Connective tissue cells, culture

Fast DK, Felix R, Dowse C, Neuman WE, Fleisch H. The effects of diphospho-nates on the growth and glycolysis of connective-tissue cells in culture. Biochem J 1978 172 97-107. 

EDI), and water to produce a group of biodegradable PU foams. The interconnected pores varied in size from 10 to 2 mm in diameter. Rabbit bone-marrow stromal cells cultured on the materials for up to 30 days formed multilayers of confluent cells and were phenotypically similar to those grown on tissue culture PS. It supported the adherence and proliferation of both bone-marrow stromal cells and chondrocytes in vitro. In subdermal implants the investigators found that the material showed infiltration of both vascular cells and connective tissue. 

Li X et al (2005) Modulation of chondrocytic properties of fat-derived mesenchymal cells in co-cultures with nucleus pulposus. Connect Tissue Res 46(2) 75-82... 

Isolated animal cells in tissue culture, no matter how highly differentiated, tend to revert quickly to one of three basic types known as epitheliocytes, mechanocytes, and amebocytes. Epitheliocytes are closely adherent cells derived from epithelial tissues and thought to be related in their origins to the two surface layers of the embryonic blastula. Mechanocytes, often called fibroblasts or fibrocytes, are derived from muscle, supporting, or connective tissue. Like the amebocytes, they arise from embryonic mesenchymal tissue cells that have migrated inward from the lower side of the blastula (Chapter 32). Neurons, neuroglia, and lymphocytes are additional distinct cell types. 

Suspension Cells Blood and lymph are rather atypical connective tissues with liquid matrices. Cells from blood or lymph fluids are suspension cells, or nonanchorage dependent when grown in culture. Nonanchorage-dependent cells do not require a surface to grow on. 

Cell cultivation has been conducted within aqueous fluid droplets embedded in a non-immiscible carrier liquid. This method that was conducted in a Si-glass microchannel was used to generate monoclonal antibodies [312]. In addition, human connective tissue progenitor (CTP) cells and human bone marrow-derived cells were cultured within PDMS channels [164], Cell culture for fibroblasts has been possible even under an AC field [896],... 

Cell culture studies have shown that aldehydic products derived from ethanol metabolism and lipid peroxidation can increase collagen mRNA levels and enhance the expression of connective tissue proteins. Acetaldehyde is able to increase the production of several extracellular matrix components. Studies also show that hepatic stellate cells, which are the primary source of extracellular matrix, become readily activated under conditions involving enhanced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. 

Whereas the quatemarized ellipticines have no bactericidal activity, the nonintercalating 9-bromoellipticine is a strong bactericidal agent, which apparently causes the lysis of the bacteria. When malignant liver cell cultures are treated with elliptinium, the level of spermidine increases, apparently as a result of decreased nuclear-bound polyamines connected to RNA (796). Ellipticine inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity (797) and decreases DDT-induced tremors in rats 198). In the latter study, it was postulated that ellipticine acts directly on nerve or muscle tissue. 

Fig. 4.3. (A) Diagram of the amnion invasion assay. The invasion chamber represents a cylindrical well produced by a Teflon ring (a) to which epithelium-free amnion (b) is fastened with the aid of a viton ring (c), to face the BM side up and stromal side down. A smaller lower chamber is created by a silicone rubber ring support attached to the bottom of a 35-mm tissue culture well (d) with silicone grease, and filled with medium. The (upper) invasion chamber is placed on this support, and medium with or without additives (to be tested for invasion-blocking or stimulating ability) is added to this chamber 1 h prior to the addition of labeled cells to be tested for invasive ability. Medium is then added to the tissue culture well (d) outside these chambers to bring the fiuids inside and outside the Teflon ring to the same level (e) represents a well that includes the complete invasion chamber seeded with cells on the BM. (Reproduced from Yagel et al., 1989.) (B) (a) Human amnion. Epithelium (EP), basement membrane (BM), connective tissue stroma (ST). Haematoxylin-eosin PAS stain, (b) Denuded human amnion membrane. Basement membrane (BM), connective tissue stroma (ST), Milfipore filter (F). Haematoxylin-eosin, PAS stain. (Reproduced from Russo, 1986.)...

Histiotypic The in vitro resemblance, of cells in culture, to a tissue in form or function or both. For example, a suspension of fibroblast-like cells may secrete a glycosaminoglycan-collagen matrix and the result is a structure resembling fibrous connective tissue, which is, therefore, histiotypic. This term is not meant to be used along with the word culture . Thus, a tissue culture system demonstrating form and function typical of cells in vivo would be said to be histiotypic. 

Initial studies with mast cell cultures or granules demonstrated that mast cells appear to have several important effects on connective tissue elements. Subba Rao et al. (1983) showed that cultured rat embryonic skin fibroblasts phagocytose rat mast cell granules added to the culture medium or released by co-culmred mast cells, and that this is followed by secretion of collagenase and p-hexosaminidase. Similarly Yoffe et al. (1984) demonstrated that granules derived from mast cells purified from dog mastocytomas induced a 10- to 50-fold stimulation of collagenase production by human... 

T3 Mouse connective tissue Eibroblast Development of cell culture technique... 

The practical application of nitroxyl radicals to sensitize tissues to irradiation is connected with many difficulties. Both in a cell culture and in a living organism, nitroxyl radicals are rapidly reduced to the corresponding hydroxylamines and at the same time the sensitivity of the tumor to irradiation disappears. A full summary of data on how nitroxyl radicals influence the response of normal and tumor cells to irradiation is presented in monograph (68). 

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