Cinnamomum species

Simmer some cinnamon Cinnamomum species) bark in 2 cups of water then add 1 tsp. of elder flowers or berries to make a warming tea on chilly days. 

Camphor oils with a high safrole content can also be obtained by steam distillation from other Cinnamomum species (see sassafras oils). 

Baruah, A., Nath, S.C. and Boissya, C.L. (2000) Systematics and diversities of Cinnamomum species used as tejpat in Northeast India. Journal of Economic and Faxonomic Botany 41, 361-374. 

Kya, P. and Min, N.C. (1970) Studies on some local Cinnamomum species. Union Burma Journal of fife Sciences, 3 1 97-204. 

The following new sources of alkaloids have been reported Anona muricata, which yielded reticuline 65 Cinnamomum species, from which cinnamolaurine (36 R1 = Me, R2 + R3 = CH2,R4 = H), (+ )-reticuline(37 R = H), and a new... 

Cinnamaldehyde (sin-uh-MAL-duh-hide) is also known as cinnamic aldehyde 3-phenyl-2-propenal cinnamyl aldehyde phenylalacrolein cinnamal and trans-cinnamaldehyde. It is a yellowish oily, liquid with a sweet taste and a cinnamish odor responsible for the characteristic taste and odor of cinnamon spice. It occurs naturally in the bark of the cinnamon tree, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, which is native to Sri Lanka and India, and has been cultivated in other parts of the world, such as Brazil, Jamaica, and Mauritius. Cinnamaldehyde is also found in other members of the the Cinnamomum species, including cassia and camphor. 

This oil is produced from C. camphora Sieb. wood in China and Taiwan. Many chemotypes and also varieties from Cinnamomum species exist, but the true camphor oil is meant. This oil is rarely adulterated because of the cheap price but, fractioned and enriched in camphor up to 90%, is used to mix up camphor containing oils like rosemary, Spanish sage, and spike lavender. Smallest traces of safrole (a carcinogenic compound) shows the use of C. camphora higher boiling fractions. 

Maridass, M. and Victor, B. 2008. Ethnobotanical uses of Cinnamomum species, Tamil Nadu, India. Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 12 150-155. 

Brown E, Coomes TJ, Islip HT, Matthews WSA 1954 Oils of Cinnamomum species from Sarawak as a source of safrole. Colonial Plant Anim Prod(London) 4 239... 

Jantan B, Moharam BAK, Santhanam J et al (2008) Correlation between chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essentitil oils of eight Cinnamomum species. Pharm Biol 46 406-412... 

Caryophyllidae are an interesting source of oligosaccharides and peptides with potential anti-inflammatory and/or immunomodulating effect. These polar compounds might for instance explain the fact that the fresh juice expressed from Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) inhibits carrageenan-induced edema in rodent. Note that the seeds of Gomphrena species inhibit the formation of IL-6 by osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E10) without cytotoxicity in vitro. Such property could be useful for the treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis, infection, and cancer. In the Lauraceae, trans-cinnamal-dehyde from Cinnamomum cassia (Lauraceae, order Laurales) inhibits in vitro the... 

Cinnamomum cassia, a species of cinnamon related to that found in Herbal Blend, inhibits complement-dependent allergic reaction by reducing immunological hemolysis, chemotactic migration of neutrophils, and the generation of chemotactic factors by mast cells in response to complement-activated serum.9... 

Cinnamomum eamphora (Linne) Nees et Ebermaier, family Lauraceae. The plant grows well in Japan, China, Formosa, India, Burma and Malaysia. Camphor also occurs in certain species of Artemisia, (Compositae) chrysanthemum (compositae), Salvia (Labiatae), Ocimum (Labiatae), Lavander (Labiatae), Pinus (Pinaceae). It is also present in Rosemarinus officinalis (Labiatae), Aristolochia indica (Aristolochi-aceae), Blumea balsamifera (Camphreaceae), Prunella vulgaris Labiatae), Cinnamomum ganduliferum (Lauraceae) etc (38-55) ... 

Cinnamon and its close relative, cassia, are among the earliest, most popular spices used by mankind. The genus Cinnamomum (family Lauraceae) consists of 250 species of trees and shrubs distributed in Southeast Asia, China and Australia. In India, it is represented by 26 species, of which 12 each are reported from North-east and South India. The true cinnamon, Cinnamomum verum syn. C. zeylanicum, is a native of Sri Lanka and South India. Cassia cinnamon is derived from different sources, such as Chinese cassia (C. cassia syn. C. aromatica) from China and Vietnam, Indonesian cassia (C. burmannii) from Sumatra and the Java region and Indian cassia (C. tamala) from the north-eastern region of India and Myanmar (Burma) (Baruah and Nath, 2004). 

Phytochemical studies of cinnamon and related species are restricted mainly to the volatile oil and its constituents. Recently, the chemical composition of the essential oils of a few rare species has been researched and new aroma sources have been identified. The chemistry of the genus Cinnamomum is interesting, as there exist several chemo-types within a species. So far, except for C. cassia, very little attention has been paid to the non-volatiles of the genus. This is an area worth exploring. 

Cinnamomum Saigonicum Bark Undetermined species of cinnamon China... 

The phenylpropanoids rrans-anethole (61) and rran -cinnamaldehyde (62) are used as flavoring agents in foods in the United States and some other countries [20]. tranj-Cinnamaldehyde (62) Avas isolated from Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira (Lauraceae) as a sweet principle, while tra/w-anethole (61) was isolated as the volatile oil constituent responsible for the sweet taste of several plant species, as listed in Table 1 [92]. These two compounds occur widely in the plant kingdom. Therefore, it is necessary to rule out their presence in any candidate sweet plant by a dereplication procedure in a natural product sweetener discovery program using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) [46,47]. 

Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon), a species containing numerous flavonic derivatives (epicatechol, epicatechol-O-glucoside and dicyclic-O-glucosides), has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its analgesic, antipyretic and tonic properties [90]. The aqueous extract showed an effect comparable to cimetidine, a potent antisecretory agent, preventing the ulceration induced by stress and cold, and contrarily to cimetidine, it inhibited the ulceration induced by serotonin. It also reduced the secretion of acid and pepsin and increased the mucosal blood flow. Similar gastroprotective results were obtained in other experimental models, such as in the lesions induced by phenylbutazone and oral administration of ethanol. 

Several species of Cinnamomum are commonly traded under the name "cinnamon" (Leung and Foster 1996). 

Among these preparations are a few, which have found their way into Western pharmacology. These include extracts from the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora), from hemp (Cannabis sativa), from various Rauwolfia species (e.g. reserpine), from ginseng (Panax quiti-quefolium and Panax schinseng) and from Ma-huang (Ephedra sinica). 

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