Butyl acetate carbamate

Methylbutyl acetate, see sec-Amyl acetate 3-Methylbutyl acetate, see Isoamyl acetate 3-Methyl-l-butyl acetate, see Isoamyl acetate 3-Methylbutyl ethanoate, see Isoamyl acetate Methylbutyl ethyl ketone, see 5-Methyl-3-heptanone Methyl n-butyl ketone, see 2-Hexanone Methylcarbamate-l-naphthalenol, see Carbaryl Methylcarbamate-l -naphthol, see Carbaryl Methyl carbamic acid, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-... 

Organic acid esters carbonates (e.g. ethyl carbonate), formates, acetates (e.g. ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate), propionates, etc., oxalates (e.g. ethyl oxalate), maleates, phtha-lates (e.g. butyl phthalate) carbamates and phenylcarbamates (e.g. ethyl phenylcarbamate). 

Efficient extraction of manganese is also obtained with sodium diethyldithio-carbamate/n-butyl acetate in a pH range from 4-8. Various factors affecting extraction efficiency were recently examined in detail66). 

Bromic acid Bromine, anhydrous Butadiene Butane Butyl acetate Butyl chloride Butyl ether Butyl lactate Butyl mercaptan Butyl chloride Cadmium chloride Cadmium nitrate Cadmium sulfate Cadmium sulfide Calcium acetate Calcium arsenate Calcium bicarbonate Calcium bisulfide Calcium hydrosulfide Calcium carbide Calcium carbonate Calcium chlorate Calcium chloride Calcium chromate Calcium fluoride Calcium hydroxide Calcium h) pochlorite Calcium nitrate Calcium oxide Calcium peroxide Calcium phosphate Calcium stearate Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfide Calcium sulfite Cane sugar liquors Capric acid Carbamate Carbon bisulfide Carbon dioxide Carbon disulfide Carbon fluorides Carbon monoxide Caustic lime... 

Simple" ester enolates (those derived from mono-esters) can be used to prepare amino acids. The lithium enolate of t-butyl acetate reacted with the methoxy group in 1.185, for example, to give the methyl carbamate of /-butyl 3-aminobutanoate. 

Organophosphates, thiocarbamates, carbamates, carbamoyloximes, dithiocarbamates, and ureas were included among 100 pesticides and metabolites detected on TLC plates by their cholinesterase inhibiting properties. After developing the plates in ether, xylene, di-n-butyl ether, n-butyl acetate or methyl-isobutyl ketone, the plates were exposed to bromine vapor. The compounds were oxidized to their oxo derivatives, which exhibited more effective cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Bovine liver suspension served as enzyme source and the substrates 2-naphthyl acetate and Fast Blue B salt as the chromogenic agents (163a). 

Vinyl acetate Carbamate, N-vinyl-, fert-butyl 0.07 1.12 0.46 0.03 N 827... 

Carbamates are allylated in the presenee of strong bases in DMSO or HMPA[197], Phthalimide (320) and succimide are allylated with the allyl-isoureu 321 at room temperature or the allylic acetate 322 at 100 C[I98.I99], Di-/-butyl iminodicarbonate is used as a nitrogen nucleophile[200]. 

Another significant use of 3-methylphenol is in the production of herbicides and insecticides. 2-/ f2 -Butyl-5-methylphenol is converted to the dinitro acetate derivative, 2-/ f2 -butyl-5-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl acetate [2487-01 -6] which is used as both a pre- and postemergent herbicide to control broad leaf weeds (42). Carbamate derivatives of 3-methylphenol based compounds are used as insecticides. The condensation of 3-methylphenol with formaldehyde yields a curable phenoHc resin. Since 3-methylphenol is trifunctional with respect to its reaction with formaldehyde, it is possible to form a thermosetting resin by the reaction of a prepolymer with paraformaldehyde or other suitable formaldehyde sources. 3-Methylphenol is also used in the production of fragrances and flavors. It is reduced with hydrogen under nickel catalysis and the corresponding esters are used as synthetic musk (see Table 3). 

Many carbamates have been used as protective groups. They are arranged in this chapter in order of increasing complexity of stmcture. The most useful compounds do not necessarily have the simplest stmctures, but are /-butyl (BOC), readily cleaved by acidic hydrolysis benzyl (Cbz or Z), cleaved by catalytic hy-drogenolysis 2,4-dichlorobenzyl, stable to the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of benzyl and /-butyl carbamates 2-(biphenylyl)isopropyl, cleaved more easily than /-butyl carbamate by dilute acetic acid 9-fluorenylmethyl, cleaved by /3-elimination with base isonicotinyl, cleaved by reduction with zinc in acetic acid 1-adamantyl, readily cleaved by trifluoroacetic acid and ally], readily cleaved by Pd-catalyzed isomerisation. 

In order to shorten the reaction time, various heavy metal salts (zinc, lead, and manganese acetates) of weak organic acids, zinc or cobalt and tin chlorides are added to the reaction mixture [11]. For example, refluxing an uncatalyzed mixture of 3 moles of isobutyl alcohol and urea for 150 hr at 108°-126°C gives a 49% yield of the carbamate. Adding lead acetate or cobalt chloride to the same reaction lowers the reaction time to 75 hr, at which point an 88-92 % yield is obtained. In another example, ethylene glycol (1 mole) and urea (2 moles) are heated for 3 hr at 135°-155°C with Mn(OAc)2 to give a 78% yield of the diurethane [11]. The commercial production of butyl carbamate uses catalytic quantities of cupric acetate [12]. 

The deprotection of t-Boc proline ester 2a is representative of the general procedure employed, tert-Butyl carbamate (0.217 g, 1.0 mmol) and aluminium chloride (0.134 g, 1.0 mmol) doped on a neutral alumina (1.0 g) were mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer. The reaction mixture was placed in an alumina bath inside an unmodified household microwave oven (operating at frequency 2450 MHz) and irradiated for a period of 1 min. After completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC, EtOAc-hexane, 9 1 v/v), it was neutralized with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and the product was extracted into ethyl acetate (2x15 mL). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the crude product thus obtained was purified by column chromatography to afford pure methyl ester 2b in 88% yield. 

Chemicals Used. Chemicals used in this study were technical grade products or better, dissolved in xylene with 5% emulsifying agent. The chemicals used included an oil soluble red dye, Dino-seb (2-sec-butyl-4,6 dinitrophenol), pentachlorophenol (PCP), Isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC or Chlorpropham), Iso-octyl 2,4,5- trichlorophenoxy acetate (2,4,5-T), chlorpyrifos (0, 0-diethyl 0-(3,4,6-trichloro 2-pyridyl) - phosphorothioate), and Ronnel (0-dimethyl 0-2, 4,5-trichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate) for application as a spray. The emulsifiable concentrate was diluted in water comparable to 50 gallons of spray to contain the following amounts respectively 2 lbs. for chloropryifos 4 lbs. for 2,4,5-T 3 lbs. CIPC and 2 lbs. for PCP. 

Acid-catalysed hydrolysis of the carbamate (15a)14 gave the amino-pregnane (15b).15 The latter amine underwent a condensation reaction with 3,5-di-t-butyl-o-quinone to yield an anil which gave progesterone (15c) on hydrolysis with an acetate buffer.16 Other amino-pregnane derivatives have been prepared by degradation of solasodine17 (vide infra). 

Attempts have been made to exploit the possibility of direct allylic oxidation of codeine with chromic acid,(253) Mn02,(254) and SeOz plus t-butyl hydroperoxide(255) to the corresponding 14-OH derivative, but each approach gave a low yield. Schwartz and Wallace 255 achieved a six-step transformation of codeine to a noroxycodone (52%) and noroxymorphone (43%) according to Scheme 2.20. Oxidation of the carbamate of norcodeine gave 166 (R = H), which was converted to the dienol acetate, 167. Subjection of this to... 

Vicinal hydroxy carbamates are prepared by the osmium-catalyzed reaction of alkenes with A-chloro-A-metallocarbamates generated in situ from A-chloro-A-sodiocarbamates (easily prepared from the carbamate, tert-butyl hypochlorite, and sodium hydroxide in methanol) by reaction with silver nitrate77 or mercury(II) salts78 in acetonitrile, The greatest reactivity was, however, displayed by the A-chloro-A-sodiocarbamate/mercuryUI) nitrate/tetraethylam-monium acetate (relative ratio 1.5 0.75 1) system, unfortunately low yields of hydroxycarba-mates from trisubstituted alkenes were obtained, due to competitive formation of organomer-... 

The formation of cyclopropanols by C-O bond cleavage has been achieved under a variety of conditions (Table 1). In most cases the syntheses were carried out under acidic conditions, in the presenee of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate, boron tribromide, or an aqueous acid, to cleave esters, ethers, ° and acetals. Other acid-sensitive moieties in the substrate can react concomitantly under such conditions. Thus, when rer/-butyl-(l-ethoxycyclopropyl)carbamate was heated in hydrochloric acid at 60 "C both the ether and the carbamate functions reacted to give 1-aminocyclo-propanol hydrochloride. 1-Acetoxycyclopropanecarbonitrile, on the other hand, was converted to 1-hydroxycyclopropanecarbonitrile under similar conditions. ... 

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