Ciprofloxacin analysis

Reference Substances and Spectra for Pharmaceutical Analysis 1185 Tab. 54 Uncertainty of the assigned value of ciprofloxacin HCl CRS 2... 

Gmuender, H., Kuratli, K., Di Padova, K., Gray, C. P., Keck, W., and Evers, S. (2001). Gene expression changes triggered by exposure of Haemophilus influenzae to novobiocin or ciprofloxacin combined transcription and translation analysis. Genome Res. 11, 28-42. 

Kaniga K, Flamm R, Tong SY, Lee M, Friedland I, Redman R. (2010) Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-P-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant enterobacteriaceae Analysis of sixphase 3 chnical studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54 2119-2124. 

Physical examination elderly man is not in acute distress. His oral temperature is 31.TC (100.1°F) blood pressure is 110/70 and heart rate is 90/minute. His prostate gland was enlarged and very tender, consistent with acute prostatitis. His routine blood work and liver function test findings were within normal limits. A urine sample was sent for analysis and cultures ciprofloxacin 750 mg twice a day was started. 

Ferrero L, Cameron B, Crouzet J Analysis of gyrA and grIA mutations in stepwise-selected ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995 39 1554. [PMID 7492103]... 

Fig. 2 Chromatograms obtained in the analysis of (a) a soil crude extract spiked with 0.5 pg g-1 of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), (b) non-spiked soil extract, and (c) a standard solution of 0.5 pg g 1 of CIP prepared in methanol [43]...

Fig. 3 Chromatograms obtained in the analysis of a soil sample extract spiked with 0.1 pg g 1 of the selected fluoroquinolones (a) with and (b) without performing MISPE. Peak assignment 1 = enoxacin (ENO), 2 = norfloxacin (NOR), 3 = ciprofloxacin (CIP), 4 = danofloxacin (DAN), 5 = enrofloxacin (ENR) [43]...

A lead compound bearing a ferrocenyl moiety at position N(l) was identified. This derivative is more active than Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline. The activity is remarkably constant regardless of the level of resistance to CQ of the strains. Contrary to other antibiotics, no delayed-death effect was noted. Isobologram analysis showed that this compound exerts an antagonist effect with the main quinoline-containing antimalarials. In vitro results have to be confirmed in vivo to check the bioavailability of the molecule and its potential interest as a new antimalarial [113],... 

TLC has been used for the impurity analysis of ciprofloxacin, diclofenac, chlor-promazine, trifluoropromazine, doxepine, alprazolam, omeprazole, pantoprazole, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline [35 1] other examples can be found in the work of Ferenczi-Fodor et al. [42],... 

Achilles tendon rupture without any sudden pain occurred in a 45-year-old female runner who developed bilateral tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon after repeated treatment with ciprofloxacin histological analysis showed cystic changes with focal necrosis (50). 

In a retrospective analysis there were no chnically important differences in the safety profile of ciprofloxacin in patients aged under or over 65 years (65). The incidence of drug-related adverse events was higher in those under 65 years (25%) than in those aged 65 years or more (17%) the most common adverse events affected the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. 

Postnikov SS, Nazhimov VP, Semykin Sin, Kapranov NI. [Comparative morphological analysis of the articnlar cartilage, epiphyseal plate, spongy bone, and synovial membrane of the knee joint in children treated and not treated with ciprofloxacin.]Antibiot Khimioter 2000 45(11) 9-13. 

Heyd A, Haverstock D. Retrospective analysis of the safety profile of oral and intravenous ciprofloxacin in a geriatric population. Clin Ther 2000 22(10) 1239-50. 

If analysis of the frequency of adverse events is based on prescription event monitoring (PEM), the rates of adverse events are usually substantially lower. In one study, over 11 000 patients taking each antibiotic were monitored (19). Among the fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin were used. Adverse events resulted in withdrawal of norfloxacin or ofloxacin in under 1% of patients (19). 

In a retrospective database analysis 25 cases of torsade de pointes associated with ciprofloxacin (n = 2), ofloxacin (n = 2), levofloxacin (n = 13), and gatifloxacin (n = 8) were identified in the USA (28). Ciprofloxacin was associated with a significantly lower rate of torsade de pointes (0.3 cases/10 million prescriptions) than levofloxacin (5.4/10 million) or gatifloxacin (27/10 million). When the analysis was limited to the first 16 months after initial approval of the drug, the rates for levofloxacin (16/10 million) and gatifloxacin (27/10 million) were similar. 

A 38-year-old woman, who works as an administrative assistant for a large company, opened a package and found a suspicious white powder. Analysis of the powder indicates that it contained traces of the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The woman was treated with ciprofloxacin, an effective antibiotic. Ciprofloxacin s mechanism of action is best described as an inhibition of which of the following ... 

A polyurethane was synthesised from 1,6-hexane diisocyanate, polycaprolactone diol and a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ciprofloxacin and characterised by size exclusion chromatography and elemental analysis. The PU was incubated in a solution of an inflanunatoiy cell-derived enzyme, cholesterol esterase or phosphate buffer for 30 days at 37C and its biodegradability determined by HPLC, mass spectroscopy and Carbon 14 radiolabel release. Analysis of the solution revealed that ciprofloxacin was released and able to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 53 refs. 

Krol, G.J. Beck, G.W. Benham, T. HPLC analysis of ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin metabolites in body Quids. J.Pharm.Biomed.Anal., 1996, 14, 181—190... 

Tarbin, J.A. lyier, D.J. Shearer, G. Analysis of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in bovine and porcine muscle by high-performance liquid chromatography following cation exchange clean-up. Food Addit.Contam., 1992, 9, 345—350... 

Barbate, F. Morrica, P. Seccia, S. Ventriglia, M. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of quinolone antibacterial agents. Farmaco, 1994, 49, 407-410 [simultaneous cinoxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oxolinic acid, pefloxacin, piromidic acid]... 

A 45-year-old Japanese woman with multiple sclerosis taking tizanidine 3 mg daily had a reduction in blood pressure (from 124/88 to 102/74 mniHg) and heart rate (from 86 to 58 bpm) shortly after starting to take ciprofloxacin 400 mg daily. After 2 days she complained of drowsiness and her blood pressure was 92/54 mmHg. Retrospective analysis revealed 8 patients who had received tizanidine and ciprofloxacin concurrently. In these patients, the mean reduction in blood pressure on starting ciprofloxacin was 21.3/15.4 mmHg, and the heart rate reduction was 14.9 bpm. Adverse effects attributable to tizanidine occurred in three of the patients. ... 

A number of groups are employing Mossbauer spectroscopy as a structural analysis tool. This includes groups lead by Lorenzo Pellerito. As noted before, little of this work is associated with polymers. Work related to polymers will be briefly reviewed in this chapter. Before we move to polymers, the work of Pellerito and co-workers will be discussed because of the structural similarities of the compounds studied by then to the ciprofloxacin products described in this chapter. 

The analysis of the Mbssbauer spectra of the three diorganotin(IV) ciprofloxacinate complexes allowed the calculation of the Mossbauer parameters, isomer shifts, 8, and quadrupole splittings, lA I, reported in Table 12.5. Each complex showed the occurrence of a characteristic two doublets spectrum. This indicates that two different tin(fV) environments exist in the organotin polymers. The values of Mossbauer... 

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