Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, activities after

Healthy adults Inhalation 1-4 ppm 3 h Decrease in red blood cell membrane acetylcholinesterase activity increase in red blood cell lipids and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, higher concentration resulted in decrease in alpha-1-protease inhibitor activity but not overall enzyme activity in BALF. Mucociliary activity ceased after 45-min exposure to 1.5 and 3.5 ppm for 20 min. Devlin ct al. 1992 Frampton et al. 1992 Rasmusen et al. 1992 Posin et aL 1978 Mohsenin and Gee 1987 Helledayet al. 1995... 

An otherwise healthy 32-year-old woman received prilocaine 60 mg for removal of a gluteal abscess and developed symptoms of suspected methemoglobinemia, with dizziness, fever, and headache 1 hour after surgery and peripheral cyanosis and tachycardia 3 hours later [75 ]. She was given 5 ml of methylthioninium chloride 1% and her symptoms resolved within 30 minutes. Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity was normal. 

Testicular effects were also investigated after oral administration of 2000 mg/kg bw di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate for seven consecutive days to 13-week-old male Wistar rats (Saxena et al., 1985). Degeneration was observed in about 40% of the seminiferous tubules. Loss of succinic dehydrogenase, NADH-diaphorase and acid phosphatase activity and increases in adenosine triphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity were observed in treated rats. 

Although rare, acute hemolytic anemia can occur. This may reflect an immune reaction or may be due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Agranulocytosis occurs in -0.1% of patients who receive sulfadiazine and also can occur with other sulfonamides. Although neutropenia may persist for weeks or months after sulfonamide is withdrawn, most patients recover spontaneously with supportive care. Pancytopenia with complete suppression of bone-marrow activity is extremely rare. It probably results from a direct myelotoxic effect and may be fatal. Reversible suppression of the bone marrow is quite common in patients with limited bone marrow reserve (e.g., patients with AIDS or those receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy). 

A. After acute overdose, nausea, vomiting, slurred speech, ataxia, depressed sensorium, coma, respiratory depression, and seizures may occur rapidly (usually within 30-120 minutes). Profound anion gap metabolic acidosis (pH 6.8-6.9) often occurs after only one or two seizures, probably owing to muscle release of lactic acid. This usually clears slowly even after the seizure activity Is controlled. Liver injury may occur after an acute overdose, and may be delayed up to several days. Hemolysis may occur in patients with glucose-e-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Rhabdomyolysis can be a complication of recurrent seizures. 

The rate of increase in absorbance at 340 nm due to the formation of NADPH is directly proportional to the CK activity. The CK reaction (reaction [I]) is coupled by the auxiliary hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) reaction (reaction [II]) to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) indicator reaction (reaction [HI]). In these reactions, Mg + and N-acetylcysteine are required as activators to form complexes and a reactivator, respectively. To avoid the inhibition of Ca and adenylate kinase (EC 1.7.4.3) in serum samples, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and di(adenosine-5-) pentaphosphate must be present. The activity in serum sample decreases to 98% of initial value after a week in a refrigerator. 

The first detected change, which occurs after approximately 30 days of age, is a 50% drop in the activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. During the period, the activity of glucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase also decreases, but the half-life of the latter enzyme is around 50 days. 

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