Chemical marketing

The values of raw materials and products can be found in trade journals such as Chemical Marketing Reporter (Schnell Publishing Company) and European Chemical News (Reed Business Publishing... 

ECMRA. See European Chemical Marketing Research Association. 

The product secondary alcohols from paraffin oxidation are converted to ethylene oxide adducts (alcohol ethoxylates) which are marketed by Japan Catalytic Chemical and BP Chemicals as SOFTANOL secondary alcohol ethoxylates. Union Carbide Chemical markets ethoxylated derivatives of the materials ia the United States under the TERGlTOL trademark (23). 

Chemical Marketing Keporter Journal of Plastic Film and Sheeting Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering... 

Unit sales prices of from 800 to 900 fine chemicals are fisted weekly in the Chemical Marketing Reporter. This number reflects those fine chemicals produced and sold in industrial quantities. Some market studies on fine chemicals, fisting important product families, such as side chains for P-lactam antibiotics (qv). A/- and A-heterocycfic compounds, fluoroaromatics, etc, do exist (14,15). 

Butanediol. 1,4-Butanediol [110-63-4] made from formaldehyde and acetylene, is a significant market for formaldehyde representing 11% of its demand (115). It is used to produce tetrahydrofuran (THF), which is used for polyurethane elastomers y-butyrolactone, which is used to make various pyrroHdinone derivatives poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), which is an engineering plastic and polyurethanes. Formaldehyde growth in the acetylenic chemicals market is threatened by alternative processes to produce 1,4-butanediol not requiring formaldehyde as a raw material (140) (see Acetylene-derived chemicals). 

Acetylene is used primarily as a raw material for the synthesis of a variety of organic chemicals (see AcETYLENE-DERiVED CHEMICALS). In the United States, this accounts for about 80% of acetylene usage and most of the remainder is used for metal welding or cutting. The chemical markets for acetylene are shrinking as ways are found to substitute lower cost olefins and paraffins for the acetylene, with some products now completely derived from olefinic starting materials. Metalworking appHcations, however, have held up better than chemical uses. 

The principal chemical markets for acetylene at present are its uses in the preparation of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, and 1,4-butanediol. Polymers from these monomers reach the consumer in the form of surface coatings (paints, films, sheets, or textiles), containers, pipe, electrical wire insulation, adhesives, and many other products which total biUions of kg. The acetylene routes to these monomers were once dominant but have been largely displaced by newer processes based on olefinic starting materials. 

In 1984, acetylene production received a significant influx with the increase of capacity at the Borden Co. plant in Geismar, Louisiana. This influx provided an additional 33,000 t/yr, which were absorbed by the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and acetylenic chemicals market. Acetylene demand has... 

Methodology. Practitioners of chemical market research develop iadividual styles and techniques. However, four elements are essential to every useful study defining the problem, data gathering, analysis of data, and presentation of findings. 

Mail surveys are rarely used ia chemical market research studies. However, they can be useful if the right conditions prevail. Eor example, if only a few questions requiring simple answers are needed from a large number (>500) of respondents, a properly designed mail questioimaire usually generates an... 

There are seminars and short courses on the methodology of chemical market research. Reference 4 is a useful primer, but there is no substitute for actual fieldwork experience, facing varying degrees of suspicion by the respondents, to hone the practitioner s skills. 

Analysis of Data. A veteran practitioner of chemical market research likened this step to the assembly of a jigsaw puzzle. There are many pieces of unequal size and importance that must be put together to make a picture understandable to everyone. Call reports, secondary data inputs, experience, and judgment are the tools used by the market researcher to analyze the data, reach conclusions, make recommendations, and write the report. 

Market research in the U.S. chemical industry began to be formalized as early as 1940. In 1945, the Chemical Market Research Association (CMRA) was formed with 75 members. In mid-1965, it was renamed and became the Chemical Marketing Research Association to reflect the broadened function of its members. In 1990, the CMRA was again renamed and is now the Chemical Management and Resources Association and has about 1000 members. 

In West Europe, a similar pattern of evolution began ia the 1960s with informal meetings and was formalized ia 1967 when the European Chemical Marketing Research Association (ECMRA) became a division of the European Association for Industrial Marketing (EVAE). EVAE was later renamed the Eederation of European Marketing Research Association (EEMRA) and has about 500 members of which about 300 are ECMRA members. 

In Asia, the Asian Chemical Marketing Research Association (ACMRA) was organized ia 1987 and has about 30 members as of this writing. 

Chemical Profiles Phosphoms," Chemical Marketing Reporter, Schnell Publishing Co., Inc, New York, 1964—1995. 

OPD Chemical Buyer s Directory 77, Chemical Marketing Reporter, New York, 1990. 

J. R. Semmgurd, "A New Future for Old Tires—Recycle," presented at the Chemical Marketing Eesearch Association, Oct. 1994. 

Chemical Market Associates, Inc., CMAl Monomers Market Keport 1994, Houston, Tex. 

E. A. Knaggs, "The Role of the Independent Surfactant Manufacturer iu Tertiary Oil Recovery", paper presented at MCS Chemical Marketing and... 

Houston Chemical, Marketing Economics Division, Houston, Tex., Mar. 27, 1980. 

S. E. Ro E, American Chemical S odety Chemical Marketing Economic Dir. Sjmposium (NY.), American Chemical Society, Washiagton, D.C., 1976, p. 29. 

Calcium Hypochlorite. This chemical, marketed since 1928, is one of the most widely used swimming-pool water sanitizers. Calcium hypochlorite, a crystalline sofld, is a convenient source of available chlorine and is sold in granular or tablet form for use in home, semiprivate, and commercial pools. When dissolved in water, Ca(OCl)2 forms hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion similar to NaOCl. It contains small amounts of stabilizing Ca(OH)2, which has a very small effect on pool pH (7). Calcium hypochlorite has superior storage stabiUty and much higher available CI2 concentration than Hquid bleach, which reduces storage requirements and purchasing frequency. 

W. M. Meylan and P. H. Howard, Chemical Market Input] Ouput Analysis of Selected Chemical Substances to Assess Sources of Environmental Contamination ... 

Petrochemical Keport, SRI International, Palo Alto, Calif., 1989 1989 World Benzene Analysis, Chemical Marketing Association, Inc., Houston, Tex., 1989 1990—91 Toluene IKjlenes Jlnnml, DeWitt Co., Houston, Tex., 1990. 

Raw material costs should be estimated by direct computation from flow rates and material prices. The flow rates are deterrnined from flow sheet material balances. The unit prices are obtained from vendors, company purchasing departments, or the Chemical Marketing Reporter. For captive raw materials produced internally, a suitable transfer price must be estabHshed. Initial catalyst charges can be treated as a start-up expense, working capital component, or depreciable capital, depending on the expected catalyst life and cost. Makeup catalyst is frequendy treated as a raw material. 

Chemical Market Associates Inc. (CMAI), 1989 World Eight Olefins Mnalysis, Houston, Tex., Aug. 1989. 

The Chemical Marketing Reporter tabulates the current list price for many chemicals. These prices, like off the cuff estimates from vendors, tend to be conservative. The European Chemical News also publishes chemical prices for many places in the world. These prices are sometimes better to use for raw materials. 

Petrochemicals in general are compounds and polymers derived directly or indirectly from petroleum and used in the chemical market. Among the major petrochemical products are plastics, synthetic fibers, synthetic ruhher, detergents, and nitrogen fertilizers. Many other important chemical industries such as paints, adhesives, aerosols, insecticides, and pharmaceuticals may involve one or more petrochemical products within their manufacturing steps. 

ASQC American Society for Quality CMRA Chemical Marketing Research... 

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