Calcium phosphate coating

D. Ferro, S.M. Barinov, J.V. Rau, R. Teghil, A. Latini, Calcium phosphate and fluorinated calcium phosphate coatings on titanium deposited by Nd YAG laser at a high fluence, Biomaterials 26 (2005) 805-812. 

Ducheyne P, Beight J, Cuckler J, Evans B, Radin S (1990) Effect of calcium phosphate coating characteristics on early post-operative bone tissue ingrowth. Biomaterials 11(8) 531-540... 

Campbell AA, Fryxell GE, Linehan JC, Graff GL (1996) Surface-induced mineralization a new method for producing calcium phosphate coatings. J Biomed Mater Res 32(1) 111-118... 

Figure 9.43 Raman spectra of plasma sprayed calcium phosphate coating shows the difference in hydroxyapatite content by comparing intensity of the OH stretching band at (a) near substrate (b) in the middle and (c) near the surface of the coating layer.

Leon, B. and Jansen, J.A. (2009) Thin Calcium Phosphate Coatings for Medical Implants, Springer, New York. ISBN ... 

The timeline of basic steps occurring at a bioconductive interface during osseointegration of an implant in the presence of an osseoconductive calcium phosphate coatings can be summarised as follows ... 

Proteins such as rhBMP can be incorporated into calcium phosphate layers when biomimetically co-precipitated with the inorganic components (Liu et al., 2004). For example, rhBMP-2 (0.1-10pgml-1) retains its osseoinductive potential when incorporated into the crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite in a dose-dependent manner as ascertained by protein blot staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive osseogenicity of rhBMP-2 was assessed quantitatively by monitoring ALP activity (see Section 7.10.3.1) on rat BMSCs grown directly on the calcium phosphate coatings. 

Liu, Y., Hunziker, E.B., Randall, N.X., de Groot, I<., and Layrolle, P. (2003) Proteins incorporated into biomimetically prepared calcium phosphate coatings modulate their mechanical strength and dissolution rate. Biomaterials, 24 (1), 65-70. 

Electrochemical methods applied to deposit calcium phosphate coatings require an electrical conductor as a substrate as well as post-depositional heat treatment (Abe, Kokubo and Yamamuro, 1990). Hence, they are not well suited to coat non-conducting ceramics and heat sensitive polymers. 

Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Coatings Deposited on Various Substrates... 

Other related contributions deal with bioactive calcium phosphate coatings on poly(urethane) (Ciobanu, Ignat and Luca, 2009 Barnes et al., 2011), 3D-porous... 

The electrodeposition of calcium phosphate coatings was first proposed by Shirkhanzadeh (1991, 1995). Advantages of the ECD include low temperature processing and close control of the coating thickness. As shown in Figure 5.7, the technique uses a three-electrode arrangement immersed in an electrolyte... 

Figure 5.10 Changes of calcium (a) and phosphorus (b) concentrations during immersion of electrochemically deposited calcium phosphate coatings in DMEM solution ([Ca]0 = 1.80 mmol Table 7.8) for up to 28 days. (After Drevet and Benhayoune (2012).)...

Table 5.2 Electrochemical parameters obtained by potentiodynamic measurements of calcium phosphate coatings deposited on Mg alloy.

Figure 5.14 Microstructure of calcium phosphate coatings deposited from a solution containing 0.7 mmol CaCI2 and 0.3 mmol Ca(H2P04)2 by the thermal substrate technique. (a) Monetite (DCPA, pH 4, 150°C,...

Luo, Cui and Li (1999) addressed the problem of temperature sensitivity of IBAD of ACPs and their subsequent crystallisation forming hydroxyapatite. Post-depositional annealing temperatures were decreased to 400 °C. The crystallisation of calcium phosphate coating is a hydroxyl ion diffusion-controlled process, thought to be the mechanism responsible for the decrease of the crystallisation temperature. The detailed study of the crystallisation process of calcium phosphate coatings shows that the crystallinity of the hydroxyapatite coating can be well controlled by adjusting the post-heat-treatment time. 

Abdel-Aal, E.A., Dietrich, D., Steinhauser, S., Wielage, B. (2008) Electrocrystallization of nanocrystallite calcium phosphate coatings on titanium substrate at different current densities. nSurf. Coat. Technol., 202 (24), 5895-5900. 

Arias, J.L., Mayor, M.B., Pou, J., Leng, Y., Leon, B., and Perez-Amor, M. (2003) Micro- and nano-testing of calcium phosphate coatings produced by pulsed laser deposition. Biomaterials, 24, 3403-3408. 

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