Automatic Functions

The automatic functions provided by most of the new systems have greatly reduced the time and manpower required to monitor critical plant equipment. These functions have virtually eliminated both the human errors and the setup time normally associated with older vibrationmonitoring techniques. 

The second postprocessing step is the automated enhancement of the TrEMBL annotation to bring TrEMBL entries closer to SWISS-PROT standard. There is an increasing need for reliable automatic functional annotation to cope with the rapidly increasing amount of sequence data. Most of the current approaches are still based on sequence similarity searches against known proteins. Some groups try to collect the results of different prediction tools in a simple way, e.g., PEDANT (Frishman and Mewes, 1997) or GeneQuiz (Scharf et al., 1994). However, several pitfalls of these methods have been reported (Bork and Koonin, 1998). 

Biofeedback uses the idea that human beings have the ability to control the automatic functions of their bodies. For instance, a person can be trained to raise the temperature of... 

In firings involving a high cate of fire, particularly with machine guns and antiaircraft gnns, automatic functioning or cook-off of a round left in the hot gun fot a period of time is possible. This "cook-off condition may result in either spontaneous ignition of the primer or the propellant powder... 

Test the Automatic function for automatic calculation of 6 levels and try out... 

Fleischmann, W., S. Moller, A. Gateau, and R. Apweiler. 1999. A novel method for automatic functional annotation of proteins. Bioinformatics 15 228-33. 

Protein Single Manual Automatic Functional elements Bioactive conformation when co-crystallized ligand Yes Qualitative... 

The central core includes the brain stem (medulla, pons and midbrain), which controls automatic functions of the body like breathing and rate of heart beat. 

In electrothermal atomization methods, the microcomputer also controls the furnace temperature, a key factor for this technique. Guevremont and Whitman used a microcomputer based on a Z80 microprocessor for the automatic control and data acquisition from a graphite furnace [13] they could heat the furnace from 0 to 2500 C In about 3 s, with an approximate gain In precision of 50% under the control of the microprocessor. The system Is shown schematically In Fig. 10.9. The automatic functions afforded are data acquisition, measurement of the furnace temperature and calibration, temperature programming, control of the gas flow, control of the sampler and delivery of results. 

Sampling Automation. In the terminology given in the first part of the chapter, instruments that emulate manual sample handling and processing without the use of control loops are automatic (mechanized), but not automated. Among the automatic functions are ... 

It is customary to refer to instruments lacking the automatic functions on the above list as manual instruments. If these incorporate extensive electronic data-processing, they are called semiautomatic. 

This part of the computer is the basis of the PES. The fundamental automatized functions are carried out here ... 

The PCE equipment controls the specified operation. The system implements the automatic functions required for the production. It measures and controls all the process parameters necessary for the production including auxiliary functions such as logging and report generation. 

For safety reasons an automatic function for stopping the pump and closing the shut-off valve is implemented (LSHH). The safety function is tested completely every half year. For this purpose the level switch LSHH is placed in the position maintenance , which disconnects it After testing the pump stop and the closing of the valve it has to be returned to the position operation and thus to be reconnected. The level switch itself is subject to annual functional tests. 

Setup and operation part manufacturing process model entities are created and captured in the process model mainly manually, with minor but important computer assistance. Some process planning activities, such as selection of machine tools, configuration of setups, selection of cutting tools, and sequencing of operations are assisted by automatic computer procedures in advanced systems. Some of the automatic functions for machining are ... 

However, none of them is capable of automatic functioning [5]. Each method has some drawbacks, particularly when addressing a wide variety of images. On the other hand, extensive manipulation of the software variables by the operators may lead to poor reproduction of the results, and also to some improvements of the data to, for example, clean up for outliers to obscure bad separations. 

Pavlov, Ivan (1849-1936) A Russian physiologist and psychologist, Pavlov began investigating the digestive system, which led to experiments with the effects of behavior on the nervous system and the body s automatic functions. He used animals in researching conditioned reflex actions to a variety... 

With regard to operating personnel, the OLCs include those principal requirements for surveillance and corrective or complementary actions that are necessary to supplement the functioning of equipment involved in maintaining the established OLCs. Some OLCs may involve combinations of automatic functions and actions by personnel. 

Direct loading means the placing and stacking of sacks directly on the floor of the vehicle by means of automatically functioning machines. 

A belt weigher incorporated in the belt conveyer bringing the raw material from the quarry records the quantity handled. Under adjustable electronic control, the contents of the mixer are intensively mixed after every 5001 of material passing the weigher. On completion of the mixing operation a quantity of about 200 g is removed from the mixer by a pneumatically powered extraction device and is fed to an automatically functioning pneumatic despatch station which sends the samples to the laboratory. In the laboratory each sample is further dried and prepared for analysis by pulverization in a vibratory mill. 

Comfortable" individual signalling and process optimization are achieved with the aid of the computer at the next higher level, the level of automatic functions. These functions require particularly efficient and therefore expensive system components. They are not, however, absolutely essential to steady-state operation. If a fault develops, the subordinate (lower) level for manual operation and back-up instrumentation will take over the necessary functions. For reasons of economy it is therefore possible to dispense with vertical structuring or redundancy of the optimization level. This approach is supported by developments in semiconductor technology, enabling more and more functions formerly performed at the optimization level to be transferred to the suitably strengthened and eff icient bottom safety level. 

List four of the five automatic functions (scrams, interlocks, auto controls, and alarms) that are provided by the LogN-Period channel. 

The composition of raw materials, finished products, and samples of the various steps of a reaction is normally measured at the laboratory using the appropriate physical and chemical analytical methods. However, sampling and analysis are timecurrent interest and too late for control decisions to be made. In order to monitor compositions continuously, one needs automatically functioning analytical instruments that can continuously obtain and show the composition of a mixture. Some devices are fast and precise enough to be able to generate signals for control loops. The controllers would then adjust the desired values of other input variables such as flow, temperature, or pressure in a cascade control scheme. 

The productivity of a winder is a function of its speed, its acceleration rate and its necessary stop times for set-change or reel-spool change. The stop times can be reduced by using automatic functions. To that end, equipment and controls have been developed which abridge the following functions ... 

Marijan, D., ZlokoUca, V., Teslic, N., Pekovic, V, Tekcan, T Automatic functional TV set failure detection system. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 56, 125-133 (2010)... 

The primary system level safety requirement which drives risk control is failure tolerance. Failure tolerance embraces many design approaches. These include, but are not limited to functional redundancy functional inhibits safety devices manual back-up to automatic functions benign failure modes and failure effect isolation and containment. Damage tolerance (fracture control) and safety factor requirements are applied to structures as an equivalent to functional failure tolerance, although structural failure tolerance is acceptable where it can be implemented. Common cause and common mode failure mechanisms are taken into account in the implementation of Failure Tolerance. 

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