Architecture enterprise

The selection and identification of the system boundary is a key feature of the safety analysis. This safety analysis may used demonstrate that elements of the system attract high integrity requirements. A reformulation of the system design and its system architecture may yield elements of the system that attract lesser integrity requirements. This process of analysis and reformulation is also applicable to the data architecture and its constituent parts. The formulation of the system data architectures (enterprise, system and application) addresses the... 

What do customers look for before they decide to adopt an ELN system The companies that are implementing ELN systems can be reasonably divided at this point into large enterprises and small companies. Large enterprises, by the nature of the complexity of their operations, are the major driving force behind many of the software architectural decisions behind well-designed ELN systems. 

The technology of component-based systems is becoming fairly well established not so the methods to develop them. To be successful, serious enterprise-level development needs clear, repeatable procedures and techniques for development, well-defined and standard architectures, and unambiguous notations whereby colleagues can communicate about their designs. 

The 1.0 specs of Enterprise JavaBeans are a good example of standard architectural patterns and how they can be used to define a simple and consistent architecture even for large-scale business systems. 

Some of these choices will be influenced by the technical architecture. For example, Enterprise JavaBeans does not like its components to implement multiple threads, because it tries to manage that at the level of the vendor-provided containers. 

PGVL Hub has been well entrenched as one of the key desktop molecular design tools used by Pfizer medicinal chemists. Its solid three-tier enterprise architecture and powerful client-side component easily deployed by Java Web Start provide a very attractive platform with a proven track record for future enhancement and innovations in singleton and library design. There are many possibilities for further enhancement based on user requests as well as attractive methodologies and algorithms already published in the literature (6-27). Here we would like to list a few, with some already being prototyped. 

The SCOP database is curated manually, with the objective of placing proteins in the correct evolutionary framework based on conserved structural features. Two similar enterprises, the CATH (class, architecture, topology, and homologous superfamily) and FSSP (/old classification based on structure-structure alignment of proteins) databases, make use of more automated methods and can provide additional information. 

This book focuses on a three-tiered architecture, on which Enterprise Java is based. 

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a hot topic these days and is considered by many people to be the enterprise computing framework of the future. In SOA, each software unit runs on a piece of hardware as a service that can be called by many different consumers. For example, a compound registration service can be called by a library enumeration tool and a chemistry e-notebook to fulfill compound registration tasks. The most popular SOA is Web services that are based on HTTP and XML or SOAP standards although SOA as a concept has existed for awhile and is not limited to Web services. SOA has a lot of advantages, the most important of which is code reuse and improved productivity. However, it also presents a lot of challenges. 

These abstraction layers offer tremendous benefits to the software development process with reduced development complexity and costs and increased productivity. Application server platforms and blueprints also provide software development frameworks to help the software fit into specific architecture patterns. One of the most commonly adopted software architecture patterns for enterprise systems is the layered architecture (Buschmann et al., 1996 Fowler, 2003a). It is also the heart of the J2EE blueprint (Alur et al., 2003). 

This book demonstrates how the layered architecture can be used in an enterprise chemical information system. 

Fowler, M. 2003a. Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture. Addison-Wesley. 

Out-of-the-box HTS informatics software solutions with integrated functionality of all three operational components (HTS data, plate and sample tracking, chemical structures) include ActivityBase from IDBS, Assay Explorer from Symyx (former MDL), BioAssay Enterprise from CambridgeSoft, Accord Enterprise (Accelrys), Chemlnnovation (CBIS), and others. However, we recommend careful evaluation of functionality, usability, architecture, and availability of a published application programming interface (API) if the system is to be integrated with other informatics components. Because the commercial solutions have different strengths, one answer is to combine different components or build certain functionalities in-house. 

Anderson, G., Anderson, P. Enterprise JavaBeans Components Architecture. Prentice-HaU, Englewood Cliffs (2002)... 

Cummins, F.A. Enterprise Integration An Architecture for Enterprise Application and Systems Integration. Wiley, Chichester (2002)... 

The important point to recognize here is that software systems such as repository systems are considered enterprise software. The implementation is not customizable to an individual s requirements or a department s needs. The architecture of the software is the vendor s impression of how a clinical pharmacology effort... 

All enterprises share many architectural features and characteristics. For our purposes here, we describe the three essential classes of generic enterprise processes and, by doing so, get the first part of a general answer to the process question posed above. As depicted in Figure 36.1, the three most important of these are the realization processes comprising the complete life cycles of three classes of entities strategy, agency, and solution. 

Demonstrable Traceability. Proposed pharmacometric enterprise capabilities and assets must constitute demonstrable solutions to the strategic, technical, and infrastructure requirements entailed by stakeholder aims. This in turn mandates an enterprise design, or architecture, that is provably traceable to the mission requirements. This enterprise architecture requires the identification of the needs and requirements stemming from mission definitions, synthesis of system element designs entailed by the needs and requirements, and an evaluation process based on measures of acceptability. 

Fig. 1. Two-tier architecture. In a two-tier architecture, the application logic is implemented in the application client, which directly connects to the Enterprise Information System (Database).

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