Building the Foundation

Hazard identification builds the foundation on which subsequent quantitative frequency and/or consequence estimates are made. Many companies have been using the hazard identification techniques listed in Figure 7 for... 

As science developed, our accumulation of knowledge about the structure of atoms and molecules was an achievement of early philosophers and scientists. These men and women did not use scientific procedures, but they did build the foundation of our current understanding of the structure of matter and how different species of matter interact. This history has led to our current understanding of the theoretical and practical nature of the chemical elements. 

By thinking deeply about the features of a product as well as their benefits and consequences for customers, you build the foundation for your entire marketing plan. 

Before discussing the details of the numerical experiments performed in this study, the primary mechanisms governing the two-phase transport in the PEFC catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer are discussed, which essentially build the foundations behind the specific assumptions and justifications pertaining to the subsequent two-phase simulations. 

Three sources of information build the foundation of the health assessment (1) environmental characterization data, (2) community health concerns, and (3) health outcome data. 

If someone constructs a building over soil or rock that has a high radium content (or uses stone with a high radium content to build the foundation ), the radon gas can percolate through the basement and accumulate in the house. Couple this with the need to build more energy-efficient, well-insulated dwellings. 

Vernadsky develops his initial vague idea of the indisputable aspects of the scientific worldview into the concept of the indisputable aspects of science. The indisputability of science is tied up with a relatively small segment of scientific knowledge, which covers logic, mathematics and the apparatus of scientificfacts and generalisations (V emadsky, 1991, pp. 95,96). Empirical generalisations build the foundation of science (Vernadsky, 1991, p. 96) ... 

The theory of the safety culture in construction enterprises to build the foundation and guidance safety culture construction method is the corporate safety culture in construction practice methodology and the way the wizard and guidance (Luo et al 2008, Song Gao 2012). 

In 1896, he moved to Russia to join his father, but Tswett had difficulty finding the academic position for which he had wished. He accepted a temporary position in a laboratory and completed work for a magisters degree in order to gain the qualification to apply for academic positions in Russia. During this research, he started building the foundations to develop chromatography as a technique. 

Collaborative innovation has become the new arbiter of national competitiveness. We must recognize collaborative innovation as a national priority. For the United States or any nation to thrive in the hyper-competitive world economy they must, with urgency, mobilize business, government, educators, and researchers to adopt collaborative innovation as a core strategy to build the foundation for a 21st-century knowledge-based economy. 

The personnel hoisting installation consists of two building a headframe and a winder building. The foundation for the buildings must be reinforced to solid rock due to forces from the hoisting equipment. Both buildings are heated. 

Proceedings of the Annual Nursing Leadership Congress "Building the Foundation for a Culture of Safety"... 

The complete list of interview questions developed by the selection committee will vary in relation to the determined role of the SRO and the needs of the school administrators. However, a few questions should be included in any selection interview process in order to build the foundation for the supporting questions. The following is a brief list of suggested questions for inclusion in the selection interview process ... 

Physiochemical properties and experimental data of phosphoric acid can be found in textbooks and various publications [148-152] and in the literature cited therein. The available works cover, e.g., evaporation and condensation considerations, acidity and proteolytic equilibria, composition specifications and condensation equilibria, vapor pressure of water as a function of composition and temperature, proton conductivity as a function of composition and temperatures, dynamic viscosity, and phase equilibria. The available data builds the foundation for modeling and simulation of a H3PO4-H2O system (and PBI/H3PO4-H2O) which is important to further improve the quality and reliability of HT-PEM fuel cell models. The combination of electrolyte modeling... 

The goal of safety assessment is to identify all failures that cause hazardous situations and to demonstrate that their probabilities are sufficiently low. In the application domains of safety-relevant software the safety assurance process is defined by the means of safety standards. The requirements of these standards must be met in order to enable argumentation that the system is safe. To reduce development costs and the time-to-market, one possible approach is to develop a safety assurance process which is applicable to multiple applications domains of embedded systems (e.g. like the lEC 61508 standard [3]). In this paper, we present an approach towards a safety assurance process for software which is applicable across different application domains of embedded systems. This process aims to be applicable with various development methodologies used in different domains and tries to use common safety analysis techniques as far as possible. Hence, it builds the foundation for the future development of methods and tools for safety assurance which can be applied across domains of safetyrelevant software systems. Thus, safety analysis techniques and tools as well as artifacts produced during the safety assurance process may be reused for the safety assessment of different kinds of products. Especially, in areas where embedded systems are highly related to software product-lines or heterogeneous... 

These questions build the foundation for the verification of the functional safety concept. In each individual level, in which requirements can be verified, a similar approach can be used for the requirement verification. The figure above shows that if functions or the elements, which those functions should realize, do not have common interfaces, the number of interfaces will explode exponentially. If also a situation related failure analysis had to be made on the basis of such heterogenic positive descriptions and perhaps correlations had to be described through several horizontal abstraction levels, completeness, transparently, comprehensibility, consistence and correctness would no longer be given. Such an amount of interfaces would not be analyzable and therefore no longer controllable. 

The different levels of the integration are used for the verification of the interfaces of the relevant elements. The typical verification criteria for the interfaces build the foundation for the apphed methodology. The objective of such tests are whether the interfaces have been developed completely, consistently, correct and if sufficientiy transparence is given for the safety case. 

As later discussed in Section 3, most of the state-of-the-art solutions on runtime monitoring and verification rely on software engineering concepts that are not compatible with the requirements of safety critical systems. Therefore, with the objective of providing an adequate solution for run-time monitoring, in this section, we start by studying the requirements of safety critical systems. Those will serve as a basis to build the foundations of our new run-time monitoring framework presented in Section 4. 

Various click chemistries, building the foundation for most post-polymerization modifications, have also been applied for fabrication of reactive porous polymer monoliths [118-125]. Click reactions include alkyne-azide, thiol-ene, and thiol-yne reactions, and these reactions can be conducted under mild conditions, unlike many other polymer graft reactions. Svec and coworkers used the thiol-ene reaction to functionalize porous polymer monoliths [121]. Monoliths were thiolated with cysteamine, followed by cleavage of the disulfide bonds using tri(2-carboxylethyl) phosphine to expose the desired thiol groups. Then, lauryl methacrylate monomers were clicked onto the monoliths using either heat or UV initiation. Thiol-yne and... 

HAZARD RECOGNITION TOOLS, BUILDING THE FOUNDATION FOR RISK PERCEPTION... 

The derived normal distribution of safety margin as plotted in Figure 6.9, and the affiliated derivative parameters such as the mean of safety margin, Xy and standard deviation, a, build the foundation for further analysis of statistical reliability of the part reinvented by reverse engineering. The part is reliable when > 0/ but unsafe when < 0. Probabilistic mechanics conducts further statistical analysis to calculate the probability for these conditions to occur. 

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