Triethylene glycol

Flash point (Cleveland apen cup), C. (approx.) Freezing point, °C. 

Heat for formation (constant pressure), kcal/mal Heat of vaporization at 760 mm. Hg and 244.5 C., cal./g. 

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The reaction represented is that with hydrazine solution, produced from hydrazine sulphate and sodium acetate in the presence of aqueous alcohol. Excellent results are also obtained by interaction of the commercially available 60-64 per cent, hydrazine solution with a solution of 2 4 dinitrochloro-benzene in triethylene glycol or in diethylene glycol at about 20°. 

The following alternative method of preparation is recommended. Dissolve 50 g. of purified 2 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (1) in 100 ml. of triethylene glycol (gentle warming nia be necessary alternatively, 125 ml. of warm diethylene glycol may be used) in a 600 ml. beaker and cool, with mechanical stirring, in an ice bath to 15-18°. Place 15 ml. of commercial 60-65 per cent, hydrazine solution in a small separatory funnel supported over the beaker. Add the hydrazine solution to the stirred solution in the beaker at such a rate that the temperature is maintained between 15° and 20° (20-30 minutes). When... 

Tms (trimethylsilyl) = MejSi triglyme triethylene glycol dimethyl ether =... 

Triethylene glycol bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylhydrocinnamate) [36443-68-2]... 

Vinyl Ethers. The principal commercial vinyl ethers are methyl vinyl ether (methoxyethene, C H O) [107-25-5], ethyl vinyl ether (ethoxyethene, C HgO) [104-92-2], and butyl vinyl ether (1-ethenyloxybutane, C H 20) [111-34-2]. (See Table 8 for physical properties.) Others such as the isopropyl, isobutyl, hydroxybutyl, decyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl ethers, as well as the divinyl ethers of butanediol and of triethylene glycol, have been offered as development chemicals (see Ethers). 

Some industrial processes produce predorninately latent air conditioning loads. Others dictate very low humidities and when the dew point falls below 0°C, free2ing becomes a major concern. Dehydration equipment, using soHd sorbents such as siUca gel and activated alurnina, or Hquid sorbents such as lithium chloride brine and triethylene glycol, may be used. The process is exothermic and may require cooling the exiting air stream to meet space requirements. Heat is also required for reactivation of the sorbent material. 

Four buses converted to ethanol started operation in 1979 and the engine used was an OM 352, 6 cylinder, direct injection engine rated at 96,200 watt (129 hp). The ignition improver was -hexyl nitrate [20633-11-8] which was later changed to triethylene glycol dinitrate [111-22-8] (TEGDN). 

Triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) is an explosive plasticizer of low sensitivity that has been used in some nitroceUulose-base propellant compositions, often in combination with metriol trinitrate. Butanetriol trinitrate has been used occasionally as an explosive plasticizer coolant in propellants. Its physical properties are Hsted in Table 7. 

Trimethylolethane trinitrate (metriol trinitrate) is not satisfactory as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose, and must be used with other plasticizers such as metriol triacetate. Mixtures with nitroglycerin tend to improve the mechanical properties of double-base cast propellants at high and low temperatures. Metriol trinitrate has also been used in combination with triethylene glycol dinitrate as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose. Its physical properties are Hsted in Table 7 (118-122). 

Fig. 1. Vapor pressures of glycols at various temperatures. A, ethylene glycol B, diethylene glycol C, triethylene glycol and D, tetraethylene glycol.

Property Ethylene glycol Dieth ene glycol Triethylene glycol Tetraethylene glycol... 

Monoethylene glycol derivatives ate termed "ceUosolves" diethylene glycol derivatives, "carbitols" and triethylene glycol derivatives, triglycols. CELLOSOLVE and CARBITOL ate registered trademarks of EFnion Carbide Corp. 

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