Bearberry, Arctostaphylos

Salvia miitiorrhiza (danshen) Lamiaceae (mint) Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi... 

ChHisO, Mr 298.29, bitter tasting needles, as monohydrate mp. 195-196°C, [a] -88° (HjO). P. occurs in softwoods, willow bark, and mistletoe as well as the bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). Treatment of P. with dilute acids or emulsin affords o-glucose and p-hydroxyacetophenone (piceol), CgHg02, Mr 136.15,... 

More than 150 ursanes of plant origin are documented (+)-3p-Hydroxyursan-28-oic acid, for example, represents a saturated triterpene found in the leaves of oleander Nerium oleander (Apocynaceae). (-l-)-3p-Hydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid is the most prominent derivative this was first isolated from the leaves and berries of bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, and therefore is commonly known as ursolic acid. It is also found in Rhododendron species, in cranberries Vaccinum macrocar-pon (Ericaceae), and in the protective wax coating of apples, pears, prunes, and other fruits. Ursolic acid is reported to have antileukemic and cytotoxic activities it is also used as an emulsifier in pharmaceuticals and foods, and is similar to (-1-)-3p,19a-dihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (known as pomolic acid) extracted from the wax coats of apples. 

Arctium lappa Arctium lappa extract. See Burdock (Arctium lappa) extract Arctium majus Arctium majus root extract. See Burdock (Arctium majus) extract Arctium minus Arctium minus root extract. See Burdock (Arctium minus) extract Arctostaphylos uva ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi extract. See Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) extract... 

Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) extract CAS 84776-10-3 EINECS/ELINCS 283-934-3 Synonyms Arctostaphylos uva ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi extract Bearberry extract... 

Basil (Ocimum basiiicum) oil Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) extract Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) extract Birch (Betula alba) extract Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Burdock (Arctium majus) extract Burdock (Arctium minus) extract Camellia oleifera extract Camellia sinensis extract Caper (Capparis spinosa) extract Capsicum frutescens extract Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract Chinese angelica (Angelica polymorpha sinensis) extract Cinchona succirubra extract Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Clary (Salvia sclarea) extract... 

Carpenter et al., (2007) investigated the effect of bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) (0-1000 pg/g muscle), also known as Uva Ursi, on lipid oxidation, color, pH, microbial status and sensorial properties of cooked pork patties. Bearberry extract addition had decreased lipid oxidation in raw pork patties at days 9 and 12 of storage, relative to the controls. The antioxidant activity of bearbeny was also observed in cooked pork patties, thus demonstrating its thermal stability. The sensory properties of cooked pork patties, mesophilic plate counts and pork pH were unaffected by bearberry extract addition. 

Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng is a small shrub, whose leaves contain arbutin, a hydroquinone heteroside, that yields hydroquinone after degradation by a j3-glucosidase enzyme. Hydroquinone acts by inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme, which initiates the biochemical synthesis of melanin. At present, the use of this hydroquinone glucoside is becoming less and less frequent because of the restrictions on the use of synthetic hydroquinones for cosmetic applications and because of its well-known irritant effects on the skin (Maeda and Fukuda, 1991, 1996). 

Beta vulgaris (Chenopodicaeae) Widespread Vaccinium maerocarpon (cranberry), Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry) (Ericaceae), Lavandula latifolia Prunella vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia tribba, Thymus vulgaris (Lamiaceae), Malus sp. (apple), Pyrus sp. (pear) (Rosaceae) [fruit surface]... 

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry) contains a steroid, sitosterol, and triterpenoids, such as amyrin, betulinic acid, lupeol, oleanolic acid, taraxenol, ursolic acid, and uvaol. The main constituent is a glucoside called arbutin. Other constituents are methylarbutin, ericolin, ursone, gallic acid, and ellagic acid. 

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry) Gaultheiia procumbens (wintergreen) Ledum palustre (marsh Labrador tea) Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) Breynia officinalis (Chi R Yun) Croton tiglium (croton)... 

UVA URSI, Bearberry Leaf, Uvae ursi folium, Arctostaphylos uva ursi (L.) Spreng, family Ericaceae. The dried leaves constitute the drug. Besides arbutin (not less than 8%) and methylarbutin, the leaves also contain tannins. 1.5-4.0g dried leaves given by infusion three times daily gives an antiseptic effect (by hydrolysis to hydroquinone) in the urinary tract, when the urine is kept alkaline. The maximal antibacterial effect is reached about 3 hours after administration. 

Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi Spreng (Epicaceae) Leaves (USA) Arcostaphylos Uva-Ursi Spreng (Bearberry) was shown to counter some of symptoms of STZ diabetes in mice [122],... 

Matsuda, H., S. Nakamura, H. Shiomoto, T. Tanaka, and M. Kubo. 1992. Pharmacological studies on leaf of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. IV. Effect of 50% methanolic extract from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (bearberry leaf) on melanin synthesis. Yakugaku Zasshi 112(4) 276-282. 

CijHijO, Mr 272.25. Bitter-tasting needles that exist in an unstable (mp. 165°C) and a stable form (mp. 200 °C), [ali, -60.3° (H O). TLDq (rat p.o.) 13.6 g/kg. Cleavage to hydroquinone and glucose occurs on reaction with emulsin or dilute acid. The black color of many dead plants can be explained by oxidation of the hydroquinone. A. occurs in pear leaves Pyms communis, Rosaceae) and is widely distributed in leaves of Ericacae, e. g., in bearberry species (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), as well as in cranberries, heather, and azalea. The leaves of Saxifraga crassifolia are especially rich in A. 

Arctostaphylos Bearberry Endangered and in demand Hydroquinones, arbutin. 

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