Drinking potassium

The growth of demand for benzoic acid is expected to increase at a rate of between 1 and 2% per year (17). Glycol dibenzoate plasticizers have been growing at close to 10% annually for the past several years, in part due to environmental concerns with regard to phthalate plasticizers (qv). The growth of the diet soft drink market has increased the demand for sodium and potassium benzoates (17). 

Sodium and potassium benzoate are substances that may be added direcdy to human food and are affirmed as GRAS (33—35). Benzoic acid and sodium and potassium benzoate are now used as preservatives in such foods as sauces, pickles, cider, fmit juices, wine coolers, symps and concentrates, mincemeat and other acidic pie fillings, margarine, egg powder, fish (as a brine dip component), bottled carbonated beverages, and fmit preserves, jams, and jellies. The popularity of diet soft drinks has led to increased demand for both benzoate salts. 

The use of the potassium salt of benzoic acid is relatively new. Concerns regarding sodium intake and its possible relationship to high blood pressure have caused some soft drink manufacturers to switch to potassium benzoate. 

Methybcanthine Diuretics. The mild diuretic effect of drinking coffee, from caffeine, and tea, mainly from theophylline, has been recogni2ed for along time. But the methylxanthines (Table 5) are of very limited efficacy when used as diuretics. The excretion of sodium and chloride ions are increased, but the potassium excretion is normal. Methylxanthines do not alter the urinary pH. Even though the methylxanthines have been demonstrated to have minor direct effects in the renal tubules, it is beUeved that they exert their diuretic effects through increased renal blood flow and GER (71). 

Acesulfame potassium is a noncaloric sweetener that is two hundred times sweeter than sugar. It is used in tabletop sweeteners, toothpastes, soft drinks, desserts, baked goods, and canned foods. 

K-Lor oral solution (potassium bicarbonate/citrate) M in glassful of OJ and drink... 

Drinking water, waste water, natural water Direct distillation or distillation of solvent-cleaned sample (if necessary) at acidic pH, react with 4-amino-antipyrine and potassium Spectrophotometric 1 pg/L for 500-mL sample NG... 

In addition to the use of chlorine as an antiseptic for swimming pools and drinking water, large amounts are used during industrial processes that produce paper, plastics, textiles, dyes, medicines, insecticides, solvents, and some paints. Following are some of the more important compounds of chlorine used in industries hydrochloric acid (HCl + H O), table salt (NaCl), chloroform (CHCL ), carbon tetrachloride (CCy, magnesium chloride (MgCl ), chlorine dioxide (CIO ), potassium chloride (KCl), and lithium chloride (LiCl). 

Lithium chloride is used in the production of lithium metal by electrolysis. It also is used in metallurgy as a eutectic melting composition with potassium chloride (LiCl 41 mol% KCl 59 mol%). Other applications are in low temperature dry-cell batteries as a dehumidifier in air conditioning in welding and soldering flux as a desiccant in fireworks and in mineral waters and soft drinks. 

The natural concentration of fluoride in drinking water varies from trace amounts to toxic concentrations. Because of the low natural levels of fluoride in some water supplies and the high levels of dental caries, many authorities worldwide have permitted, or instigated, fluoridation of water supplies. The first artificial fluoridation trials started in 1945 in two towns in America - Newburgh and Grand Rapids [43], Commonly used compounds for water fluoridation are sodium or potassium fluoride or hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) and its sodium salt (Na2SiFe). 

Potassium permanganate treatment methods are under development by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and have been evaluated in field demonstrations. The technology is commercially available. CAIROX is a strong oxidant that has also been used commercially for many years in the chemical manufacturing, drinking water, and wastewater industries. 

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