Bismuth subgallate

After the tape mask removal the exudate is cleaned by sterile saline. Spot peeling and retaping may be done if the skin looks underpeeled, particularly in areas with severe wrinkling. It is usually accompanied by a short-duration burning sensation. The tape is left for an additional 4-6 h and then removed by the patient. We cover the face with bismuth subgalate antiseptic powder for 7 days (Fig. 8.10). Other options include occlusive moisturizers, antibiotic ointments, and biosynthetic occlusive dressings such as Meshed Omiderm. 

Fig. 8.11. a Fifty-two-year-old patient with wrinkles and solar lentigines before the peel, b First day after the peel. The face is covered by bismuth subgalate powder... 

Bismuth salts, 4 25 Bismuth sesquisulfide, 4 24 Bismuth subcarbonate, 4 36 Bismuth subgallate, 4 36 Bismuth subhalides, 4 19 Bismuth subnitrate, 4 36 Bismuth subsalicylate, 4 1, 36 medical applications of, 22 11-12 Bismuth(III) sulfate, 4 25 Bismuth(III) sulfide, 4 24 Bismuth sulfides, 4 24-25 Bismuth thiolates, 4 25 Bismuth-tin alloy waterfowl shot, 4 15 Bismuth triacetate, 4 25 Bismuth tribromide, 4 21 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trichloride, 4 19-20 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trifluoride, 4 19 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trihalides, 4 19 Bismuth triiodide, 4 21-22 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trinitrate pentahydrate, 4 25 Bismuth trioxide, 4 23-24 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth triperchlorate pentahydrate, 4 25... 

If a prescription requires 400 mg of bismuth subgallate per suppository weighing two grams, what would be the displacement value if it is known that six suppositories with required bismuth subgallate weigh 13.6 g ... 

Theoretical weight of six cocoa butter suppositories without bismuth subgallate = 12 g... 

Amount of cocoa butter in the bismuth subgallate suppositories = 13.6-2.4= 11.2 g... 

Cocoa butter needed = 22.8 g and bismuth subgallate needed = 3.6 g... 

AAS is used in a number of limit tests for metallic impurities, e.g. magnesium and strontium in calcium acetate palladium in carbenicillin sodium and lead in bismuth subgallate. It is also used to assay metals in a number of other preparations zinc in zinc insulin suspension and tetracosactrin zinc injection copper and iron in ascorbic acid zinc in acetylcysteine lead in bismuthsubcarbonate silver in cisplatinum lead in oxyprenolol aluminium in albumin solution and calcium, magnesium, mercury and zinc in water used for diluting haemodialysis solutions. 

Bismuth subgallate [12552-60-2] (basic bismuth gallate), Dermatol, is a bright yellow powder that can be prepared by the interaction of bismuth nitrate and gallic acid in an acetic acid medium. It has been employed as a dusting powder in some skin disorders and as an ingredient of suppositories for the treatment of hemorrhoids (183,185). It has been taken orally for many years by colostomy patients in order to control fecal odors, but the dmg may cause serious neurological problems (186). 

Bismuth in pharmaceuticals such as bismuth tribromophenoxide, bismuth salicylate and bismuth subgallate has been determined complexiometrically. The sample is shaken with dilute nitric acid for 5 min and then diethyl ether added with gentle swirling followed by water, and the solution is heated to 60 °C. The solution is then cooled to 50 °C, ignoring the precipitate, and a 1% solution of methyl thymol blue in potassium nitrate is added and the solution titrated immediately with 0.1 M EDTA-disodium salt to a pale red-violet colour. Then 10% aqueous ammonia is added and this solution titrated further until it becomes yellow. 

Bismuth salts are still in use. Tripotassium dicitrato-bismuthate and bicitropeptide (a bismuth-peptide complex) are used in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in combination with antibiotics (SEDA-21,233) (1 ), and ranitidine bismuth citrate is used to treat peptic ulcer (5). Bismuth salicylates are used in other intestinal diseases, such as microscopic colitis (6,7) and collagenous colitis (8). Bismuth subnitrate plus iodoform is used to pack surgical cavities. Bismuth oxide and bismuth subgallate are found in some topical formulations that are used for treating hemorrhoids. Bismuth is also used topically as a bacteriostatic. 

Murray AD, Gibbs SR, Billings KR, Biavati MJ. Respiratory difficulty following bismuth subgallate aspiration. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000 126(1) 79-81. 

Sorensen WT, Henrichsen J, Bonding P. Does bismuth subgallate have haemostatic effects in tonsillectomy Qin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1999 24(l) 72-4. 

Friedland RP, Lerner AJ, Hedera P, Brass EP. Encephalopathy associated with bismuth subgallate therapy. Clin Neuropharmacol 1993 16(2) 173-6. 

Other compounds used in medicine include bismuth ammonium citrate (Bi(NH4)3(C6H507)2), bismuth citrate (BiC6H507)2), bismuth subgallate (Bi(0H)200CC6H2(0H)3), and bismuth tannate. These compounds are used to treat a large variety of problems, including burns, stomach ulcers, and intestinal disorders, and in veterinary applications. 

Trade names Bismatrol Bismuth subcitrate Bismuth subgallate (colostomy deodorant) Bismuth subnitrate and Bismuth idoform paraffin paste (BIPP) Bismuth sucralfate Caved-S Colo-Fresh De-Nol Devrom Diotame Helidac (Prometheus) Pepto-Bismol (Procter Gamble) Pink Bismuth... 

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