Coatings on poly

Other related contributions deal with bioactive calcium phosphate coatings on poly(urethane) (Ciobanu, Ignat and Luca, 2009 Barnes et al., 2011), 3D-porous... 

H. Low and Y. Xu. Moisture barrier of alxoy coating on poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene naphthalate) and poly(carbonate) substrates. App/. Surf. ScL, 250(1-4) 135-145, August 2005. 

Polymer surfaces are modified by plasma techniques for interfacial enhancement [4-10], Au, Ag, Pd, Cu and Ni were coated on poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) by barrel technique [11]. Coating of A1 alloys on PET was compared with Ti layer under A1 alloys [12]. Thin Aluminum oxide coatings have been deposited on various uncoated papers, polymer-coated papers and plain polymer films using atomic layer deposition technique [13]. The isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and A1 composite is widely used as television cable electromagnetic shielding materials [14], The reflection of infrared light depends on geometry of the surface of alumi-... 

Scratchproof coatings on poly(methyl methacrylate) can be produced by application of a 50 50 mixture of poly(silicic acid) and poly(tetrafluoro-ethylene-co-hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether). It is not known why coatings as scratchproof as glass can be produced in this manner. 

Fabbri, R Singh, B. Leterrier, Y. Manson, J.-AE. Messori, M. Pilati, F. (2006). Cohesive and Adhesive Properties of Polycaprolactone/Sihca Hybrid Coatings on Poly(methyl methacrylate) Substrates. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 200, No. 24, (November 2005), pp. 6706-6712, ISSN 0257-8972... 

Nitrogen Adsorption. Book of Standards Volume 09.01. Pennsylvania ASTM International Azuta K. Tadanaga K., Minami T. Water and oxygen permeability of silica thin films contaiiting organic polymers coated on poly (ethylene terephtalate) by the sol-gel method. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 1999 107 293-296... 

I., Vinogradov, A.M., Stewart, P.S., Ratner, B.D. et al. (2005) Ultrasonically controlled release of ciprofloxacin from self-assembled coatings on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm prevention. Aniirtdcrdh. Agents Chemother., 49, 4272—4279. 

Giancaterina, S., Ben Amor, S., Baud, G., et al. Photoprotective ceramic coatings on poly (ether ether ketone). Polymer 43, 6397-6405 (2002)... 

Membranes and Osmosis. Membranes based on PEI can be used for the dehydration of organic solvents such as 2-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and toluene (451), and for concentrating seawater (452—454). On exposure to ultrasound waves, aqueous PEI salt solutions and brominated poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) form stable emulsions from which it is possible to cast membranes in which submicrometer capsules of the salt solution ate embedded (455). The rate of release of the salt solution can be altered by surface—active substances. In membranes, PEI can act as a proton source in the generation of a photocurrent (456). The formation of a PEI coating on ion-exchange membranes modifies the transport properties and results in permanent selectivity of the membrane (457). The electrochemical testing of salts (458) is another possible appHcation of PEI. 

In fluorescent lamps, phosphors are coated on the inside of the lamp tube using a slurry containing the powder and a Hquid which is either poured down through the tube, up-flushed, or in some cases the tubes are filled and then drained. Because of concerns over having volatile organic solvents in the air, the hquid medium containing the powder is usually water with an added agent, a thickener, to increase the viscosity of the suspension, such as poly(methacryhc... 

Vinylidene Chloride Copolymer Latex. Vinyhdene chloride polymers are often made in emulsion, but usuaUy are isolated, dried, and used as conventional resins. Stable latices have been prepared and can be used direcdy for coatings (171—176). The principal apphcations for these materials are as barrier coatings on paper products and, more recently, on plastic films. The heat-seal characteristics of VDC copolymer coatings are equaUy valuable in many apphcations. They are also used as binders for paints and nonwoven fabrics (177). The use of special VDC copolymer latices for barrier laminating adhesives is growing, and the use of vinyhdene chloride copolymers in flame-resistant carpet backing is weU known (178—181). VDC latices can also be used to coat poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles to retain carbon dioxide (182). 

Copolymers of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride have been used for many years to produce films of low gas permeability, often as a coating on another material. Styrene-acrylonitrile with styrene as the predominant free monomer (SAN polymers) has also been available for a long time. In the 1970s materials were produced which aimed to provide a compromise between the very low gas permeability of poly(vinylidene chloride) and poly(acrylonitrile) with the processability of polystyrene or SAN polymers (discussed more fully in Chapter 16). These became known as nitrile resins. 

The study of acid-base interaction is an important branch of interfacial science. These interactions are widely exploited in several practical applications such as adhesion and adsorption processes. Most of the current studies in this area are based on calorimetric studies or wetting measurements or peel test measurements. While these studies have been instrumental in the understanding of these interfacial interactions, to a certain extent the interpretation of the results of these studies has been largely empirical. The recent advances in the theory and experiments of contact mechanics could be potentially employed to better understand and measure the molecular level acid-base interactions. One of the following two experimental procedures could be utilized (1) Polymers with different levels of acidic and basic chemical constitution can be coated on to elastomeric caps, as described in Section 4.2.1, and the adhesion between these layers can be measured using the JKR technique and Eqs. 11 or 30 as appropriate. For example, poly(p-amino styrene) and poly(p-hydroxy carbonyl styrene) can be coated on to PDMS-ox, and be used as acidic and basic surfaces, respectively, to study the acid-base interactions. (2) Another approach is to graft acidic or basic macromers onto a weakly crosslinked polyisoprene or polybutadiene elastomeric networks, and use these elastomeric networks in the JKR studies as described in Section 4.2.1. 

Protein mixtures were well resolved on poly(aspartic acid)-silica columns using 0.05 mol/1 phosphate buffer, pH 6.0 and a gradient of sodium chloride from 0 to 0.6 mol/1. The columns displayed a high capacity and selectivity. Figure 3 shows the separation of several standard proteins with isoelectric points ranging from 4.7 to over 11. Peaks are sharp and show minimal tailing. The poly(aspartic acid) coating was quite stable the columns lasted for hundreds of hours of use without decrease in efficiency and capacity. 

F. la-c. Cyclic voltammograms of dissolved and stance confined ferrcx ne in a< tonitrile/0.1 M TBAP. a. 4 X 10 M dissolved ferrocene at Pt. b. 4-ferrocenyl-phenylacetamid monolayer bound to Pt (ref. ). c. Poly-vinylferrocene dip coated on Pt,r = 1 x lO raolcm. Straight arrows indicate diffusional events. Curved arrows electron transfer events (from ref. ). 

Electrophoresis measurements provide a qualitative indication of the assembly of polymer multilayers on colloids [49,50], The -potential as a function of polyelectrolyte layer number for negatively charged polystyrene (PS) particles coated with poly(diallyldimethylam-monium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) are displayed in Figure... 

The most important approach was to use poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, in formulations, either as a particulate filler or as a coating on zinc oxide particles (Jendresen Phillips, 1969 Jendresen et al., 1969 Civjan et al., 1972). It is claimed that such materials can be used for permanent as well as temporary cementation. 

Superheated water at 100°-240 °C, with its obvious benefits of low cost and low toxicity, was proposed as a solvent for reversed-phase chromatography.59 Hydrophobic compounds such as parabens, sulfonamides, and barbiturates were separated rapidly on poly(styrene-divinyl benzene) and graphitic phases. Elution of simple aromatic compounds with acetonitrile-water heated at 30°-130 °C was studied on coupled colums of zirconia coated with polybutadiene and carbon.60 The retention order on the polybutadiene phase is essentially uncorrelated to that on the carbon phase, so adjusting the temperature of one of the columns allows the resolution of critical pairs of... 

A PRP -1 (Hamilton Reno, NV) reversed phase column was coated with cetylpyridinium and eluted with tetramethylammonium salicylate acetoni-trile water.89 The separation was comparable to that observed on conventional ion exchange. Coated phases were also used to separate oxalate complexes of manganese, cobalt, copper, and zinc.90 Reversed phase silica supports were coated with poly(N-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide), poly(dimethydiallylammonium chloride), poly(hexamethyleneguanidinium... 

Third, a poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene] has been coated on porous alumina particles, surface nitrated, reduced to the amino-derivative, and then coupled to the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or trypsin by means of glutaric dialdehyde. The immobilized enzymes were more stable than their counterparts in solution, and they could be used in continuous flow enzyme reactor equipment (25). 

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