMS, multi-object spectroscopy, adaptive optics, astronomi-... 

Thanks to its multiplexing capabilities, Multi-Object Spectroscopy (MOS)... 

In the design of MOEMS components, various parameters have to be tuned. These parameters differ according to the functionality of the component. We will consider two different family of devices, programmable slits for Multi-Object Spectroscopy, including Micro-Mirror Arrays (MMA) and Micro-Shutters Arrays (MSA), and Micro-Deformable Mirrors (MDM) for Adaptive Optics systems. 

Programmable multi-slit mask for Multi-Object Spectroscopy... 

Figure 1. Principle of Multi-Object Spectroscopy using a Micro-Mirror Array. MMA array in the park position and in action...

Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MOEMS) will be widely integrated in new astronomical instruments for future Extremely Large Telescopes, as well as for existing lOm-class telescopes. The two major applications are programmable slit masks for Multi-Object Spectroscopy (see Ch. 12) and deformable mirrors for Adaptive Optics systems. Eirst prototypes have shown their capabilities. However, big efforts have stiU to be done in order to reach the requirements and to realize reliable devices. 

Cheng CT, Ou CP, Chau KW (2002) Combining a fuzzy optimal model with a genetic algorithm to solve multi-objective rainfall-runoff model calibration. J Hydrol 268 72-86... 

Takahara J, Takayama K, Nagai T. Multi-objective simultaneous optimization technique based on an artificial neural network in sustained release formulations. 

Finally, the coupling of SLCA, further evaluation criteria and multi-objective optimisation are demonstrated with the help of a second case study dealing with the improvement of synthesis strategies for ionic liquids (see Section 7.5). 

Azapagic and Clift also dealt with the coupling of multi-objective optimisation and LCA to facilitate decision-making in process development and optimisation. The system under investigation was simultaneously optimised on a number of environmental objective functions defined and quantified through the LCA approach.Furthermore, the... 

Stefanis etal.J Alexander etal./ Baitz etalJ and Sugiyama etal. ° and so forth likewise presented the coupling of LCA and economic evaluation with a multi-objective evaluation to aid process design and development. 

The coupling of an SLCA approach, an economic analysis and multi-objective optimisation will be demonstrated in the following by means of case study 2. 

The treatment of the large data volumes that can be obtained with large telescopes and multi-objects spectrographs, such as FLAMES at the ESO VLT, requires a major upgrade of the methods commonly used to reduce and analyze high and medium resolution spectra. 

R. Pallavicini, et al. Multi-object spectroscopy of open clusters with FLAMES preliminary GTO results . In This volume. 

Multi-Object Spectroscopy of Open Clusters with FLAMES Preliminary GTO Results... 

It is quite astonishing how little observational information is available on the chemistry and kinematics of the Galactic Bulge. A massive and exciting opportunity for the current multi-object spectrographs is being overlooked here. 

It is just a half-century ago that the concept of real abundance variations became well-established. It is less that 50 years since the famous B2FH paper was published. Quantitative CCD-based spectroscopy is only some 20 years old, while quantitative multi-object spectroscopy has really begun only in the last decade. These rapid observational advances were enabled by impressive advances in instrumentation, combined with increasing software power and complexity. In parallel, significant advances in stellar atmospheric modelling, and the requisite atomic and molecular data, have allowed analyses of superb precision for large numbers of stars. 

Near Infrared Multi Object Spectrometer (NICMOS), 0.8-2.5 p,m. 

Chen C, Lee W (2004) Multi-objective optimization of multi-echelon supply chain networks with uncertain product demands and prices. Computers Chemical Engineering 28 (6-7) 1131-1144... 

Wallace TF (ed) (1992) APICS Dictionary, 7th edn. American Production and Inventory Control Society, Falls Church VA Wang R, Liang T (2004) Application of fuzzy multi-objective linear programming to aggregate production planning. Computers Industrial Engineering 46 17-41... 

Hugo, A., Rutter, P., Pistikopoulos, S., Amorelli, A. and Zoia, G. (2005). Hydrogen infrastructure strategic planning using multi-objective optimisation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 30 (15), 1523-1534. 

Coello, C. A., van Veldhuizen, D. A., and Lamont, G.B. (2002) Evolutionary algorithms for solving multi-objective problems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York. 

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