Commissioning phase

The key aspect of any URS is to generate a document detailing all the GMP requirements the technical system has to fulfill. The URS is an important document for the commissioning phase as well. Often the URS provides the basis for an offer to the suppliers. A detailed URS will result in a better and more competitive offer for the technical system. While evaluating a supplier, it is important to gather as much information as possible. Without a comprehensive URS, a pharmaceutical company cannot get a clear understanding of the supplier and may be led to make a wrong decision. 

The MAGIC telescope is in commissioning phase until October 2004. For that reason, two established TeV sources such as the Crab Nebula and the blazar Mrk421, have been observed extensively, in order to assess the telescope performance such as the angular resolution, the sensitivity and the energy threshold. This report, which presents an analysis based in a restricted sub-sample of Crab Nebula and Mrk421 data, is concerned with the first observations and detections by the MAGIC telescope. 

The MAGIC Telescope is still in the commissioning phase, but data for the SPT rates are already taken. We intend to analyze these data and come up with upper limits on pulsed emission of candidate planets on the field of view of observed gamma ray sources in the next months. 

Start-up [Weber 1996] must be carefully prepared on the basis of practical experience gathered in the commissioning phase. The following preliminrary work must be done ... 

The next stage is to commission the facility. Basically, this means that facility is brought up to operational readiness, except that it is not actually processing feed, or making product. At the end of the commissioning phase, the facility is ready for start-up, as shown in Figure 18.4. 

The blowing time required is predicted by an empirical equation relating gas rate to bullion assays. Developed during the commissioning phase after trials with various gas flowrates and 02/Air ratios, this equation is now used by the operators to control the blowing time. 

The authors wish to thank the management of Pasminco Port Pirie Smelter for the permission to publish this paper. The assistance of R. Knight and J. Clark of BRM and K. Vertongen and Y. Mampey of UM throu the initial commissioning phase is also duly acknowledged. 

The surveillance programme should be developed by the operating organization sufficiently early to permit it to be properly implemented as and when plant items become operational in the commissioning phase or, where appropriate, upon installation. Implementation should be scheduled such that the safety of the plant does not depend on untested or unmonitored SSCs. 

Extensive measurements were made during the commissioning phase as well as during the 60 h trial run with regard to the shaft rotor oscillations of the turboset with the measured results compared with the precalculated values. Thus the first resonance frequency was calculated to be approximately 1700 rpm, whereas the measurement showed, that it is in the range between 1700 and 2000 rpm. The second resonance frequency was precalculated to be far above the nominal speed, which was confirmed by operation. 

Once construction starts, the appointed project manager assumes responsibility for the project on behalf of the organization and through the general contractor utilizes the architects and the electrical and mechanical consultants as appropriate for the duration of the project. On completion, a commissioning phase is entered, wherein the installed systems are checked and calibrated according to the design specifications, at which point, subject to minor deficiencies, the facility can be turned over to the owner. 

Safety showers and eye baths should be installed in suitable locations around the plant. These items are sometimes installed after plant commissioning is completed, whereas, due to the nature of commissioning, they may be most required during the commissioning phase. It is therefore... 

Arrangements for the commissioning phase shall be governed by the transitional facility agreement. Once the facility begins operation as a chemical weapons destruction facility, it shall be subject to systematic verification as provided for under Part IV(A)(c). 

Those tests comprising the start-up commissioning phase are identified in this section and discussed in detail in Section 14.2.10 of the EDCD (Reference 10.3. For each test, the dociunent presents a general description for the test objective, test prerequisites, test description and test performance criteria, where applicable. In describing a test, the operating and safety significant characteristics of the plant to be tested and evaluated are identified. 

A plant radiological access control programme will be developed in support of plant operations, during the commissioning phase, and it will be the responsibility of the Site Licensee. This will be fully supported by the vendor. 

The measures that are included in the design to provide an optimized level of radiation protection for operational states will be more than adequate for addressing the requirements for the commissioning phase (in which radiation levels are generally lower because of the lower power levels and the low buildup of radioactive material in the plant s components). 

Measures should be taken during the early commissioning phase to identify any design deficiencies, such as the shielding being inadequate to prevent streaming, so that these can be rectified before the reactor reaches full power operation. 

Assembly was finished on schedule in April 1985 and the plant was commissioned successfiilly. No principial difficulties occurred. Only minor corrections have to be carried out during the commissioning phase to adjust the components to the specified requirements. For examination of the influence of various constmctive elements on the convective losses only the cover sheets at the sides of the absorber were mounted. The bottom and top cover sheets were to be mounted later. 

This development of costs triggered dwindling political support. And an additional costs increase could already been foreseen for the nuclear commissioning phase still to come, for the financial risk-sharing contract to be agreed on by the Federal h stiy of Research and Development and the utilities for the later plant operation. The operating costs were planned to be recovered by selling the electricity. 

A cursory list of tests to be carried out in the different commissioning phases should be presented. In particular, a summary description of pre-operational and/or startup testing planned for each unique or first of a kind principal design feature should be included in the pre-operational SAR. The summary test descriptions should include the test method and test objectives. Test acceptance criteria, where appropriate, may be presented in the SAR or may be part of the detailed test procedures and referenced separately. A tentative time schedule for the test programme should be presented, with a clear identification of the tests considered prerequisites for other tests. Further discussion on matters to be covered in this section of the SAR is provided in Ref. [34]. 

Construction estimates usually take into account requirements up to completion of erection and these should include a small team of respective crafts disciplines with supervisors to work under the general direction of commissioning staff responsible for precommissioning. If such responsibility extends into the commissioning phase, it is prudent to make allowance for continuing involvement to cover remedial or rectification work as well as commissioning adjustments. Usually, a small team is required on shift (or at least available on call out) during start-Lip and initial operation of the plant. 

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