Chromatography phosphorus-nitrogen detector

Other detectors in use include the thermal conductivity detector (TCD) and the phosphorus-nitrogen detector (PND) which is much used in toxicology because of its selectivity for nitrogen-containing compounds. It is a feature of gas-liquid chromatography that spectrophotometric detectors can be coupled readily to the outflow for detection this includes IR, NMR and, particularly, mass spectrometers, in combined GC-MS analysers. Spectroscopic analysis allows structural information to be... 

EC = electrical conductivity detector ECD = electron capture detector FPD = flame photometric detector GC = gas chromatography HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography NPD = nitrogen phosphorus detector TID = thermionic detector UV = ultraviolet spectroscopy... 

AFID = alkali flame ionization detector ECD = Electron capture detection EPA = Environmental Protection Agency FPD = flame photometric detection GC = gas chromatography GPC = gel permeation chromatography HRGC = high resolution gas chromatography NPD = nitrogen- phosphorus detection SPE = solid phase extraction device... 

Analytical techniques GC, gas chromatography coupled with various detectors ECD, electron capture detector ELCD, electrolytic conductivity detector FID, flame ionization detector MS, mass spectrometry NPD, nitrogen phosphorus detector and PID, photoionization detector LC, liquid chromatography with UV detector or fluorescence detector. 

Kataoka, H., Nishioka, S., Kobayashi, M., Hanaoka, T., and Tsugane, S. 2002. Analysis of mutagenic heterocyclic amines in cooked food samples hy gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 69 682-689. 

For multi-analyte and/or multi-matrix methods, it is not possible to validate a method for all combinations of analyte, concentration and type of sample matrix that may be encountered in subsequent use of the method. On the other hand, the standards EN1528 andEN 12393 consist of a range of old multi-residue methods. The working principles of these methods are accepted not only in Europe, but all over the world. Most often these methods are based on extractions with acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate or n-hexane. Subsequent cleanup steps are based on solvent partition steps and size exclusion or adsorption chromatography on Florisil, silica gel or alumina. Each solvent and each cleanup step has been successfully applied to hundreds of pesticides and tested in countless method validation studies. The selectivity and sensitivity of GC combined with electron capture, nitrogen-phosphorus, flame photometric or mass spectrometric detectors for a large number of pesticides are acceptable. 

Hewlett-Packard Model 6890 equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorus flame ionization detector Capillary column for gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), DB-1, 0.53-mm i.d. x 15 m, l-pm film thickness (J W Scientific)... 

Gas chromatograph, equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector Glass chromatography column, 19 x 300 mm with Teflon stopcock Glass wool (Pyrex)... 

Acrylonitrile in both biological and environmental samples is most commonly determined by gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector (GC/NPD) (Page 1985), gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) (EPA 1982a), or gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) (Anderson and Harland 1980). Infrared spectroscopy (Jacobs and Syrjala... 

GC = gas chromatography MS = mass spectrometry NPD = nitrogen-phosphorus detector. 

At the City of Lincoln, Nebraska, Water Treatment Plant Laboratory, the concentrations of various agricultural chemicals found in the raw water, especially herbicides (such as atra-zine) in the water, are important to determine. The method of choice is a gas chromatography method with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD). 

The main analytical technique for pesticides is gas chromatography using a variety of detectors such as electron capture for halogenated compounds, thermionic for compounds containing either phosphorus or nitrogen, and flame photometric for compounds containing sulphur or phosphorus. 

One advantage of gas chromatography is the availability of detectors which respond specifically to certain types of compound. The best known are the electron capture detector for chlorine compounds and the flame photometric detector for nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. If one wants to detect very small molecules such as water or CSj, the standard flame ionisation detector must be replaced by a thermal conductivity detector. 

Other gas chromatography detectors electron capture halogens, conjugated C=0, —C=N, -N02 nitrogen-phosphorus highlights R N flame photometer individual selected elements, such as R S, Sn, Pb photoionization aromatics, unsaturated compounds... 

The most general purpose detector for open tubular chromatography is a mass spectrometer. Flame ionization is probably the most popular detector, but it mainly responds to hydrocarbons and Table 24-5 shows that it is not as sensitive as electron capture, nitrogen-phosphorus, or chemiluminescence detectors. The flame ionization detector requires the sample to contain SlO ppm of each analyte for split injection. The thermal conductivity detector responds to all classes of compounds, but it is not sensitive enough for high-resolution, narrow-bore, open tubular columns. 

Note TLC, thin-layer chromatography HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography GLC or GC, gas-liquid chromatography AA, atomic adsorption NPD, nitrogen phosphorus detector FPD, flame photometric detector GC/MS, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 

Barrio et al. [137] used pyrolysis-gas chromatography to study organic matter evolution in sewage sludge-amended soils. Nitrogen-phosphorus specific flame ionisation and mass spectrometric detectors were used. 

J. Libeer, S. Scharpe, et al., Simultaneous determination of p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminohippuric acid in serum and urine by capillary gas chromatography with use of a nitrogen-phosphorus detector, Clin. Chim. Acta, 775 119-123 (1981). 

---