Digestive system disease

Disease of digestion systems -------- Disease of urino-genital systems... 

In the PGHR population, relative rank-order of major diagnostic categories was the same for men and women, with the exception of digestive system disease ranking... 

Nogaller AM, Nikolaeva VG, Alexeyev VF (1987) Fitoterapiya zabol-evanii pishchevareniya (Phytotherapy of digestive system diseases). Pavlov Medical Institute, Ryazan (in Russian)... 

Exposure to excessive amounts of lead over a long period of time (chronic exposure) increases the risk of developing certain diseases. The parts of the body which may be affected include the blood, nervous system, digestive system, reproductive system, and kidneys. These effects include anemia, muscular weakness, kidney damage, and reproductive effects, such as reduced fertiHty in both men and women, and damage to the fetus of exposed pregnant women. 

Cobalt is one of twenty-seven known elements essential to humans (28) (see Mineral NUTRIENTS). It is an integral part of the cyanocobalamin [68-19-9] molecule, ie, vitamin B 2> only documented biochemically active cobalt component in humans (29,30) (see Vitamins, VITAMIN Vitamin B 2 is not synthesized by animals or higher plants, rather the primary source is bacterial flora in the digestive system of sheep and cattle (8). Except for humans, nonmminants do not appear to requite cobalt. Humans have between 2 and 5 mg of vitamin B22, and deficiency results in the development of pernicious anemia. The wasting disease in sheep and cattle is known as bush sickness in New Zealand, salt sickness in Florida, pine sickness in Scotland, and coast disease in AustraUa. These are essentially the same symptomatically, and are caused by cobalt deficiency. Symptoms include initial lack of appetite followed by scaliness of skin, lack of coordination, loss of flesh, pale mucous membranes, and retarded growth. The total laboratory synthesis of vitamin B 2 was completed in 65—70 steps over a period of eleven years (31). The complex stmcture was reported by Dorothy Crowfoot-Hodgkin in 1961 (32) for which she was awarded a Nobel prize in 1964. 

The administration of drugs to ease disease and chronic, severe pain or to provide benefits such as hormone replacement therapy is difficult because drugs taken orally may lose much of their potency in the harsh conditions of the digestive system. In addition, they are distributed throughout the entire body, not just where they are needed, and side effects can be significant. Recently, however, techniques have been developed to deliver drugs gradually over time, to the exact location in the body where they are needed, and even at the time when they are needed. 

National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. Your digestive system and how it works, National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse Web site. Available online. URL http //digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/. Accessed on March 18, 2008. 

The biphasic systemic disease in BN rats was also shown after administration by the respiratory or digestive route [187, 188], Even mercury-containing pharmaceutical products have been shown to induce immune-type glomerulonephritis [189],... 

A Alimentary tract and metabolism 520-579 240-279 Diseases of the digestive system Endocrine, nutritional, and metaholic diseases... 

In terms of mineral content, potato is best known as an important source of dietary potassium, which plays a fundamental role in acid-base regulation and fluid balance and is required for optimal functioning of the heart, kidneys, muscles, nerves, and digestive systems. Health benefits of sufficient potassium intake include reduced risk of hypokalemia, osteoporosis, high blood pressure, stroke, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), kidney stones, and asthma. A high intake of potassium and low intake of sodium have been hypothesized to reduce the risk of stroke (Larsson et al., 2008 Swain et al., 2008). However, most American women 31-50 years old consume no more than half of the recommended amoimt of potassium and men s intake is only moderately higher (lOM, 2004). 

Table 21.5 Dynamics, in days, of the main clinical manifestations in patients with chronic diseases of digestive system organs...

Heart or kidney failure, arthritis, dementia, chronic diseases of the digestive system, anemia, hypotension, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenalism, chronic nephritis, infertility, menopause syndrome, impotence. 

Acute or chronic diseases and disorders of the digestive system and the immune system, such as chronic gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy and intolerance. 

Aside from its murky role in brain function, alpha-linolenic acid has some well-documented effects on heart disease. It reduces the risk of blood-clot formation, lowers the chance of potentially lethal irregular heartbeat, and probably has an antiinflammatory effect on blood vessels. Several studies have found a link between increased intake of the acid and reduced risk of death from heart disease. Alpha-linolenic acid helps lower blood cholesterol, but flaxseed has another component that performs this function even more effectively. This is soluble fiber, which isn t absorbed by the body and passes right through the digestive system. On its journey through the digestive tract, the fiber binds cholesterol and prevents it from... 

Vitamin B3, also known as niacin, helps maintain the normal function of the skin, nerves, and digestive system. The disease pellagra results from a severe niacin deficiency. People with pellagra experience mouth sores, skin irritation, and mental deterioration. Niacin has the following formula C6H5N02. Often vitamin... 

Diarrhoea is an increase in the volume of stool or frequency of defecation. It is one of the most common clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease, but can also reflect primary disorders outside of the digestive system. There are numerous causes of diarrhoea, but in almost all cases this disorder is a manifestation of one of the following four basic mechanisms ... 

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