ASTM test methods standards

Eluorspar assay may be completed by fluoride determination alone, because the mineralogical grouping rarely iacludes fluorine minerals other than fluorite. Calcium can be determined as oxalate or by ion-selective electrodes (67). SiUca can be determined ia the residue from solution ia perchloric acid—boric acid mixture by measuriag the loss ia weight on Aiming off with hydrofluoric acid. Another method for determining siUca ia fluorspar is the ASTM Standard Test Method E463-72. 

ASTM, Standard Test Method for Estimation of Molecular Weight (Relative Molecular Mass) of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements, ASTM Standard D-2502-92, 1992. 

Laminated tapes In more general use now than pressure sensitive tapes are tapes consisting of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene films in conjunction with butyl rubber. These tapes are applied with an adhesive butyl rubber primer. Thicknesses of up to 0-75 mm are in use and loose protective outer wraps of p.v.c. or polyethylene sheet are commonly applied. Tape quality control is exercised with reference to ASTM standard test methods and may include water vapour transmission rate and elongation. 

Prut, E.V., Zelenetskii, A.N., Chepel, L.M., Erina, N.A., Dubnikova, I.L., and Novikov, D.D., Thermoplastic elastomer composition and the way of its manufacturing, Russian Patent 206927/B.I., 32, 1996. ASTM. Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials, 1987. 

When water is used as the immersion liquid, the test is essentially the ASTM Standard Test Method (D570) for Water Absorption of Plastics.( ) Determinations of the relative rate of water absorption are important in evaluating the effects of moisture exposure on such properties as mechanical strength, electrical resistivity, dielectric... 

ASTM, Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials, ASTM E96/E96M-05, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2005. 

Hydrogen homogeneity was controlled by metallographic examination. Metallography of hydride structure on radial-axial and radial-transverse sections shows a uniform hydride distribution with hydrides elongated in the longitudinal direction (Fig. 1). From the hydrided pressure tube material curved compact toughness (CTT) specimens were machined. Except for the thickness and the curvature of the tube, the in-plane dimensions of specimens were in proportion described for compact specimen in ASTM standard test method (E-399). 

ASTM, "Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash Closed Tester", ASTM D3278-1982(1982).D3278... 

Table I lists the catalyst materials characterized and available for use as reference materials. For each property measured, the number of the ASTM Standard Test Method used in the determination is identified the material is specified the consensus mean value determined is listed the interlaboratory reproducibility and the intralaboratory repeatability from round robin tests are presented and the number of the ASTM research report describing the round robin data is listed. These round robins were conducted in accordance with ASTM E-691 -- Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratorv Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method.

Mechanical Properties. To design with any material, mechanical property estimates need to be developed. ASTM standard test methods detail the procedures required to determine mechanical properties via stress-strain relationships (2—6). 

ASTM, Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. D-882-83, Annual Book of ASTM Standards. American Society for Testing and Material, Philadelphia, PA, 1983. 

American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set, D395-03. See www.ASTM.org for more details. 

Note ASTM standard test methods are available on web http //enterprise.astm.org/... 

X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) is a common technique for sulfur determination in hydrocarbon oils. At-line and laboratory XRF analysis is covered in the ASTM standard test methods for sulfur in petroleum products ASTM Standard Method D 4294 (for Energy Dispersive XRF, EDXRF) [1] and ASTM Standard Method D 2622 (for Wavelength Dispersive XRF, WDXRF) [2]. Polarized EDXRF [3] is also used at-line for the determination of very low sulfur content (<10 ppm sulfur) in diesel and gasoline fuels. 

There are about 20 laboratory based ASTM standard test methods available for the determination of sulfur in various petroleum products and lubricant samples [6]. These utilize diverse analytical techniques and have applicability range sparming from m% to low mg/kg levels. However, at the very low end of sulfur analysis there are only three or four test methods which can adequately determine sulfur in such fuels. These lab-based standard test methods include ASTM D 2622 - wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence, D 3120 - oxidative microcoulometry, D 5453 - combustion UV-fluorescence, and D 6920 - oxidative combustion electrochemical detection methods. Without a doubt, the most widely used two methods out of these in oil industry laboratories are D 2622 and D 5453. Studies have shown that at truly ultra-low levels of sulfur only D 5453 can deliver accurate and precise results. This conclusion has... 

Current methods for sampling and analysis are known to be problematic and prone to error. Several wet chemical impinger-based methods have been approved for the determination of total Hg in flue gas. These include US EPA method 29 and lOlA. More recently, diese methods have been modified to enable the speciation of particulate, oxidized, and elemental mercury. The most commonly used procedure is the ASTM Standard Test Method for Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury in Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary Sources (D 6784-02) known as the Ontario Hydro Method. This method was developed by public consultation with ASTM membership. 

Nadkarni (Symposium Chairman) reviewed the alternate methods available for sulfur determination in fuels. Out of about 20 ASTM standard test methods available, only about five (D 2622 WDXRF, D 3120 microcoulometry, D 5453 UV-fluorescence, D 6920 pyro-electrochemical, D 7039 MWDXRF) are appropriate for ultratrace amounts of sulfur in gasoline or diesel. However, in their actual industrial use only D 2622 and D 5453 predominate. 

ASTM Standard Test Method for Determining the Virus-Eliminating Effectiveness of Liquid Hygienic Handwash Agents Using the Fingerpads of Adult Volunteers E 1838-96 Fingerpads are contaminated with the test virus and allowed to dry. The dried inoculum is exposed to test product. Virus is then eluted with or without a water rinse. Eluates and controls are titrated for infectious virus. Adopted as a standard in 1996... 

ASTM Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Handwashing Formulations for Virus-Eliminating Activity Using the Entire Hand E 2011-99 Target virus is placed on the hands and spread over the entire surface of both hands and allowed to dry. The hands are washed with the test product. The virus is eluted from fingertips. Controls and eluates are titrated for infectious virus. Adopted as a standard in 2000... 

ASTM Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated Carbon 1989, Designation D 2854-2889. 

ASTM, Standard test method for boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography. Tech. Rep. D5580-02, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA (2007). 

ASTM. Standard test method for bearing response of polymer matrix composite laminates 1996. ASTM standard D 5961/D 5961M - 96. 

McGrattan B. 1600 Method Program Automating ASTM Standard Test Method for Oil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water, Perkin-Elmer Infrared Bulletin 114. 

ASTM. Standard Test Method for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer-D4542. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, p. 6. ASTM. D2850. Standard Test Method for Unconfined Unconsolidated Triaxial Compression Test on Cohesive Soil. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, p. 6. 

ASTM. Standard test method for time of setting of hydraulic cement by Vicat needle. ASTM standards. 2002 C191-01a 1-6. 

ASTM Standard Test Methods, unless othemise specified. 

---