Distearyl ammonium chloride

A broad range of information pertaining to the toxicity of several classes of surfactants including anionic (linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkylether sulfates (AES), alkyl sulfates (AS), non-ionic (alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO)), cationic (ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DTDMAC)—a group of quaternary ammonium salts of distearyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC)) and amphoteric surfactants (alkyl-betaines) is available. Several reviews of the scientific literature have been published [3-5,20]. 

Okawara and coworkers (Ref. 10) first attempted to use phase transfer catalysis to modify a finely dispersed poly(vinyl chloride) powder in aqueous medium using nucleophiles such as azide, dithiocarbamate, or thiophenoxide ions in the presence of tetrabutyl ammonium salts. While a maximum conversion of 10% was obtained with the first two nucleophiles, thiophenoxide afforded a 30% conversion. Although the authors indicate that the reaction took place only at the surface of the polymer particles, the fairly high conversion obtained with thiophenoxide might suggest otherwise. A second report from the same laboratory (Ref. 11) focuses on reactions of poly(vinyl chloride) solutions with sodium azide in the presence of various catalysts. As expected, the reaction is strongly catalyzed by cationic surfactants such as dimethyl distearyl ammonium chloride or tetrabutyl ammonium chloride which both afford essentially complete conversion to the azido polymer. In contrast, tetrabutyl ammonium iodide is totally ineffective. 

CTAB, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide STAC, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride DSDMAC, distearyl dimethyl chloride. 

Figure 3.2 shows typical cationic softener structures, for example, A,A-distearyl-A,iV-dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC). Cationic softeners have the best sofmess and are reasonably durable to laundering. They can be applied by exhaustion to all fibres from a high liquor to goods ratio bath and they provide a hydrophobic surface and poor rewetting properties, because their hydrophobic groups are oriented away from the fibre surface They are usually not compatible with anionic products (precipitation of insoluble adducts). 

Certain positively charged ion-exchangers can be used for anion-selective electrodes. Charged metal salts of appropriately substituted orthophenanthrolines— M(o-phen)3 —result in good electrodes for nitrate, fluoroborate, or perchlorate by forming ion-association complexes with these anions. The CIO " electrode, in particular, has few interferences and perchlorate is a difficult ion to measure by almost any other method. A dimethyl-distearyl-ammonium ion, R N, can be used as an ion-exchanger in an electrode that has fair selectivity for chloride. 

Distearyidimethylamine dimerate. See Distearyidimethylamine dilinoleate Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. See Distearyidimonium chloride Distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate. See Distearyidimonium methosulfate... 

Distearyidimonium chloride CAS 107-64-2 EINECS/ELINCS 203-508-2 Synonyms Ammonium, dimethyidioctadecyl-, chloride Dimethyidioctadecylammonium chloride N,N-Dimethyl-N-octadecyl-1-octadecanaminium chloride Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride Octadecanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-octadecyl-, chloride Quaternium-5 Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical CssHsoN Cl Properties Paste m.w. 586.52 m.p. 36-44 C cationic... 

There are several drawbacks to use of softeners. Repeated use of softeners may cause reduced water absorbency of garments (particularly with distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride). Softeners may also reduce the effectiveness of anionic fluorescent brighteners [2]. They may impart a greasy feel, and may stain fabrics when overdosed or too thick. Softeners can also reduce the effectiveness of flame retardancy agents on fabrics. 

Fatty amines with alkyl chains from C8 to C22 are used as raw materials for this type of cationics. Alkylamines with two long alkyl chains and one methyl group in the molecule are of significant interest. The first commercially available cationic surfactant distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC), which was introduced in 1949 as a fabric softener (Figure 20.5), belongs to this group. 

In order to modify the surface features, the zeolites can be treated with long chain type surfactants, such as hexa-decyl-tri-methyl-ammonium chloride (HDTMA), stearyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride (SDMBA) and distearyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (DSDMA). As a result, they have been found to replace inorganic cations like Na" and Ca from the external surface of zeolites [8, 61]. Moreover, surface modification of synthetic zeolites A, X, Y and the natural zeolite, Clinoptilolite has been reported to occur by action of cationic surfactants (viz., HDTMA chloride, SDMBA chloride and DSDMA chloride) on the surface of the zeolites [8, 43, 62]. 

Chem. Descrip. Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in isopropanol Ionic Nature Cationic Chem. Analysis 3% max. ash... 

Chem. Descrip. Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride... 

N,N-Distearyl-N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine Ditallowamidoethyl hydroxypropylmonium methosulfate Ditallow dimonium chloride 5-Dodecyl salicylaldoxime Ethyl hydroxymethyl oleyl oxazoline... 

Bishydroxyethyl dihydroxyethyl stearaminium chloride Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-lauric acid-amidopropyl-N-(3-sulfopropyli-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-myristyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-palmityl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-stearyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-tallow-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Distearyl-N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine Quaternium-18 methosulfate... 

Ammonium decyl sulfate Ammonium lauryl sulfate Cocamidopropylamine oxide Cocodimethylammonium-3-sulfopropylbetaine Cocoyl sarcosine C10-12 pareth-5 C12-14 pareth-9 C12-16 pareth-1 C12-16 pareth-2 C12-16 pareth-3 C12-16 pareth-5 C12-16 pareth-6 C12-16 pareth-7 C12-16 pareth-8 C12-16 pareth-11 DEA-lauryl sulfate Disodium deceth-6 sulfosuccinate Disodium myristamido MEA-sulfosuccinate lsodeceth-6 Lauramidopropyl PEG-dimonium chloride phosphate Lauroampho PEG-glycinate phosphate Magnesium lauryl sulfate Myristoyl sarcosine Sodium cocoamphoacetate Sodium cocoyl sarcosinate Sodium Cl2-15 pareth sulfate Sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate Sodium myristyl sulfate Sodium trideceth sulfate Stearoyl sarcosine TEA-lauryl sulfate Trideceth-10 foam builder, thickeners N,N-Dimethyl-N-lauric acid-amidopropyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-myristyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-palmityl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-stearyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-tallow-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Distearyl-N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine foam builder, toothpaste Magnesium lauryl sulfate TEA-lauryl sulfate foam builder, topical cleansers Trideceth-7 carboxylic acid foam builder, upholstery shampoo DEA-lauryl sulfate Magnesium lauryl sulfate Sodium caproamphoacetate Sodium cocoamphoacetate TEA-lauryl sulfate... 

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