Colon cancer lymph nodes

Clinical observations have suggested that the organ environment can influence the response of tumors to therapy. For example, in women with breast cancer, lymph node and skin metastases are more sensitive to chemotherapeutic intervention than metastases in either the lung or the bone (34). Similarly, orthotopic implantation of human tumor cells from surgical specimens into nude mice has shown that colon carcinomas injected into the wall of the colon, results in more clinically relevant outcomes then subcutaneously injected colon carcinomas. Orthotopic implanta-... 

Ewing s hypothesis may explain certain patterns of metastasis observed in humans, such as the colonization of regional lymph nodes from some primary cancer in humans. There are, however, human cancers that form distant metastases in a variety of organs without any evidence of local lymph node involvement. 

Berger A.C., Sigurdson E.R., LeVoyer T., Hanlon A., Mayer R.J., Macdonald J.S., Catalano P.J., Haller D.G. (2005) Colon cancer survival associated with decreasing ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes. J Clin Oncol23, 8706-8712. 

Schumacher P., Dineen S., Barnett C., Fleming J., Anthony T. (2007) The metastatic lymph node ratio predicts survival in colon cancer. Am J Surg 194, 827-832. 

Takeuchi H, Bilchik A, Saha S, et al. c-MET expression level in primary colon cancer a predictor of tumor invasion and lymph node metastases. Cfin Cancer Res 2003 9 1480-88. 

Women with or at risk for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer should begin annual endometrial biopsy starting at age 35. To include examination for cancers of the mouth, thyroid, testicles, skin, lymph nodes, and ovaries, as well as health counseling about tobacco, sun exposure, diet and nutrition, risk factors, sexual practices, and environmental and occupational exposures. From The American Cancer Society. ... 

Radiographic imaging studies evaluate the extent of disease involvement. A chest x-ray should be performed to rule out the presence of metastatic spread to the lungs. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is often performed to evaluate hepatic and retroperitoneal involvement and occult abdominal and pelvic disease, and to determine the depth of tumor penetration into the bowel wall and/or invasion to adjacent organs. Detection of lymph node involvement with either smdy is limited by the difficulty of distinguishing inflammatory or reactive lymph nodes from those infiltrated with tumor. Because CT scans may not adequately detect peritoneal seeding, small distant lymph node metastasis, or liver metastasis in colon cancer, an occasional patient may... 

Adjuvant chemotherapy is standard therapy for patients with stage in colon cancer. The presence of lymph node involvement with tumor places patients with stage El colon cancer at high risk for relapse, and the risk of death within 5 years of surgical resection alone is as high as 70%. In this population of patients, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly decreases risk of cancer recurrence and death and is considered standard of care. 

Trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer Intrathoracic lymph node cancer Colon cancer... 

Chemokine Receptors Involved in Colon Cancer Progression, and Lymph Node Metastasis... 

Kawada, K., Hosogi, H., Sonoshita, M., et al. 2007. Chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes colon cancer metastasis to lymph nodes. Oncogene. 26 4679-4688. 

Oberg, A., Stenling, R., Tavelin, B., and Lindmark, G., Are lymph node micrometastases of any clinical significance in Dukes Stages A and B colorectal cancer Dis. Colon Rectum 41, 1244-1249 (1998). 

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