Potassium drinking water

Drinking water, waste water, natural water Direct distillation or distillation of solvent-cleaned sample (if necessary) at acidic pH, react with 4-amino-antipyrine and potassium Spectrophotometric 1 pg/L for 500-mL sample NG... 

In addition to the use of chlorine as an antiseptic for swimming pools and drinking water, large amounts are used during industrial processes that produce paper, plastics, textiles, dyes, medicines, insecticides, solvents, and some paints. Following are some of the more important compounds of chlorine used in industries hydrochloric acid (HCl + H O), table salt (NaCl), chloroform (CHCL ), carbon tetrachloride (CCy, magnesium chloride (MgCl ), chlorine dioxide (CIO ), potassium chloride (KCl), and lithium chloride (LiCl). 

The natural concentration of fluoride in drinking water varies from trace amounts to toxic concentrations. Because of the low natural levels of fluoride in some water supplies and the high levels of dental caries, many authorities worldwide have permitted, or instigated, fluoridation of water supplies. The first artificial fluoridation trials started in 1945 in two towns in America - Newburgh and Grand Rapids [43], Commonly used compounds for water fluoridation are sodium or potassium fluoride or hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) and its sodium salt (Na2SiFe). 

Potassium permanganate treatment methods are under development by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and have been evaluated in field demonstrations. The technology is commercially available. CAIROX is a strong oxidant that has also been used commercially for many years in the chemical manufacturing, drinking water, and wastewater industries. 

The potassium salt K[Fe4S3(NO)7] was many years ago shown to exhibit bacteriostatic action against a range of microorganisms, including both aerobic and anaerobic types (130-132) its antiseptic action was shown (130) to provide a good disinfectant of contaminated drinking water. 

The concentration range for potassium and sodium corresponds to the concentration range of these components in drinking waters in the investigated area over a period of several years. The concentrations of sulfate, chloride, and phosphate correspond to the... 

The effect of oral barium exposure on various blood chemistry parameters that are important for cardiovascular function has been evaluated in only one experimental study with humans (Wones et al. 1990). In this study, 0.2 mg barium/kg/day as barium chloride was supplied in the drinking water of subjects for 4 weeks. No clinically significant changes were noted in any of the blood chemistry parameters monitored (total plasma cholesterol plasma triglycerides plasma HDL and LDL cholesterol plasma apolipoproteins and serum glucose, potassium, calcium, and albumin). 

Several studies have examined the effect of exposure to potassium dichromate in drinking water on maternal body weight gain. An acute exposure (9 days) resulted in 8 and 24% decreases in body weight gain in pregnant mice exposed to 101 or 152 mg chromium(VI)/kg/day, respectively (Junaid et al. 

Splenocytes prepared from rats given potassium chromate in their drinking water at 16 mg chromium(VI)/kg/day for 3 weeks showed an elevated proliferative response of T-and B-lymphocytes to the mitogens, concanavalin A and liposaccharide, compared with splenocytes from control rats. A 5-fold enhancement of the proliferative response to mitomycin C was also seen when splenocytes from rats exposed for 10 weeks were incubated with splenocytes from nonexposed rats and additional chromium (0.1 mg chromium(VI)/L) was added to the incubation compared to the system without added chromium. It was suggested that these increased proliferative responses represent chromium-induced sensitization (Snyder and Valle 1991). The LOAEL values are recorded in Table 2-2 and plotted in Figure 2-2. 

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