Balb-c mice

Balb c mice and Wistar rats were used in the experiments. The administration of single doses of 1, 2 and 2 caused mainly necrotic changes in the liver, measured by GPT and histopathology. The extent of necrosis depended on doses and on time of observation (1-4 days after injections). In shorter time interval (2-4 hrs) 1, 2 and 2 caused depletion of hepatic GSH (even up to 10 % of control). 4 and 5 did not generate necrotic changes. Increased GPT activity was observed after 3 doses of fi. Single doses of 4, 5 and fi mostly increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA-indicator of lipid peroxidation) in the liver. Repeated injections (3-7) of the investigated compounds enhanced the activity of ALA-D or ALA-S in the liver and caused steatosis. 

The experiments were performed on male Balb c mice with body weight 23-30 g, and on male Wistar rats - body weight 190-250 g. The animals were fed with Standard LSM chow and given water ad libitum. The animals were administered oil solutions or suspensions of monobromobenzene 1, 1,2-... 

In addition to IL-10, TGF-(3 is a key cytokine in immune tolerance. It was investigated whether orally administered TGF-(3, such as TGF-(3 in human milk, retains and exerts its activity in the intestinal mucosa and can induce immune tolerance to dietary antigens. In a relevant mice model the oral administration of TGF-(3 increased activation and response in TGF-(3-related responsive elements and increased serum TGF-(3 levels [118]. BALB/c mice treated orally with OVA and TGF-(3 showed augmented... 

Cocke R., Moynihan J.A., Cohen N., Grata L.J., et al. (1993). Exposure to conspecific alarm signals alters immune responses in BALB-c mice. Brain Behav Immunol 7,... 

Schoeters G, Van Den Heuvel R, Hurtgen C, et al. 1987. 241Am distribution in foetal haemopoietic organs of balb/c mice. In Age-related factors in radionuclide metabolism and dosimetry. Netherlands Kluwer Academic Publishers, 193-200. 

Schoeters G, Van Den Heuvel R, Leppens H, et al. 1990. Distribution of 241Am in offspring from BALB/c mice injected with 241Am and 14 days of gestation Relation to calcium and iron metabolism and comparison with distribution of 241Am after injection of adults. Int J Radiat Biol 58(2) 371-382. 

Van Den Heuvel RL. 1990. Bone marrow from Balb/c mice radio contaminated with 241 Am in utero shows a deficient in vitro haemopoiesis. Int J Radiat Biol 57(1) 103-115. 

Tumor cells. EMT6 cells were grown as a monolayer culture in DMEM medium containing 20% fetal calf serum (27). Cells were detached from the plate by trypsin-EDTA treatment and washed in PBS. A total of 5 x 103 cells were injected per mouse via the tail vein of Balb/c mice (6-8 weeks old) to induce experimental lung metastatic tumors. Immunoliposomes were injected iv 2 and 4 days after the tumor cell injection. The survival of mice was followed over the next 60 days. 

Koyama, K., Tamauchi, H., Tomita, M., Kitajima, T. and Ito, Y. (1999) B cell activation in the mesenteric lymph nodes of resistant BALB/c mice infected with the murine nematode parasite Trichuris muris. Parasitology Research 85, 194—199. 

Prowse, S.J., Mitchell, G.F., Ey, P.L. and Jenkin, C.R. (1978) Nematospiroides dubius susceptibility to infection and the development of resistance in hypothymic (nude) BALB/c mice. Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science 56, 561—570. 

Fig. 19.3. Analysis of (A) lgG1 and (B) lgG2a titres in BALB/c mice exposed to either ES-62, or ES-62 manufactured in the presence of HC-3. Specific lgG2a titres were significantly higher in mice inoculated with ES-62 synthesized in the presence of HC-3 (P< 0.05 Mann Whitney U test). Results are expressed as mean reciprocal endpoint dilutions sem (n = 4).

In order to compare the specific activity of plant-derived C5-1 to that of the hybridoma-derived antibody, the antigen-binding capacity of antibodies produced in each system was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). As shown in Table 1.2, antibodies from both sources demonstrated similar binding characteristics against human IgGs [8]. Furthermore, the stability of alfalfa-derived C5-1 in the blood stream of Balb/c mice was comparable to that of the hybridoma-derived IgG [8]. 

Fig. 8.10 Titers of antibodies at day 50 induced by plant-derived CTB-2L21 recombinant protein. Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally immunized with leaf extract from CTB-2L21 transgenic plants. Animals were boosted at days 21 and 35. Each mouse received 20 pg of CTB-2L21 recombinant protein. Individual samples of mouse serum were titrated against 2L21 synthetic peptide,VP2 protein and a control peptide (amino acids 122-135 of hepatitis B virus surface antigen). Titers were expressed as the highest serum dilution to yield twice the absorbance mean of preimmune sera. M1-M6 mice 1 to 6 2L21 epitope from the VP2 protein of the canine parvovirus CTB cholera toxin B VP2 protein of the canine parvovirus that includes the 2L21 epitope.

Barnett, J.B., L.S.F. Soderberg, and J.H. Menna. 1985. The effect of prenatal chlordane exposure on the delayed hypersensitivity response of BALB/c mice. Toxicol. Lett. 25 173-183. 

FIGURE 7.7 (See color insert) Adoptively transferred D011.10 transgenicT cells can be identified by expression of CD4+ and KJ-126 in spleen cell suspension from Balb/c mice after ovalbumin (OVA) immunization. Balb/c mice were injected iv with D011.10 spleen cells containing 3-5 x 1 06CD4+KJ-126+ cells and immunized by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg OVA emulsified in complete Freund s adjuvant 2 days later. OVA immunization increases the frequency of KJ+T cells and alters the expression of various surface molecules consistent with T cell (Tc) activation. 

Pace, B.M. et al., Neonatal lead exposure changes quality of sperm and number of macrophages in testes of Balb/c mice, Toxicology 210, 247, 2005. 

Patterson, R. et al., Arsenic-induced alterations in the contact hypersensitivity response in Balb/c mice, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 198, 434, 2004. 

Silva, I. A. et al., Prenatal HgCl2 exposure in BALB/c mice gender-specific effects on the ontogeny of the immune system, Develop. Compar. Immunol., 29, 171, 2005. 

Gutting, B.W., Updyke, L.W., and Amacher, D.E., BALB/c mice orally pretreated with diclofenac have augmented and accelerated PLNA responses to diclofenac. Toxicology, 172, 217, 2002. 

Consistent with this hypothesis are data from a study with mice. Social disruption of groups of 5 male BALB/c mice was shown to increase aggression among cohorts, activate the HPA axis, and reactivate latent HS V-1 in more than 40% of latently infected mice.46 In contrast, restraint stress, which can down-regulate the innate and HSV-1 specific immune response, did not reactivate latent HSV-1.47 HPA activation, as measured by serum corticosterone levels, was comparable using both types of stressors. 

Klink, K.J. and Meade, B.J., Dermal exposure to 3-amino-5-mercapto-l,2,4-triazole (AMT) induces sensitization and airway hyperreactivity in BALB/c mice, Toxicol. Sci., 75, 89, 2003. 

Potter, D.W. and Wederbrand, K.S., Total IgE antibody production in BALB/c mice after dermal exposure to chemicals. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 26, 127, 1995. 

Manetz, T.C., Pettit, D.A. and Meade, B.J., The determination of draining lymph node cell cytokine mRNA levels in BALB/c mice following dermal sodium lauryl sulfate, di-nitrofluorobenzene, and toluene diisocyanate exposure. Toxicol. Appl. Pharm., 171, 174, 2001. 

FIGURE 7.7 Adoptively transferred DO11.10 transgenic T cells can be identified by expression of CD4+ and KJ-126 in spleen cell suspension from Balb/c mice after ovalbumin (OVA) immunization. For description, see page 112. 

Paranjpe, M.S. and Boone, C.W. (1972). Delayed hypersensitivity to simian virus 40 tumor cells in BALB/c mice demonstrated by a radioisotopic footpad assay. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 48 563. 

DTPA-SWNTs or DTPA-MWNTs labelled with111 In (0.06 or 0.4mg/ mouse) Female BALB/c mice Intravenous administration 30 min, 3h, and No toxic side effects, accumulation, or 24 h mortalities were observed. CNTs were removed from systemic blood circulation though the renal excretion route Singh et al. (2006)... 

P. Parham, On the fragmentation of monoclonal IgGl, IgG2a, and IgG2b from BALB/c mice, J. Immunol. 131, 2895-2902 (1983). 

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