Antistatic additives amines, ethoxylated

Antistatic additives are designed to be present on the surface of the molded part to achieve the full antistatic benefit. The types of additives used to enhance antistatic properties include quaternary ammonium salts, alkyl sulfonates or phosphate plus alkali metals, ethoxylated amines, or gylcerol esters. Antistatics are typically used at higher levels than other additives such as antioxidants. Therefore, antistatics are likely to increase light scattering, making it more difficult to achieve the higher chroma colors. 

The most common way to alter the susceptibility of the plastic to static charge accumulation is to add to it some component that attracts and retains a thin layer of surface moisture, and at the same time weakly ionizes it. The ionized water provides the needed conductive path so that static charges will dissipate. The additive can be applied to a surface layer in the material, can be distributed through the bulk of the material, or can even be conhned in an inner layer of a coextruded material. Antistatic additives that are commonly used include ethoxylated amines, quaternary amines, and ethoxylated amides. 

BASF Specialty Products offers an extensive line of antistatic additives for a variety of applications. Through novel, patented chemistry, BASF has developed a complete line of internal as well as topical additives. These products include sulfate guats, amides, phosphate esters and ethoxylated amines. 

The addition of ethoxylated amine antistat lowered surface resistivity two orders of magnitude, to the range of 10 -10 ohm, a reasonable level to provide protection from spark discharge from friction. In areas where combustible dust is a hazard, shoe soles are instead semiconducting. 

Epoxidized oils (- epoxides) are used as plasticizers, stabilizers and antioxidants for some coatings. Other plasticizers are - fatty acid esters, stand oils (- drying oils) and - castor oil. - Fatty acid amides and - metallic soaps (Zn and Ca) are used as matting or flattening agent and as hydro-phobic additive. Fatty acid derivatives, such as - glyceryl monostearate, chlorides and ammonium salts, improve the electric conductivity while - fatty amine ethoxylates, fatty acid amides and ammonium sulfates function as antistatic additives. Lit UUmann (5.) A18,465... 

Synonyms 3-Decoxypropane-1-amine 3-(Decyloxy)-I-propanamine 3-Decyloxypropylamine 1-Propanamine, 3-(decyloxy)-Empirical C13H29NO Properties M.w. 215.37 cationic Uses Emulsifier corrosion inhibitor for metalworking fluids antistat flotation collector additive for fuel, lubricants, petrol, refining intermediate for surfactants, textile foamers, ethoxylates, agric. chems. crosslinking agent for epoxies Trade Name Synonyms PA-14 [Tomah http //www.tomahproducts. com]... 

Additives used in final products Antistatics carbon black, copper complex of polyacrylic add, ethoxylated amines, fatty diethanol amines, glycerol monostearate, graphite, ionomer, lauric diethanolamide, polyethylene glycol, quaternary ammonium compound, trineoalkoxy zirconate Antiblocking diatomaceous earth, natural silica, slloxane spheres, synthetic silica, talc, zeolite Blowing agents Release stearyl erucamide Slip erucamide, ethylene bisoleamide, oleamide Process aid Thermal stibullzers UV stabilizers ... 

Additives used in final products Plasticizers polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, partial fatty ester, glucose monoester, citrate, adipate and azelate esters, epoxidized soybean oil, acetylated coconut oil, linseed oil, acetyl tributyl citrate, glycerol triacetate, glycerol tripropionate Antistatics ethoxylated fatty amines, polyethylene glycol ester, quaternary ammonium salt Antiblocking diatomaceous earth, talc Slip erucamide ... 

Additives used in finai products Fillers aluminum oxide, calcium carbonate, clay, carbon black, ferrite, graphite, magnesium oxide, nanocellulose, sand, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconia Plasticizers benzyl butyl phthalate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, glycerin, monostea-ryl citrate, polyethylene and polypropylene glycols, triacetin Antistatics alkyl aryl sulfonate, cadmium sulfide, ethoxylated fatty acid amine, tetraammonium salt Antiblocking talc Release silane modified PVOH Slip PTFE beads Crosslinkers Defoamers ... 

ABS, cellulose acetate, and polycarbonate can also be modified by the addition of antistatic agents. Styrene based polymers are too readily compatible with some antistatic agents and care must be taken to ensure that the additive is chosen so that migration to the surface occurs at a sufficient rate. Glycerol derivatives and ethoxylated amines can be used. 

On the other hand, migration, and thus effectiveness of antistatic agents, can be lowered considerably by other additives such as carbon black or titanium dioxide, talcum, or wood flour. That may be explained by the fact that additives with large specific surfaces (e.g., fillers and pigments) absorb the antistatic agents and hinder their migration to the products surface. The most widely employed antistatic agents for TPO are ethoxylated fatty amines and fatty acid esters. 

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