Intestinal disorders

A great many organic quaternary bases can inhibit the action of acetyl choline in organ systems activated by that neurotransmitter and thus possess anticholinergic-antispasmodic activity. One such agent is methantheline bromide (4), used in the treatment of peptic ulcer and as an antispasmodic agent in intestinal disorders. Its synthesis Involves Friedel-Crafts cyclization of o-... 

Some drugs giving less EPS were discovered serendipitously, such as metoclopramide, first used to treat gastro-intestinal disorders, led to the development of a series of related drugs for psychosis such as sulpiride, sultopride, and amisulpride. 

Z0338 Hong, N. D., I. K. Chang, N. J. Kim, and I. S. Lee. Studies on the efficacy of combined preparations of crude drug (XXXIX). Effects of Hyangsayangwee-Tang on the stomach and intestinal disorder. Korean J Pharmacog 1989 20(3) 188-195. 

Acarbose, miglitol Inhibit intestinal cx-glucosidases Reduce conversion of starch and disaccharides to monosaccharides reduce postprandial hyperglycemia Type 2 diabetes Oral rapid onset Toxicity Gastrointestinal symptoms cannot use if impaired renal/hepatic function, intestinal disorders... 

Achillea alpina L. A. millefolium L. Shi Cao (Siberian yarrow) (aerial part) Alkaloids, essential oils, achillin, flavonoides, betonicine, achilleine, d-camphor, oxalic acids, ether oils, hydroxycinnamic acids, hydrocyanic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, anthocyanidines, anthraquinones, phytosterines, carotene, coumarins, monoterpene, sesquiterpene glucosides, desacetylmatricarin.33-222-450 Antibacterial, treat menopause, abdominal pain, acute intestinal disorder, wound infection, snakebite. 

Malva chinensis Mill. M. pulchella Berhn. M. sylvestris L. M. verticillata L. Dong Kui Zi (Chinese mallow) (whole plant) 1-arabinose, 1-rhamnose, d-galacturonic acid.75 Treat stomach and intestinal disorders, to make labor easier, laxative, treat gonorrhea, congestion, constipation. 

Hollander D. Intestinal permeability, leaky gut, and intestinal disorders. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 1999 1(5) 410 416. 

Saccharin, 2-methyl-reduction, 6, 152 Saccharin, 6-nitro-reduction, 6, 154 Saccharin, thio-hydrolysis, 6, 161 methylation, 6, 160 Safranines applications, 3, 196 Safrole derivatives toxicity, 1, 139-140 occurrence, 6, 781 Safrole, 1-hydroxy-toxicity, 1, 140 Salazosulfapyridine intestinal disorders and, 2, 517 Salicylaldehydes chroman synthesis from, 3, 782 Salicylanilides ... 

Cat s claw has long been used in South America as an anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, and contraceptive agent. It is also traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers, tumors, gonorrhea, dysentery, various skin problems, cancers of the female genitourinary tract, and intestinal disorders. Native South Americans use cat s claw to cleanse the kidneys and treat bone pain. Some Europeans report that it is useful in the treatment of AIDS when used in combination with zidovudine (AZT). The purported usefulness of cat s claw tea in the treatment of diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcer disease, colitis, parasites, and leaky bowel syndrome have fueled demand for the bark in the U.S. 

People have long recognized the healing properties of certain plants. Herbal drugs have likely been around as long as humans have. Medicinal herbs were found on the body of an ice man frozen in the Swiss Alps for more than 5,000 years. Scientists think the man used these herbs to treat an intestinal disorder. 

Recently, several strains of L. rhamnosus and L. delbrueckii were also observed to downregulate IL-8 production in HT-29 cells, an intestinal epithelial cell line (Wallace et al. 2003). Together with these findings, it appears that inhibition of IL-8 production may be part of the mechanism by which lactobacilli impart their welfare to the gut. This could explain their ability to treat intestinal disorders associated with high levels of IL-8. 

Tisdale, E.S. 1931a. Epidemic of intestinal disorders in Charleston, W. Va., occurring simultaneously with unprecedented water supply conditions. American Journal of Public Health 2l. l9S-200. 

Lipoprotein disorders may also result from a variety of intestinal disorders that impede lipid absorption (such as certain inflammatory bowel diseases). Lipid disorders may also occur when there is triglyceride breakdown and shifting of triglyceride stores, as in the lipidemia that may accompany excess lipid breakdown in diabetes. 

M27. McConnell, H. B., The mechanism by which blood group antigens influence gastro-intestinal disorders. Proc. Intern. Congr. Gastroenterol., 6th, Leyden, Neth., 1960, pp. 41-46. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1961. 

There is an increased risk of malnutrition associated with chronic diseases, especially disease of the intestinal tract, kidneys, and liver. Patients with chronic diseases like cancer, AIDS, and intestinal disorders may lose weight rapidly and become susceptible to undernourishment because they cannot absorb valuable vitamins, calories, and iron. 

A barium X ray shows a patient with diverticulosis (an intestinal disorder). PHOTOGRAPH BY MICHAEL ENGLISH. CUSTOM MEDICAL STOCK PHOTO. 

Other compounds used in medicine include bismuth ammonium citrate (Bi(NH4)3(C6H507)2), bismuth citrate (BiC6H507)2), bismuth subgallate (Bi(0H)200CC6H2(0H)3), and bismuth tannate. These compounds are used to treat a large variety of problems, including burns, stomach ulcers, and intestinal disorders, and in veterinary applications. 

As early as 1968, a patent was granted for the use of insoluble polyvinyl pyrroli-done as an active substance for treating certain stomach and intestinal disorders [125]. Pharmaceutical products containing micronized crospovidone as an active substance have been sold in France since the 70s on the basis of the results in a series of publications [443-454]. They contain 2g of crospovidone per dose, which, in one case, is combined with karaya gum as a further active substance. The functions and medical indications listed in Table 146 are to be found in the clinical literature and with the pharmaceutical products. This application of micronized crospovidone is based on the local effect on the mucous membrane, as opposed to a systemic effect, as it is insoluble and therefore not absorbed. This is why practically no side-effects are listed. 

Assess if the patient has an inflammatory intestinal disorder. Monitor the patient after administering vancomycin for toxicity. 

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