Calcium naphthalene

Optically active l-halo-l-mefhyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropanes 61 are used as probes to investigate the mechanisms of calcium reduction [39]. Treatment of 61 with calcium biphenyl (Ca(BPh)2) or calcium naphthalene (Ca(NPh)2) then addition of CO2 gives a mixture of cyclopropane derivative 62 and the corresponding carboxylic acid 63 (Scheme 4.17). Walborsky and Hamdouchi have provided evidence showing that these reactions occur by single electron transfer to yield free radicals... 

Fig. 6.92 Viscosity of cement pastes (w/c = 0.40) with plasticizers added a to the mixing water, b at various time after mixing, (according to [374]) 1—melamine resin, 2—calcium naphthalene sulphonate, 3—sodium lignosulphonate + phosphate ester, 4—sodium lignosulphonate -r sulpho-nated naphthalene (traces), T—no admixture...

Uses Surfactant in cosmetics binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods antioxidant, stabilizer for food-grade polymers RegiMory FDA 21CFR 172.863,178.2010 Canada DSL ManufJDistrib. Somerset Cosmetic Co. Variati Calcium naphthalene sulfonate... 

Naphthalenesulfonic Acid. The sulfonation of naphthalene with excess 96 wt % sulfuric acid at < 80°C gives > 85 wt % 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (a-acid) the balance is mainly the 2-isomer (P-acid). An older German commercial process is based on the reaction of naphthalene with 96 wt % sulfuric acid at 20—50°C (13). The product can be used unpurifted to make dyestuff intermediates by nitration or can be sulfonated further. The sodium salt of 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is required, for example, for the conversion of 1-naphthalenol (1-naphthol) by caustic fusion. In this case, the excess sulfuric acid first is separated by the addition of lime and is filtered to remove the insoluble calcium sulfate the filtrate is treated with sodium carbonate to precipitate calcium carbonate and leave the sodium l-naphthalenesulfonate/7J(9-/4-J7 in solution. The dry salt then is recovered, typically, by spray-drying the solution. 

H-acid, l-hydroxy-3,6,8-ttisulfonic acid, which is one of the most important letter acids, is prepared as naphthalene is sulfonated with sulfuric acid to ttisulfonic acid. The product is then nitrated and neutralized with lime to produce the calcium salt of l-nitronaphthalene-3,6,8-ttisulfonic acid, which is then reduced to T-acid (Koch acid) with Fe and HCl modem processes use continuous catalytical hydrogenation with Ni catalyst. Hydrogenation has been performed in aqueous medium in the presence of Raney nickel or Raney Ni—Fe catalyst with a low catalyst consumption and better yield (51). Fusion of the T-acid with sodium hydroxide and neutralization with sulfuric acid yields H-acid. Azo dyes such as Direct Blue 15 [2429-74-5] (17) and Acid... 

Naphthoic acid has been prepared principally by the hydrolj sis of d-naphthonitriled the overall yields from (3-naph-thylamine, from sodinm-/3-naphthalene sulfonate, and from calcium d-naphthalene sulfonate being given as (approximately) 20 per cent, 21 per cent, and 50 per cent, respectively. The acid has been prepared also by the carbonation of the Grignard reagent from the less accessible /3-bromo derivative and. more recendy, from the readily available methyl ketone. ... 

Allura red AC (E 129, FD C Red No. 40, Cl Eood Red 17) is a mono azo dye that consists essentially of 6-hydroxy-5-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl) azo-2-naphtalenesulfonic acid sodium salt (or disodium 2-hydroxy-l-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4sufonato-phenylazo)-naphthalene-6-sulfonate). The calcium and potassium salts are also permitted. 

Amaranth (E 123, Cl Food Red 9) is a mono azo dye, with the chemical name trisodium 3-hydroxy-4(4-sulfonato-l-naphtylazo)-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonate) (or trisodium 2-hydroxy-l-(4-sulfonato-l-napthylazo) naphthalene-3,6-disulfonate). The calcium and potassium salts are also permitted. Amaranth is a reddish-brown powder or granules, soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol, with a maximum absorption in water at 520 nm (Ei " = 440). It has been banned in the US since 1976. " Amaranth can be used also as a dye for cosmetics, synthetic fibers, leather, papers, and some plastics. 

Highly reactive calcium can be readily prepared by the reduction of calcium halides in tetrahydrofuran solution with preformed lithium biphenylide under an argon atmosphere at room temperature.5 This colored calcium species seems to be reasonably soluble in THF. However, the reactive calcium complex prepared from preformed lithium naphthalenide was insoluble in THF solution and precipitated out of solution to give a highly reactive black solid. The exact nature of this black calcium complex has not been determined. Acid hydrolysis of the black material releases naphthalene as well as THF. Accordingly, the most likely structure of the black material is a Ca-naphthalene-THF complex similar in nature to the soluble magnesium-anthracene complex recently reported.6... 

Recently, a large anionic pigment has been intercalated into an LDH host by ion-exchange of an Mg/Al LDH nitrate precursor with a solution of C.I. Pigment Red 48 2 (the calcium salt of 4-((5-chloro-4-methyl-2-sulfophenyl)azo)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthalene-carboxylic acid), in ethane-1,2-diol [215]. The UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra of C.I. Pigment Red... 

The monomers are dried for 24 h over calcium hydride and then distilled under vacuum at room temperature. 1,1-Diphenyl ethylene (DPE) is dried by dropwise addition of n-butyl lithium until a stable dark-red color appears.The DPE is then distilled in vacuo at 120 °C. Naphthalene (best purity) can be used as obtained. 

Monomeric styrene is destabilized as in Example 3-1 and pre-dried with calcium chlo-ride.The monomer is now allowed to stand over calcium hydride for 24 h and then distilled under reduced pressure of nitrogen into a previously flamed-out Schlenk tube. Pure 4-vinylpyridine is distilled twice over KOH pellets in vacuum.lt is then vacuum distilled under nitrogen through a column packed with Raschig rings into a previously flamed out Schlenk tube (bp 62 °C/12 torr).The closed Schlenk tubes containing the monomers are stored in a refrigerator until required.The preparation of the initiator solution (sodium naphthalene) is described in Example 3-19. 

In a 1-1. round-bottomed flask is placed a mixture of 204.3 g. (1 mole) of finely divided phosphorus pentachloride and 132.8 g. (0.4 mole) of the disodium salt of naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid which has been dried previously at 140° for 48 hours (Note 1). The flask is provided with an air condenser which is fitted at the top with a calcium chloride drying tube. It is then placed in an oil bath which is heated to 110°, and the mixture is maintained at that temperature for 1 hour. The condenser is removed for brief intervals now and then during the heating period, and the reactants are stirred by means of a glass rod. At the end of the heating period, the product is a thick paste. 

Naphthalene, Molten Antimony Potassium Tartrate Ammonium Tartrate Antimony Potassium Tartrate Antimony Potassium Tartrate Tert-Butylamine Tricresyl Phosphate Calcium Phosphate DDD... 

Dienes react quite readily with alkylbenzenes to form monoalkenylbenzenes under controlled experimental conditions. Sodium and potassium deposited on calcium oxide were found to be very suitable catalysts for these alkenylation reactions.240 Naphthalene-sodium in tetrahydrofuran is a very effective catalyst... 

For solid samples dispersed in a KBr disc which have a thickness that cannot be precisely measured, an internal standard is used (e.g. calcium carbonate, naphthalene, sodium nitrite). This reference is added in equal quantity to all standards and to the sample. 

OPTICAL CRYSTAL. A comparatively large crystal, either natural or synthetic, used for infrared and ultraviolet optics, piezoelectric effects, and shortwave radiation detection. Examples are sodium chloride, potassium iodide, silver chloride, calcium tluonde, and (for scintillation counters) such organic materials as anthracene, naphthalene, shlbene, and lerphenyl. 

The positive identification of the sulfur compounds in crude oils is a difficult problem often complicated by the lack of reference compounds. This difficulty has been overcome by hydrodesulfurization (see Section VIII), which converts the sulfur compounds into known hydrocarbons. Treatment of a petroleum oil fraction with calcium hexammine converts the benzo[6]thiophenes present into aryl mercaptans, which are readily separable from accompanying aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., naphthalene) and then identified by hydro-... 

Desulfonation is slower than with naphthalene sulfonic acids.46 It is accomplished by heating the calcium salt with superheated steam in the presence of 85% phosphoric acid,660 or by heating the potassium salt with superheated steam in the presence of sulfuric acid.84... 

Naphthylacetonitrile. Place a mixture of 56g (0.32mol) of l-(chloro-methyl)naphthalene, 29 g (0.45 mol) of potassium cyanide, 125 ml of ethanol and 50 ml of water in a 500-ml round-bottomed flask fitted with a double surface reflux condenser, and reflux for 1 hour. Distil off the alcohol, transfer the residue to a separatory funnel, wash it with water, filter from a small amount of solid, transfer to a dish and dry under reduced pressure (vacuum desiccator charged with anhydrous calcium chloride). Distil under diminished pressure and collect the 1-naphthylacetonitrile at 155-160°C/9 mmHg (1) the yield is 38 g (72%). 

De Silva et al. [28] prepared a naphthalene derivative (3) with logic functions (Scheme 1). Here, the bromonaphthalene unit exhibits phosphorescence in the presence of both the calcium ion and (3-CD [28], However, without them, oxygen quenches the phosphorescence of 2-bromonaphthalene phosphor because the protection effect of (3-CD is absent and photoinduced electron transfer from the tetracarboxylate receptor to the 2-bromonaphthalene phosphor occurs. Thus, phosphorescence output occurs only when the calcium ion and (3-CD inputs are active. The operation of these two inputs with a phosphorescence output corresponds to the AND logic function. The input to the NOT gate is oxygen. In the presence of oxygen without either calcium or (3-CD, the AND gate is disabled. 

In the receiver, naphthalene and water collect, and when the distillation is complete, the aqueous distillate is extracted with ether and the ethereal solution dried over calcium chloride. Oil evaporating the ether, naphthalene remains. 

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