Antibiotics fluoroquinolone

Kim EJ, Kim KS, Shin WH. Electrophysiological safety of DW-286a, a novel fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent. Hum Exp Toxicol 2005 24 19-25. 

Hartmann A, Alder AC, Koller T, Widmer RM (1998) Identification of fluoroquinolone antibiotics as the main source of umuC genotoxicity in native hospital wastewater. Environ... 

Factors that may decrease theophylline clearance and lead to reduced dosage requirements include advanced age, bacterial or viral pneumonia, heart failure, liver dysfunction, hypoxemia from acute decompensation, and use of drugs such as cimetidine, macrolides, and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. 

Wang P, He Y-L, Huang C-H (2010) Oxidation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics and structurally related amines by chlorine dioxide reaction kinetics, product and pathway evaluation. Water Res 44 5989-5998... 

Seifrtova M, Pena A, Lino CM et al (2008) Determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in hospital and municipal wastewaters in Coimbra by liquid chromatography with a monolithic column and fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 391 799-805... 

Nakata H, Kannan K, Jones PD (2005) Determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in wastewater effluents by liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. Chemosphere 58 759-766... 

Pena A, Chmielova D, Lino CM, Solicit P (2007) Determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in surface waters from Mondego River by high performance liquid chromatography using a monolithic column. J Sep Sci 30 2924-2928... 

The continued evolution of the class is exemplified by the recent report of the ability of a variant of AAC(6 )-Ib, AAC(6 )-Ib-cr, to modify the synthetic fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin (Scheme 3.2.). ° Substrate plasticity may be a general hallmark of the GNAT class and this could help to explain the plethora of these genes in clinical strains and in bacterial chromosomes alike. 

Substrates Inhibitors Inducers CYP1A2 Acetaminophen, caffeine, clozapine, imipramine, theophylline, propranolol Most fluoroquinolone antibiotics, fluvoxamine, cimetidine Tobacco smoking, charcoal-broiled foods, cruciferous vegetables, omeprazole... 

Most of the fluoroquinolones antibiotics (see Chapter 44) have activity against M. tuberculosis and M. avium-intracellulare. Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin inhibit 90% of the strains of susceptible tubercula bacilli at concentrations of less than 2 xg/mL. Levofloxacin is preferred because it is the active L-optical isomer of ofloxacin and is approved for once-daily use. The... 

In recent years antibiotics residues have accumulated in different environmental compartments. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are strongly adsorbed by soil, and therefore their extraction requires exhaustive procedures, leading to complex extracts due to coextraction. Despite this the authors succeeded in selectively detecting the fluoroquinolones from crude soil extracts directly injected onto an MIP HPLC column and using UV detection [Fig. 2 (Fig. 6 of the original)]. Recoveries close to 100% were obtained for five fluoroquinolones. The analysis time was only a few minutes, so this method was found suitable for screening soil samples for the presence of fluoroquinolones. The individual fluoroquinolones were not resolved on the column. 

Fig. 2 Chromatograms obtained in the analysis of (a) a soil crude extract spiked with 0.5 pg g-1 of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), (b) non-spiked soil extract, and (c) a standard solution of 0.5 pg g 1 of CIP prepared in methanol [43]...

Khaliq Y, Zhanel GG. Musculoskeletal injury associated with fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Clin Plast Surg. 2005 32 495-502. 

The fluoroquinolone subclass of antibiotics is inspired by nalidixic acid (A.35), an older antibiotic commonly used for urinary tract infections (Figure A.10). Depending on the type of infection, fluoroquinolones inhibit DNA gyrase and/or topoisomerase IV. Both enzymes are vital for DNA replication and bacterial reproduction. Both ciprofloxacin (Cipro, A.36) and levofloxacin (Levaquin, A.37) are examples of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin received national attention in the United States in 2001. Ciprofloxacin was used to treat many anthrax-infected patients after letters containing anthrax spores were sent through the U.S. postal service. 

Wang, Z., Y. Zhu, S. Ding, et al. 2007. Development of a monoclonal antibody-based broad-specificity ELISA for fluoroquinolone antibiotics in foods and molecular modeling studies of cross-reactive compounds. Anal. Chem. 79 4471 4483. 

Pinacho, D.G., F. Sanchez-Baeza, and M.P. Marco. 2009. Development of a class selective indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. J. Agric. Food Chem. submitted. 

Garifallou, G.Z., G. Tsekenis, F. Davis, et al. 2007. Labeless immunosensor assay for fluoroquinolone antibiotics based upon an AC impedance protocol. Anal. Lett. 40 1412-1422. 

Merino G, Alvarez Al, Pulido MM, et al. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ ABCG2) transports fluoroquinolone antibiotics and affects their oral availability, pharmacokinetics, and milk secretion. Drug Metab Dispos 2006 34 690-695. 

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