Bismuth sulfides

Schwefel-weinsaure, /. sulphovinic acid (old name for ethylsulfuric add). -werk, n. sulfur refinery, -wismut, n. bismuth sulfide, -wurz, /. brimstonewort. -wurzel, /. (Pharm.) peucedanum root, brimstonewort root, -zink, m. n. zinc sulfide, -zinkweiss, n. a pigment containing chiefiy zinc sulfide (litho-pone, zincolith). -zinn, n. tin sulfide. 

The equilibrium constant for the solubility equilibrium between an ionic solid and its dissolved ions is called the solubility product, Ksp, of the solute. For example, the solubility product for bismuth sulfide, Bi2S3, is defined as... 

Photoanodic dissolution in the presence of air and its promotion by methyl viologen was also observed for alkaline solutions of colloidal cadmium phosphide, CdjPj and cadmium arsenide, CdjAsj Bismuth sulfide, Sb Sj, photo-dissolves in the presence of air mainly according to... 

Wang H, Zhu JJ, Zhu JM, Chen HY (2002) Sonochemical method for the preparation of bismuth sulfide nanorods. J Phys Chem B 106(15) 3848-3854... 

Bismuth salts, 4 25 Bismuth sesquisulfide, 4 24 Bismuth subcarbonate, 4 36 Bismuth subgallate, 4 36 Bismuth subhalides, 4 19 Bismuth subnitrate, 4 36 Bismuth subsalicylate, 4 1, 36 medical applications of, 22 11-12 Bismuth(III) sulfate, 4 25 Bismuth(III) sulfide, 4 24 Bismuth sulfides, 4 24-25 Bismuth thiolates, 4 25 Bismuth-tin alloy waterfowl shot, 4 15 Bismuth triacetate, 4 25 Bismuth tribromide, 4 21 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trichloride, 4 19-20 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trifluoride, 4 19 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trihalides, 4 19 Bismuth triiodide, 4 21-22 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth trinitrate pentahydrate, 4 25 Bismuth trioxide, 4 23-24 physical properties of, 4 20t Bismuth triperchlorate pentahydrate, 4 25... 

Bismuth may be obtained from other ores, too. The recovery process however, depends primarily on the chemical nature of the ores. For example, the sulfide ore requires smelting, carbon reduction, and the addition of iron (to decompose any bismuth sulfide present). Oxide ores, on the other hand, are treated with hydrochloric acid to leach bismuth from the mineral. The bismuth chloride solution is then diluted with water to precipitate bismuth oxy-... 

Bismuth reacts with chlorine, bromine and iodine vapors forming chloride, bromide and iodide of the metal, respectively. Molten bismuth and sulfur combine to form bismuth sulfide, Bi2S3. 

Bi(N03)3 forms bismuth sulfide, Bi2S3 when hydrogen sulfide is passed through its solution in nitric acid. 

Bismuth sulfide occurs in nature as the mineral bismuthinite (bismuth glance). It is used as a starting material to produce many other bismuth compounds. 

Alternatively, bismuth sulfide may be obtained by melting a mixture of bismuth and sulfur ... 

In the following year, however, he concluded that tire mineral contained neither bismuth sulfide nor antimony, that the gold was an essential constituent of it, and that it contained an unknown metal. In an investigation lasting three years and consisting of more than fifty tests, he determined the specific gravity of the mineral and noted the radish odor of the white smoke which passed off when the new metal was heated, the red color which the metal imparts to sulfuric acid, and the black precipitate which this solution gives when diluted with water (3). 

There have been no fatalities in industry attributed to bismuth and it is regarded as relatively non-toxic for a heavy metal.246 The toxic problems which have been recorded have in the main been iatrogenic illnesses. A characteristic blue-black line on the gums, the bismuth line , which may persist for years, is a feature of bismuth overdosage. Soluble salts are excreted via urine and may cause mild kidney damage. Less soluble salts may be excreted in the faeces, which may be black in colour due to the presence of bismuth sulfide. Table 31 contains some toxicity data. 

Bismuth(lII) sulfide. Bi.Si. is precipitated by H2S from bismuth solutions. Complex sulfide ions form only slowly, so bismuth sulfide may be separated from the arsenic and antimony sulfides by this difference in properties. Lake the oxide, bismuth sulfide forms double compounds with tile sulfides of the oilier iuelids. 

Both reactive and nonreactive molten salts can be used in nontopochemical routes. An example of a nontopochemical route to inorganic materials utilizing reactive molten salts is when a metallic element is reduced in a low-melting alkali metal polychalcogenide (hiQn, where Q = O, S, Se, Te) to form a ternary metal chalcogenide. Potassium bismuth sulfide (KBi3Ss) has been prepared in... 

Bismuth occurs in nature as Bi203 and as bismuth sulfide ores. This reflects the fact that Bi(ni) is an intermediate acid in the Pearson s classification of hard and soft acids-bases (see Hard Soft Acids and Bases). Interestingly, over-the-counter dmg formulations involve primarily oxygen-donor ligands snch as salicylate, citrate, and nitrate, while in vivo reactions... 

Calculate the Ksp value for bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3), which has a solubility of... 

Bismuth ranks 64th in abundance among the elements in the earth s crust like antimony and cadmium, its abundance is estimated to be 0.17 to 0.2 ppm. Most bismuth sulfides occur associated with lead, copper and silver. A few deposits in which bismuth is a major mineral are also known . ... 

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