Conoco Chemicals

Conoco Chemicals, Conoco Inc., P.O. Drawer 1267, Ponca City, OK 74601... 

Alcohols are dried and sent to a distillation train where they are separated by conventional fractional distillation. Crude alcohols are separated into C2-C%, C6-C10, C12-Cu, C16-C18, and C20 + fractions. High purity, individual homologs are prepared by redistillation of the appropriate mixture. The product alcohols are marketed as ALFOL alcohols by Conoco Chemicals. 

The alumina slurry is dried and then calcined to form a very active, high purity alumina which is marketed by Conoco Chemicals as CATAPAL alumina. Because of this unique process of manufacturing the alumina, it has a very low sodium content... 

The following fatty alcohols were used as received from Conoco Chemical Company n-decanol [C q], lauryl alcohol, LA [Cp2l tetra-decanol [C14], cetyl alcohol, CA [C g], and octadecanol [C g]. 

Two processes have been commerdalized on the basis of the oligomerization of ethylene, one by Conoco Chemical and the second by Ethyl Corporation. They differ in the distribution curve of the different alcohols formed. Whereas Conoco s Alfol alcohols range from C2 to C22 with about 55 per cent C12 or above (Fig. 9.S), the alcohol distribution of the Ethyl process is narrower and comprises 85 par cent C 2 - Tins change in the distribution curve results from the insertion of an additional stage of transalkylation by triisobutyUluminum. 

Conoco operated a stirred tank Pfaudler glass-lined reactor for the batch SO sulfonation of detergent alkylate. The plant utilized over-the-fence SO converter gas (8% SO ia dry air) having h batch cycles (264). AHied Chemical Company provided details for batch SO sulfonation (265,266)... 

The shrinkage in demand has resulted in a restmcturing of the carbon black-industry. Several of the principal multinational oil companies have left the business including Ashland, Cities Service Co., Phillips, and Conoco. Some plants have changed ownership. In the United States this has increased the production capacities of Degussa, Sid Richardson, and Huber. Today s U.S. industry consists of six principal producers. Rated capacities of the six U.S. manufacturers is shown in Table 13. Cabot Corp. and Columbian Chemicals are the leading producers, followed by Degussa, Sid Richardson, J. M. Huber Corp., and Witco. A survey of the future markets and present stmcture of the carbon black industry has been presented (1). 

Large-scale gasification reactor technology based on EF gasification from (a) General Electric (GE Texaco process) and (b) Conoco-Phillips (E-Gas). (Adapted from Meier, D. Faix, O. Fast pyrolysis A route for energy and chemicals from wood—fluidized vs. ablative pyrolysis. In Wood and Biomass Utilization for the Carbon Uptake, Seoul National University, Seoul, 2005, pp. 55-68.)... 

Conoco, Inc., Chemical Research Division, Ponca City, OK 74603... 

General Electric Plastics BASF Corporation Coatings And Inks Di vi si on Hilton Davis Co Ashland Chemical Company Reilly Tar And Chemical Corporation General Electric Company Electromaterials Department Nordson Corporation-RBX Div A11ied-S16nal Inc New Boston Coke Corporation Conoco Refinery ai d... 

Conoco operated a stirred tank Pfaudler glass-lined reactor for the batch S03 sulfonation of detergent alkylate. The plant utilized over-the-fence S03 converter gas (8% S03 in dry air) having 6-8 h batch cycles (264). Allied Chemical Company provided details for batch S03 sulfonation (265,266) and Conoco also published their procedure for S03 batch sulfonation (267). Andrew Jergens Company patented a cyclic batch sulfonation and sulfation process introducing nondiluted S03 vapors into a venturi contacter that emitted reaction product into a stirred reservoir tank where it was recycled from the reservoir vessel through a heat exchanger and back to the venturi in the cyclic loop. The unit operated in a vacuum (268). Derived color quality was unspecified. 

Finally, financial support that made it possible for many foreign speakers to participate in the symposium is most gratefiilly acknowledged. Substantial contributions were made by the following Amoco Production Company, Arco Oil and Gas Company, Conoco Inc., Consolidation Coal Company, Mobil Research and Development Corporation, Unocal Corporation, and the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund. 

In the United States the petrochemical industry set its house in order along purely capitalistic lines. Each company involved acted alone for fear of infringing antitrust legislation and the main concern was to restore profitability. Unlike Du Pont, which acquired Conoco, other chemical companies tried to get rid of their petrochemicals. Hercules sold its DMT units to Petrofina, and subsequently its 40 percent stake in Himont to Montedison, while Monsanto was shedding its Texas City petrochemical site. 

Likewise, it is because Du Pont, having spent 7.4 billion to acquire Conoco, sought to reduce its debts by selling part of Conoco s chemicals and also because Monsanto, ICI, and PPG were withdrawing from petrochemicals, that firms like Sterling Chemicals, Vista Chemical, and Cain Chemical have emerged since 1984. Cain Chemicals was itself to be taken over by Oxychem (Occidental Petroleum)... 

The company s first response led in 1981 to the acquisition of Conoco. As the oil crisis deepened, Du Pont had collaborated with Conoco in joint exploration for gas and oil. When the oil company faced an unfriendly takeover by the Bronfmans of the Canadian distilled liquor company Seagram, Du Pont acquired control. As the oil crisis eased, Conoco proved to be a profitable enterprise whose revenues helped to stabilize the earning fluctuations in the two very different industries of chemicals and petroleum. Du Pont successfully maintained profitability in both by adhering to distinctly separate sets of learning bases in each of the broad paths of learning... 

I close this review of the entry of the oil and gas companies into chemicals by merely noting the major mergers among these companies that occurred at the turn into the twenty-first century, the details of which are beyond the scope of this book. Here the strongest of the U.S. companies acquired two of their century-old rivals that failed to enter petrochemicals. In 1999 Exxon acquired Mobil. In the next year Chevron took over Texaco. Two years earlier, Chevron and Phillips merged their petrochemical units. Next, in 2002, Phillips and Conoco, the company Du Pont had acquired after its response to the oil crises of the 1970s, announced their merger and the formation of ConocoPhillips. 

The research work behind this book has been funded by many institutions and among them are worth mentioning the European Commission (DLM), the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (DLM), the ISI Eoundation (DLM, ROE), the US National Science Foundation (ROF), the US Department of Energy (ROE), theEcole Centrale Paris (ROE), and the Center for Turbulence Research at Stanford University (ROF). The constant stimulus and financial support of numerous industrial collaborators (ENI, Italy BASF, Germany BP Chemicals, USA Conoco Phillips, USA and Univation Technologies, USA) are also deeply appreciated. 

Ethyiene dichloride Conoco Dow Chemical B. F. Goodrich Shell Chemical 50-60 Dow Chemical Qxychem Formosa Plastics B. F. Goodrich 60-70... 

Chemical companies have scrambled to secure needed raw materials, and this also accounts for some of the large capital expenditures. An example was Du Font s purchase of Conoco for the oil, gas, and coal raw material the latter had. Other companies integrated backward and produced their own raw materials. Still others spent heavily to convert crude oil to petrochemical feedstocks. 

There was a period in the 1970s and 1980s when chemical companies spent more for capital expenditures, thereby increasing their long-term debt. When Du Pont bought Conoco, it was the first time in the history of the company that such long-term debt had been assumed. Du Pont had always avoided major indebtedness. CPI companies must maintain the confidence of investors and... 

Du Pont. This has been the largest American chemical company for a number of years, and is noted for its high level of expenditure on research and development. It is the world s largest producer of man-made fibres. Its Teflon (polytetralluoroethylene) is well known to the general public as the coating for non-stick cooking utensils. Since its takeover of the giant Conoco oil company in 1981, which has doubled total sales, the whole nature of the company has altered. 

Carbowax is a trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. Cellosolve is a trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. Chemcomp is a servicemark of The Dow Chemical Company. Co-Act is a servicemark of the Exxon Chemical Company. Conosol is a trademark of the Conoco Company. 

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