Aristolochia indica

The roots of Aristolochia indica, commonly known as an Indian birthwort, are reputedly used in Indian folk medicine as an emmenagogue and as an abor-tifacient. Aristolochic acid and its methyl ester, sesquiterpene (12S)-7,12-secoishwaran-12-ol, isolated from this plant, possessed significant antifertility activity in mice (103-105). 

Cinnamomum eamphora (Linne) Nees et Ebermaier, family Lauraceae. The plant grows well in Japan, China, Formosa, India, Burma and Malaysia. Camphor also occurs in certain species of Artemisia, (Compositae) chrysanthemum (compositae), Salvia (Labiatae), Ocimum (Labiatae), Lavander (Labiatae), Pinus (Pinaceae). It is also present in Rosemarinus officinalis (Labiatae), Aristolochia indica (Aristolochi-aceae), Blumea balsamifera (Camphreaceae), Prunella vulgaris Labiatae), Cinnamomum ganduliferum (Lauraceae) etc (38-55) ... 

Aristolochic acid (60), aristolochic acid-D (61), and aristolactam-/3-D-glucoside (62), reported by earlier workers, have been re-isolated from Aristolochia indica (Aristolochiaceae). Of greater interest, five phenanthrene derivatives, (63)—(67), were also found in the plant. Compound (65) was labelled aristolamide, (66) is aristolinic acid methyl ester, and (67) is methyl aristolochate.71... 

A new type of. seco-ishwarane alcohol (724) has been identified in the roots of Aristolochia indica.326 This compound, which co-occurs with (+)-ledol (725), has antifertility properties when tested on mice. Its structure was deduced on the basis of spectral analysis together with its correlation with a derivative of ishwarane (726). A full report on the synthesis of ishwarone (727) has been presented.327... 

Aristolochic acid-D methyl ester lactam (76) Aristolochia indica L. " ... 

Aristolactam (74) Aristolochia debilis Sieb. et Zucc. Aristolochia indica... 

C.5H24, Mr 204.36, oil, bp. 80-82 C (133 Pa), [a]o -40° CHCI3). Example of the small group of tetracyclic sesquiterpenes, first isolated from the roots of the Indian birthwort (Aristolochia indica, Aristolochia-ceae). The plant also contains ishwarol (C,sH240, Mr 220.35). 

Ishwarane (20) and ishwarone (25) are two novel tetracyclic sesquiterpenes which have been isolated from Aristolochia indica Linn, and other tropical plants a synthesis of ishwarane was reported by Kelly and his co-workers in 1971. Kelly and Alward have now effected an improved synthesis of the hydrocarbon, which... 

Ishwaranes represent 7-11/10-12-bicycloeremophilanes. These rare tetracyclic sesquiterpenes are found in Aristolochiaceae, for example ishwarane itself and ish-waranol in the roots of Aristolochia indica and 3-ishwaranone from Aristolochia debilis. 

C.-T. Che, M.S. Ahmed, S.S. Kang, D.P. Waller, A.S. Bingel, A. Martin, P. Rajamehendran, N. Bunypraphatsara, G.A.Cordell D.D. Soejarto, R.O.B. Wijesekera and H.H.S. Fong, Studies on Aristolochia III. Isolation and biological evaluation of constituents from Aristolochia indica roots for potential fertility-regulating activity, J. Nat. Prod., 47 (1984) 331-341. 

Five phenanthrene derivatives, 9-13, have recently been found in Aristolochia indica. Compound 11 was labeled aristolamide, 12 is aristolinic acid methyl ester, and 13 is methyl aristolochate. All five must be of aporphinoidal origin. ... 

Che C T, Cordell G A, Fung H H S 1983 Aristolindquinone - A new naphthoquinone from Aristolochia indica L. (Aristolochiaceae). Tetrahedron Lett 24 1333-1336... 

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