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Cationic surfactants alkyl betaine

A broad range of information pertaining to the toxicity of several classes of surfactants including anionic (linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkylether sulfates (AES), alkyl sulfates (AS), non-ionic (alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO)), cationic (ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DTDMAC)—a group of quaternary ammonium salts of distearyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC)) and amphoteric surfactants (alkyl-betaines) is available. Several reviews of the scientific literature have been published [3-5,20]. [Pg.857]

The solubihty characteristics of sodium acyl isethionates allow them to be used in synthetic detergent (syndet) bars. Complex blends of an isethionate and various soaps, free fatty acids, and small amounts of other surfactants reportedly are essentially nonirritant skin cleansers (66). As a rule, the more detersive surfactants, for example alkyl sulfates, a-olefin sulfonates, and alkylaryl sulfonates, are used in limited amounts in skin cleansers. Most skin cleansers are compounded to leave an emollient residue on the skin after rinsing with water. Free fatty acids, alkyl betaines, and some compatible cationic or quaternary compounds have been found to be especially useful. A mildly acidic environment on the skin helps control the growth of resident microbial species. Detergent-based skin cleansers can be formulated with abrasives to remove scaly or hard-to-remove materials from the skin. [Pg.299]

These are surfactants containing both cationic and anionic groups. The most common amphoterics are the A-alkyl betaines, which are derivatives of trimethyl-glycine, (CH3)3NCH2COOH (which was described as betaine). An example of a betaine surfactant is laurylamido-propyldimethylbetaine, Ci2H25CON(CH3)2CH2COOH. [Pg.505]

Amphoteric surfactants. These compounds have the characteristics of both anionic detergents and cationic fabric softeners. They tend to work best at neutral pH, and are found in shampoos, skin cleaners, and carpet shampoos. They are very stable in strong acidic conditions and are favorably used with hydrofluoric acid. For example, compounds of alkyl-betain or alkylsulfobetaine type possess both anionic and cationic groups in the same molecule even in aqueous solution. These surfactants are rarely employed in laundry detergents because of their high costs [3, 4]. [Pg.143]

Since alkyl betaines may exist as either zwitte-rionic or cationic surfactants, depending on the pH, their critical micelle concentration shows a complicated behaviour. The CMCs of alkyl betaines are significantly higher in dilute acid solutions than in dilute alkaline solutions because at low pH the surfactant is at least partly in the cationic form (43-45). As the concentration of HCl increases, the amount of the cationic form in solution increases and the resulting CMC of the zwitte-rionic/cationic surfactant mixture increases because the value of the cationic form is higher than that of the... [Pg.362]

Amphoteric surfactants are divided into two groups based on their response to pH. One class of compounds that contain carboxylated imidazoles and A-alkyl betaines are zwitterionic at pHs at, and above, their isoelectric points and cationic at lower pHs. Sulfobetaines and phosphobetaines, on the other hand, exhibit zwitterionic characteristics as the anionic portion is dissociated at all pHs. Although the former are the major ingredients in many baby shampoos or those products that provide mildness, they also function as foam and viscosity enhancers when utilized as secondary surfactants, having good water solubility over a wide pH range. ° ... [Pg.157]

Alkyl betaines may be considered homologues of betaine, for example, trimethyl ammonium acetate. They are prepared by condensation of an alkyl dimethylamine with sodinm chloroacetate (Figure 12.8). Commercial betaines are usually 30% active products containing 6% sodium chloride, which is a by-product of the reaction. Depending on the pH, the alkyl betaines can be cationic or anionic surfactants. [Pg.231]

Amphoteric surfactants by definition are chimeric, exhibiting anionic character in alkaline solution, nonionic character near their isoelectric point, and cationic character in acidic solution [73]. As a result of their complex charge characteristics, their interactions with interfaces must be examined iudividually and as a function of pH. For example, the adsorption of alkyl betaines firom solution onto wool keratin is much greater at acidic than alkalide pH values. Although amphoteric surfactants are used extensively to improve the cosmetic attributes of many consmner products [74], their interactions with skin have received little attention. [Pg.444]

It is well-known that combinations of betaine and quaternaries only provide conditioning effects in the presence of anionic surfactants. Neither alkyl polyglycosides on their own nor the addition of betaine leads to any reduction in wet combability. However, in combination with cationic substances, alkyl polygly-... [Pg.57]

Besides, in the hydrophobic part, a surfactant may have homologous chains and positional isomers for example, cocoamidopropyl betaine may contain alkyl chains with a carbon pair number from 8 to 18, the majority being those with a carbon number of 12 and 14. Aromatic groups are usually bonded in alkyl chain, like in alkylphenols (nonionic) or alkyl-benzenesulfonates (anionic). Also, the hydrophilic part may contain oligomers of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. In this article, cationic polymers have been included as a subclass of cationic surfactant based on the classification made by Richmond (1990), although many authors consider this polymer to be another ingredient of cosmetic products. Another subclass, quaternary ammonium compounds (four alkyl chains around a nitrogen atom) will be frequently mentioned components. [Pg.292]

Fig. 2.5.12. APCI-FIA-MS(+) overview spectra of industrial surfactant blends used as pure blends or mixtures in the examination of ionisation interferences, (a) C13-AE, (b) cationic (alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium quat) surfactant, (c) amphoteric C12-alkylamido betaine, and (d) non-ionic FADA all recorded from methanolic solutions. [Pg.182]

Surfactants Ionic, anionic (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulphate, Cj2H250S03 Na ), cationic (e.g., cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, Ci,H33-N+(CH3)3C1-), zwitterionic [e.g., 3-dimethyldodecylamine propane sulphonate (betaine CJ2H25-N" (CH3)2-CH2-CH2-CH2-S03)], nonionic, alcohol ethoxylates C H2 +i-0-(CH2-CH2-0) -H, alkyl phenol ethoxylates C H2 +i-CgH4-0-(CH2-CH2-0) -H, amine oxides (e.g., decyl dimethyl amine oxide, C10H21-N ( 113)2 0), and amine ethoxylates. [Pg.139]

U.S. 5514369 (1996) Salka etal. (Henkel) Alkyl poly glycosides, betain, and polymeric slip agents Mild to skin and eyes more efficient deposition of antidandruff agents anionic surfactant free compatible with cationic materials such as conditioners and colorants... [Pg.402]

Polefka, in a patent assigned to Colgate, utilized cocamidopropyl betaine as a cationic-compatible surfactant in the preparation of another anti-plaque composition utilizing bisbiguanide as an antimicrobial active (115). Similar plaque control claims are made by Michaels, who describes a composition based on a blend of Cio-Cig alkyl A-sulfobetaine and Cio-Cig alkyl A,A-dihydroxylethylamine oxide (116). [Pg.369]

Owing to their compatibility with cationic biocides, amphoteric and amine oxide surfactants continue to be used widely in the development and formulation of disinfectants and sanitizers for personal care, household, industrial, and institutional markets. For instance, substituted imidazoline amphoteric surfactants, in combination with didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, have been found to display unexpected synergistic irritation reduction compared to formulas with alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides [57]. Also, imidazoline derivatives and betaines are known to impart moderate cleansing without causing skin roughness, stickiness, or irritating reactions with cationic disinfectants [58], Amphoteric surfactants are also suitable for use in antimicrobial medications requiring subcutaneous, cutaneous, or mucosal membrane administration [36]. [Pg.296]


See other pages where Cationic surfactants alkyl betaine is mentioned: [Pg.163]    [Pg.259]    [Pg.259]    [Pg.243]    [Pg.739]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.362]    [Pg.396]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.158]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.482]    [Pg.324]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.297]    [Pg.306]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.311]    [Pg.435]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.365]    [Pg.241]    [Pg.51]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.287]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.25 ]




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Alkyl betaines

Alkyl cation

Alkyl surfactants

Alkylated surfactants

Betain

Betaine

Cation betaine surfactant

Surfactants betaine

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