Cinnamomum cassia

Cinnamomum cassia B/um (Lauraceae) is the so-caUed cassia. It is native to southeastern China and has not been grown successfuUy outside of this area. The dried bark of this evergreen tree is stripped, ground, and sold almost exclusively in China. The leaves and twigs of the tree contain the same flavor components as the bark and are steam distUled to yield the cassia oil of commerce. Infrequently, smaU amounts of bark are bundled and exported as cassia lignea but caimot compete with the other varieties as bark spice. The Chinese prefer to seU the essential oil. 

Phenyl-2-propenal [104-55-2], also referred to as cinnamaldehyde, is a pale yeUowHquid with a warm, sweet, spicy odor and pungent taste reminiscent of cinnamon. It is found naturally in the essential oils of Chinese cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia, Blume) (75—90%) and Ceylon cinnamon Cinnamomum lanicum, Nees) (60—75%) as the primary component in the steam distilled oils (27). It also occurs in many other essential oils at lower levels. 

Phenyl-2-propen-l-ol [104-54-1], commonly referred to as cinnamyl alcohol, is a colorless crystalline soHd with a sweet balsamic odor that is reminiscent of hyacinth. Its occurrence in nature is widespread as, for example, in Hyacinth absolute (Hyacinthus orientalis) (42), the leaf and bark oils of cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum lancium, etc), and Guava fmit [Psidiumguajava L.) (43). In many cases it is also encountered as the ester or in a bound form as the glucoside. 

Caryophyllidae are an interesting source of oligosaccharides and peptides with potential anti-inflammatory and/or immunomodulating effect. These polar compounds might for instance explain the fact that the fresh juice expressed from Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) inhibits carrageenan-induced edema in rodent. Note that the seeds of Gomphrena species inhibit the formation of IL-6 by osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E10) without cytotoxicity in vitro. Such property could be useful for the treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis, infection, and cancer. In the Lauraceae, trans-cinnamal-dehyde from Cinnamomum cassia (Lauraceae, order Laurales) inhibits in vitro the... 

Cinnamomum cassia (Laur.) Cinnamomum cassia (Laur.)... 

Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamomum cassia) is a potent inducer of apoptosis via ROS generation, thereby inducing mitochondrial permeability, depletion of intracellular thiols, activation of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation [364]. Farnesol was also found to initiate apoptotic cell death [312, 318, 365], while other studies showed that dietary administration of cinnamaldehyde significantly inhibited pulmonary tumorigenesis in mice [366]. 

Cinnamomum cassia Presl. China Cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, cinnamic acid, eugenol, phellandrene, phenylpropyl alcohol, coumarin, orthomethylcoumaric aldehyde.33-49 Antibacterial, vasodilatation, aromatic stomachic, astringent, tonic, analgesic, stimulant. 

Cinnamomum cassia, Cnidium monnieri, Kaempferia galanga, Mentha arvensis, M. haplocalyx Scutellaria baicalensis, S. macrantha, S. lateriflora... 

Aletris farinas a, Dioscorea opposita, Solanum nigrum Cinnamomum cassia Ferula assa-foetida... 

Anethum graveoleus, Angelica archangelica, Apium graveolens, Carum carvi, Cinnamomum cassia, Conyza canadensis, Erigeron canadensis, Hyssopus officinalis, Juniperus communis, J. sabina, J. sabina,... 

Angelica archangelica, Cinnamomum cassia Lycium barbarum, L. pallidum, Physalis alkekengi... 

Cassia Cinnamomum cassia (Lauraceae) dried bark, or leaves and twigs 1-2 cinnamaldehyde (70-90) 2-methoxycinnamal-dehyde (12) flavour, carminative known as cinnamon oil in USA... 

Cinnamomum cassia, a species of cinnamon related to that found in Herbal Blend, inhibits complement-dependent allergic reaction by reducing immunological hemolysis, chemotactic migration of neutrophils, and the generation of chemotactic factors by mast cells in response to complement-activated serum.9... 

Nagai, H., Shimazawa, T., Matsuura, N., and Koda, A. Immunopharmacological studies of the aqueous extract of Cinnamomum cassia (CCAq). I. Anti-allergic action. Jpn J Pharmacol, 32(5), 813-822, 1982. 

Cassia Cinnamomum cassia (L.) Presl Stem, bark China, Indonesia, South Vietnam... 

Table 7.6. Physico-chemical properties of Cinnamomum cassia oil. ...

Krishnamoorthy B., Zachariah, T.J., Rema, J. and Mathew, P.A. (1999). Evaluation of selected Chinese cassia (Cinnamomum cassia Blume) accessions for chemical quality. Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops 8(2), 1 93-1 95. 

Lee, H.S. (2002) Inhibitory activity of Cinnamomum cassia bark derived component against rat lens aldose reductase. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, 226-230. 

Lee, H.S. and Ahn, Y.J. (1998) Growth inhibiting effects of Cinnamomum cassia bark derived materials on human intestinal bacteria. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46, 8-12. 

Lockwood, C.B. (1979) The major constituents of the essential oils of Cinnamomum cassia Blume growing in Nigeria. Planta Medica 36(4), 380-381. 

Miyamura, M., Nohara, T., Tomimatsu, T. and Nishioka, I. (1 983) Seven aromatic compounds from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia. Phytochemistry 22, 215-218. 

Shiraga, Y., Okano, K., Akira,T., Fukaya, C., Yokoyama, K.,Tanaka, S., Fukui, H. andTabata, M. (1988) Structures of potent antiulcerogenic compounds from Cinnamomum cassia. Tetrahedron 44, 4703-4711. 

Cassia Oil occurs as a yellow or brown liquid having the characteristic odor and taste of cassia cinnamon. It is the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves and twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Fam. Lauraceae), rectified by distillation, and consisting mainly of cinnamic aldehyde. Upon aging or exposure to air it darkens and thickens. It is soluble in glacial acetic acid and in alcohol. 

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