Dehydrogenases glucose dehydrogenase

Alcohol dehydrogenase Artificial neural networks Continuous stirred tank reactor D-Glucose-6-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Glucose dehydrogenase... 

Note HxK, G6PDH, GlcDH, and GaK are hexokinase, D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose dehydrogenase, and gluconate kinase. 

NADH-dehydrogenase NADPH-dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase Glucose dehydrogenase... 

Clinical Analysis. A wide range of clinically important substances can be detected and quantitated using chemiluminescence or bioluminescence methods. Coupled enzyme assay protocols permit the measurement of kinase, dehydrogenase, and oxidases or the substrates of these enzymes as exemplified by reactions of glucose, creatine phosphate, and bile acid in the following ... 

Chemiluminescence and bioluminescence are also used in immunoassays to detect conventional enzyme labels (eg, alkaline phosphatase, P-galactosidase, glucose oxidase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, horseradish peroxidase, microperoxidase, xanthine oxidase). The enhanced chemiluminescence assay for horseradish peroxidase (luminol-peroxide-4-iodophenol detection reagent) and various chemiluminescence adamantyl 1,2-dioxetane aryl phosphate substrates, eg, (11) and (15) for alkaline phosphatase labels are in routine use in immunoassay analyzers and in Western blotting kits (261—266). 

Two or more linked enzyme reactions can lead to a change in the concentration of NADH or NADPH that is equivalent to the concentration of the original analyte. The reference glucose measurement using hexokinase [9001-51-8] and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [9001-40-5] is an example ... 

In this biosensor a quartz radio crystal is functionalized with the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. As shown in Figure 3, a thin film of Pmssian blue [14038-43-8] C gN gFe, is then coated onto the crystal. 

Fig. 4. Schematic of a multisequence biosensor in which the target glucose is first converted to glucose-6-phosphate, G6P, in the test solution by hexokinase. G6P then reacts selectively with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase immobilized on the quartz crystal surface. Electrons released in the reaction then chemically reduce the Pmssian blue film (see Fig. 3), forcing an uptake of potassium ions. The resulting mass increase is manifested as a...

FIGURE 23.27 The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction is the committed step in the pentose phosphate pathway. 

Carboxylic acids with labile a-methylene protons react with isatin in the presence of strong aqueous base. In the total synthesis of methoxatin, the coenzyme of methanol dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase, Weinreb employs a Pfitzinger condensation of an isatin 37 and pyruvic acid as a key step to provide the 4-quinolinic acid 38 in 50% yield under the standard basic conditions. ... 

The dehydrogenase catalysing the glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate step is specific for the phosphorylated derivative of gluconate. 

Favism is the haemolysis obseived after eating Vica fava. This reaction is observed in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. This common deficiency is also responsible for haemolysis in response to the antimalarial drug primaquine and others. 

An idiosyncratic reaction is a harmful, sometimes fatal reaction, that occurs in a small minority of individuals. The reaction may occur with low doses of drags. Genetic factors may be responsible, e.g. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, although the cause is often poorly understood. 

Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase Low or absent enzyme activity in about 10% of African populations. Hemolysis following intake of a number of drugs which have electrophilic reactive metabolites, but also, carriers of this enzyme deficiency have a partial protection from malaria. 

The rate of mitochondrial oxidations and ATP synthesis is continually adjusted to the needs of the cell (see reviews by Brand and Murphy 1987 Brown, 1992). Physical activity and the nutritional and endocrine states determine which substrates are oxidized by skeletal muscle. Insulin increases the utilization of glucose by promoting its uptake by muscle and by decreasing the availability of free long-chain fatty acids, and of acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate formed by fatty acid oxidation in the liver, secondary to decreased lipolysis in adipose tissue. Product inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase by NADH and acetyl-CoA formed by fatty acid oxidation decreases glucose oxidation in muscle. 

Figure 8.2 Reduction of ketone with alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermoanaerobacter brockii using glucose-6-sulfate as a hydrogen source [3],...

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