Corrosion inhibitors morpholine

And don t forget—round-bottom flasks should be about halfway in the bath. Whether you should let steam rise up all around the flask or not appears to be a matter of debate. Lots of steam will certainly steam up the lab and may expose you to corrosion inhibitors (morpholine) in the steam lines. You should not, however, have steam shooting out the sides of the bath, or any other place. (Fig. 57). 

Monobutylamines are easily soluble in water and hydrocarbons and can generally be steam distilled. These properties lead to uses in soaps for water and oil emulsions, and as corrosion inhibitors in steam boiler appHcations (see Corrosion and corrosion inhibitors Emulsions). Morpholine is also extensively used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems. In addition, it is widely used as an intermediate in the production of delayed-action mbber accelerators. 

Cyclohexylamine is miscible with water, with which it forms an azeotrope (55.8% H2O) at 96.4°C, making it especially suitable for low pressure steam systems in which it acts as a protective film-former in addition to being a neutralizing amine. Nearly two-thirds of 1989 U.S. production of 5000 —6000 t/yr cyclohexylamine serviced this appHcation (69). Carbon dioxide corrosion is inhibited by deposition of nonwettable film on metal (70). In high pressure systems CHA is chemically more stable than morpholine [110-91-8] (71). A primary amine, CHA does not directiy generate nitrosamine upon nitrite exposure as does morpholine. CHA is used for corrosion inhibitor radiator alcohol solutions, also in paper- and metal-coating industries for moisture and oxidation protection. 

Dibenz[h,e]azepine-6,11-diones ent-Morphinan nomenclature, 1, 29 Morphinan, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-nomenclature, 1, 29 14-a-Morphinan, N-methyl-synthesis, 1, 480 Morphinans nomenclature, 1, 29 as pharmaceuticals, 1, 148 synthesis, 2, 377 Morphine, 2, 512 as analgesic, 1, 167 as metabolite of normorphine, 1, 235 as pharmaceutical, 1, 146, 147, 148 synthesis, 1, 480 Morphine alkaloids structure, 4, 534 Morphin-7-en nomenclature, 1, 29 Morphinone, dihydro-as pharmaceutical, 1, 147 Morpholine — see also 1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydrocarcinogenicity, 1, 229 corrosion inhibitor, 1, 409 metabolism, 1, 226 nomenclature, 3, 996 structure, 2, 5 synthesis, 2, 89 Morpholine, 4-aciyloyl-polymers, 1, 291 Morpholine, alkenyl-polymers, 1, 291... 

Carbon dioxide, from the decomposition in the boiler of temporary hardness salts present in some waters, causes corrosion of steel steam pipework and cast iron valves and traps. Corrosion inhibitors may be used, but the choice of inhibitor must take into account the other materials in the system. Neutralizing amines such as morpholine or cyclohexylamine are commonly used. 

In a similar study, Gray et al. (60) investigated the possible formation of N-nitrosamines in heated chicken frankfurters which been prepared with various levels of nitrite (0-156 mg/kg). As expected, apparent N-nitrosamine levels increased with increasing concentrations of nitrite, but did not exceed 4 yg/kg except for two samples which contained 8 and II yg/kg of NMOR. The presence of these relatively high levels of NMOR was confirmed by mass spectrometry and raised the question as to its mode of formation. It was shown to be due to the morpholine present in the steam entering the smokehouse, as this amine is commonly used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam process equipment ( ). The detectable levels of NMOR in the Canadian study ( ) were also attributed in part to the use of morpholine as an anti-corrosion agent in the steam supply (62). 

Uses. Solvent for resins, waxes, casein, dyes morpholine compounds used as corrosion inhibitors, insecticides, antiseptics, intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals corrosion inhibitors waxes and polishes optical brighteners... 

Diethylene and triethylene glycol (DEG and TEG) are produced as byproducts of ethylene glycol. DEG and TEG are used in polyurethane and unsaturated polyester resins and in the drying of natural gas. DEG is also used in antifreeze and in the synthesis of morpholine, a solvent, corrosion inhibitor, antioxidant, and pharmaceutical intermediate. 

Morpholine is a synthetic organic liquid used mainly as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners, as a corrosion inhibitor in steam condensate systems, as an ingredient in waxes and polishes and as a component of protective coatings on fresh fruits and vegetables. Occupational exposure may occur during the production of morpholine and in its various uses, but data on exposure levels are sparse. It has been detected in samples of foodstuffs and beverages (lARC, 1989). 

Morpholine is a solvent and intermediate for optical brighteners and rubber chemicals. It is also a corrosion inhibitor, especially in steam boiler systems. Some other uses include ... 

Morlex [Dow], TM for corrosion inhibitors. Use Steam boilers and steam -eating systems, for example, Corrosion Inhibitor A. A mixture of 91% morpholine in water. 

AI3-24289 CCRIS 6691 EINECS 203-640-0 Methylmorpholine Morpholine, 4-methyl- Morpholine, N-methyl- 4-Methylmorfolin 1-Methylmorpholine 4-Methylmorpholine N-Methylmorpholine NSC 9382 Texacat NMM UN2535. Catalyst for polyester urethane flexible foam, high rise rigid foam panels, extraction solvent stabilizer for chlorinated hydrocarbons self-polishing waxes corrosion inhibitor pharmaceuticals. Oil mp = -65° bp = 116° d = 0.9051 soluble in H2O, EtOH, Et20 LDsO (rat orl) = 1960 mg/kg. Texaco. 

OTHER COMMENTS used as a cheap solvent for resins, waxes, casein, and dyes fatty acid salts of morpholine are used as surface-active agents and emulsifiers other compounds of morpholine are useful as corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, viscosity improvers, antioxidants, insecticides, local anesthetics and antiseptics. 

Vapor phase inhibitors (VPIs), also called volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCIs), are compounds that are transported in a closed system to the site of corrosion by volatilization from a source. In boilers, volatile basic compounds such as morpholine or octadecylamine are transported with steam to prevent corrosion in condenser tubes by neutralizing acidic carbon dioxide (Boles et al. 2009). Compounds of this type inhibit corrosion by making the environment alkaline. In closed vapor spaces, such as shipping containers, volatile solids such as the nitrite, carbonate, and benzoate salts of dicyclohexylamine, cyclohexylamine, and hexamethyleneimine are used. 

Synonyms N-[3-(4-Morpholinyl) propyl] octadecanamide Octadecanamide, N-[3-(4-morpholinyl) propyl]-Classification Amidoamine Empihcal C25H50N2O2 Properties Cationic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Softener intermediate for surfactants, chem. specialties, and hair conditioners antistat in cosmetics corrosion inhibitor Trade Name Synonyms Mackine 321 [McIntyre http //www.mcintyregroup. com] Stearamidopropyl morpholine lactate CAS 55852-14-7 EINECS/ELINCS 259-860-2 Synonyms Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, compd. with N-[3-(4-morpholinyl) propyl] octadecanamide 4-[3-(Stearoylamino) propyl] morpholinium lactate... 

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Tall oil hydroxyethyl imidazoline TEA lauroyl sarcosinate Trioctyl phosphate corrosion inhibitor, thin aluminum surfaces Benzene phosphinic acid corrosion inhibitor, tinplate food packaging Dicyclohexylamine Dicyclohexylamine nitrite Morpholine... 

Morpholine and N-methyl morpholine are intermediates in the preparation of commercial chemicals such as rubber accelerators, as water and metal corrosion inhibitors, wax emulsifiers, and are also used as extraction solvents. These two cyclic amine-ether solvents are also used in the production of agricultural and pharmaceutical chemicals as well as polyurethane catalysts. 

For the conditioning of feed water, ammonia is often used in combination with morpholine morpholine acts as corrosion inhibitor and ammonia is used for adjusting pH (Fig. 9-53). Both compounds can be separated from common inorganic cations on an lonPac CS14 weak acid cation exchanger. The tailing of the morpholine peak is reduced by adding 5 % (v/v) acetonitrile to the mobile phase. 

The original design and structure of the Statue of Liberty, built about 100 years ago, took into accoimt the need to avoid using different metals in direct contact with each other. However, the salt sea spray penetrated the structure and corroded the iron frame which supported the outer copper shell. Chloride ions catalyzed the corrosion of iron. The use of brass in a steam line valve resulted in corrosion and the formation of a green solid product. The architect was apparently unaware of the standard practice to use amines such as morpholine as a corrosion inhibitor for steam lines. Amines react with copper in the brass at high temperatures in the presence of oxygen to form copper-amine complexes similar to the dark blue copper ammonium complex, Cu(NH3)J. ... 

Morpholine is also used to make detergents and corrosion inhibitors. It is also used in paper treatment and as a bactericide. Morpholine is a feedstock for the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals. 

The differing distribution ratios of the volatile amines have been used in commercial return- line corrosion inhibitors. These inhibitors are generally combinations of morpholine and cyclohexylamine blended so as to obtain the benefits of the differing distribution ratios. Amine requirements are approximately 3.6ppm morpholine (40%) or 3.0ppm cyclohexylamine (40%) per ppm of carbon dioxide to elevate the condensate pH to 7.0. 

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