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Intermediates, dyestuff

Fine chemical companies are generally either small and privately held or divisions of larger companies, such as Eastman Fine Chemicals (United States) and Lonza (Switzerland). Examples of large public fife science companies, which market fine chemicals as a subsidiary activity to their production for captive use, are Hoffmann-La Roche, Sandoz, and Boehringer Ingelheim, which produce and market bulk vitamins and liquid crystal intermediates, dyestuff intermediates, and bulk active ingredients, respectively. Table 3 fists some representative companies having an important fine chemical business. [Pg.441]

Use Chemical intermediate, dyestuffs, rubber chemicals, insecticides, synthetic detergents, flotation agents, corrosion inhibitors, solvent, gasoline additive, pharmaceuticals. [Pg.78]

Use Photographic developer, organic intermediate, dyestuffs, bactericide. [Pg.282]

Use Analytical chemistry (reagent for detecting aldehydes, sugars, etc.), organic synthesis (intermediates, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals). The hydrochloride is a strong reducing agent. [Pg.976]

Use Rayon manufacture, agricultural sprays, chemical intermediate, dyestuffs, electroplating. [Pg.1349]

Uses Rayon mfg. agric. sprays chemical intermediate dyestuffs electroplating ingred. in pharmaceuticals... [Pg.4769]

It is an important dyestuffs intermediate. It condenses with chloroethanoic acid to give phenylglycine-o-carboxylic acid for the synthesis of indigo. It can be diazotized and used as a first component in azo-dyes it condenses also with chloroanthraquinones to give intermediates for anthraquinone dyes. [Pg.36]

It is a valuable dyestuffs intermediate. When fused with KOH, two molecules of benz-anthrone combine at the positions marked above to give a dibenzanthrone which is in itself a vat dye. Also used as an intermediate for the preparation of the valuable Caledon Jade Green. [Pg.55]

Other 3-(alkylamino)phenols are commonly used, and are prepared by analogous methods. They are used as intermediates in the preparation of dyestuffs. [Pg.141]

Gallic acid has a limited use as a dyestuffs intermediate and as a source of medicinals. [Pg.185]

Can be coupled in the 4-position with dia-zotized bases to give a series of azo dyestuffs more usually it is first sulphonated to give a valuable series of intermediates for solubilized azo dyestuffs. The nitro-l-naphthols are themselves dyestuffs, e.g. 2,4-dinitro-l-naph-thol ( naphtol yellow ). [Pg.270]

It is an important dyestuffs intermediate, being used as a first component in azo-dyes and also as a source of p-phenylenediamine. [Pg.276]

It is used as a dyestuffs intermediate. Its acetyl derivative is phenacetin. [Pg.303]

Schaffer s acid, CioHg04S. 2-hydroxy-7-naphthalene sulphonic acid. Obtained by sulphonating 2-naphthol with a small amount of sulphuric acid at a higher temperature than is used for the preparation of crocein acid. A valuable dyestuff intermediate. [Pg.353]

Textile dyes were, until the nineteenth century invention of aniline dyes, derived from biological sources plants or animals, eg, insects or, as in the case of the highly prized classical dyestuff Tyrian purple, a shellfish. Some of these natural dyes are so-caUed vat dyes, eg, indigo and Tyrian purple, in which a chemical modification after binding to the fiber results in the intended color. Some others are direct dyes, eg, walnut sheU and safflower, that can be apphed directly to the fiber. The majority, however, are mordant dyes a metal salt precipitated onto the fiber facUitates the binding of the dyestuff Aluminum, iron, and tin salts ate the most common historical mordants. The color of the dyed textile depends on the mordant used for example, cochineal is crimson when mordanted with aluminum, purple with iron, and scarlet with tin (see Dyes AND DYE INTERMEDIATES). [Pg.423]

As the most reactive and economical source of the acetoacetyl moiety, diketene is used as a valuable synthetic intermediate in the manufacture of acetoacetic acid derivatives and heterocycHc compounds which are used as intermediates in the manufacture of dyestuffs, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. [Pg.480]

Naphthalenesulfonic Acid. The sulfonation of naphthalene with excess 96 wt % sulfuric acid at < 80°C gives > 85 wt % 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (a-acid) the balance is mainly the 2-isomer (P-acid). An older German commercial process is based on the reaction of naphthalene with 96 wt % sulfuric acid at 20—50°C (13). The product can be used unpurifted to make dyestuff intermediates by nitration or can be sulfonated further. The sodium salt of 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is required, for example, for the conversion of 1-naphthalenol (1-naphthol) by caustic fusion. In this case, the excess sulfuric acid first is separated by the addition of lime and is filtered to remove the insoluble calcium sulfate the filtrate is treated with sodium carbonate to precipitate calcium carbonate and leave the sodium l-naphthalenesulfonate/7J(9-/4-J7 in solution. The dry salt then is recovered, typically, by spray-drying the solution. [Pg.489]

Only the reduction products involving the keto groups are of any academic or industrial importance. Complete reduction of the keto groups by ammonia and zinc (von Perger method) gives rise to anthracene in good yields and quaUty (10). This method is of importance since substituted anthracenes can be prepared from the corresponding anthraquinones. Industrially, an important dyestuff intermediate, 3-chloroanthracene-2-carboxyhc acid, (2) is prepared by this method (11) from 3-chloroanthraquinone-2-carboxyhc acid [84-32-2]... [Pg.420]

In the dyestuff industry, anthraquinone still ranks high as an intermediate for the production of dyes and pigments having properties unattainable by any other class of dyes or pigments. Its cost is relatively high and will remain so because of the equipment and operations involved in its manufacture. As of May 1991, anthraquinone sold for 4.4/kg in ton quantities. In the United States and abroad, anthraquinone is manufactured by a few large chemical companies (62). At present, only two processes for its production come into consideration manufacture by the Friedel-Crafts reaction utilizing benzene, phthahc anhydride, and anhydrous aluminum chloride, and by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of anthracene the latter method is preferred. [Pg.424]

Sulfosahcyhc acid is prepared by heating 10 parts of sahcyhc acid with 50 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, by chlorosulfonation of sahcyhc acid and subsequent hydrolysis of the acid chloride, or by sulfonation with hquid sulfur trioxide in tetrachloroethylene. It is used as an intermediate in the production of dyestuffs, grease additives, catalysts, and surfactants. It is also useful as a colorimetric reagent for ferric iron and as a reagent for albumin. Table 9 shows the physical properties of sahcyhc acid derivatives. [Pg.290]

Thiophene [110-02-1] and a number of its derivatives are significant in fine chemical industries as intermediates to many products for pharmaceutical, agrochemical, dyestuffs, and electronic appHcations. This article concentrates on the industrial, commercial, and economic aspects of the production and apphcations of thiophene and thiophene derivatives and details the main synthetic schemes to the parent ring system and simple alkyl and aryl derivatives. Functionalization of the ring and the synthesis of some functional derivatives that result, not from the parent ring system, but by direct ring cyclization reactions are also considered. Many good reviews on the chemistry of thiophene and thiophene derivatives are available (1 7). [Pg.17]

The intermediates of type (8), wherein G is an electron withdrawing group, which are used in the dyestuffs industry, are usually produced by the user companies themselves and used direcdy. The type (9) amino ester is another product from the SCL range of thiophene derivatives, produced in metric ton quantities for specific outlets. [Pg.22]

Dyestuffs. The use of thiophene-based dyestuffs has been largely the result of the access of 2-amino-3-substituted thiophenes via new cycHzation chemistry techniques (61). Intermediates of type (8) are available from development of this work. Such intermediates act as the azo-component and, when coupled with pyrazolones, aminopyrazoles, phenols, 2,6-dihydropyridines, etc, have produced numerous monoazo disperse dyes. These dyes impart yeUow—green, red—green, or violet—green colorations to synthetic fibers, with exceUent fastness to light as weU as to wet- and dry-heat treatments (62-64). [Pg.23]

Benzaldehyde. Annual production of ben2aldehyde requires ca 6,500—10,000 t (2-3 x 10 gal) of toluene. It is produced mainly as by-product during oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid, but some is produced by hydrolysis of ben2al chloride. The main use of ben2aldehyde is as a chemical intermediate for production of fine chemicals used for food flavoring, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and dyestuffs. [Pg.192]

Dichlorotoluene is an intermediate for manufacture of herbicides. It is also used to obtain 2,4-dichloroben2yl chloride and 2,4-dichloroben2oyl chloride. 2,6-Dichlorotoluene is appHed as a herbicide and dyestuff intermediate. 2,3,6-Trichlorotoluene is used as a herbicide intermediate. The other polychlorotoluenes have limited industrial appHcation. [Pg.56]

Nearly all of the benzal chloride produced is consumed in the manufacture of benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde (qv) is used in the manufacture of perfume and flavor chemicals, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. The principal part of benzotrichloride production is used in the manufacture of benzoyl chloride (see Benzoic acid). Lesser amounts are consumed in the manufacture of benzotrifluoride, as a dyestuff intermediate, and in producing hydroxybenzophenone ultraviolet light stabilizers. Benzotrifluoride is an important intermediate in the manufacture of herbicides, pharmaceuticals, antimicrobial agents, and the lampreycide, 4-nitro-3-(trifluorometh5l)phenol [88-30-2]. [Pg.61]

The chlorophenols make up an important class of industrial chemical compounds. They are used as either intermediates in the synthesis of agrochemicals, dyestuffs, and pharmaceuticals or direcdy in formulations. [Pg.78]

Pyridones. Pyiidine itself has little impoitance as a dyestuff intermediate. However, its 2,6-dihydtoxy derivatives have achieved prominence in... [Pg.296]


See other pages where Intermediates, dyestuff is mentioned: [Pg.77]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.43]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.43]    [Pg.10]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.312]    [Pg.478]    [Pg.68]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.389]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.425]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.85]    [Pg.316]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.555 ]




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