Glycerol, derivative

Mixtures of glycerol with other substances are often named as if they were derivatives of glycerol eg, boroglycetides (also called glyceryl borates) are mixtures of boric acid and glycerol. Derivatives, such as acetals, ketals, chlorohydrins, and ethers, can be prepared but are not made commercially, with the exception of polyglycerols. 

The synthetic utihty of the above transformations stems from the fact that many monoesters obtained as a result of hydrolysis may be converted to pharmaceutically important intermediates. For example, the optically active glycerol derivative (27) is a key intermediate in the production of P-blockers. Akyl derivative (25) may be converted into (5)-paraconic acid [4694-66-0] ((5)-5-oxo-3-tetrahydrofurancarboxyhc acid) that is a starting material for the synthesis of (3R)-A-factor. The unsaturated chiral cycHc monoacetate (31) is an optically active synthon for prostaglandins, and the monoester (29) is used for the synthesis of platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists. 

Ammonium sulfate phosphatidyl glycerol derivatives charring on heating [198]... 

Surfactants are also prepared by the reaction of glycerol derivatives RC02 [CH2CH(0H)CH20] H (R = C6 16 alkyl, n = 1-5) with P4O10 at 60-80°C with subsequent neutralization of the resulting phosphate ester acids with aqueous alkali or alkanolamine solution at 50-70°C [10]. 

C-chiral racemic y-hydroxy sulfides were also resolved using PEL under kinetic resolution conditions. The products were transformed into optically active 3-(alkanesulfonyloxy)thiolane salts (Scheme 1). Similarly, 1,2-cyclic sulfite glycerol derivatives cis and trans) were resolved into enantiomers via a Pseudomonas cepacia-catalysed acylation with vinyl butyrate. The E values depended on the solvent used and varied from 2 to 26. ... 

A possible method for producing glycerol derivatives can be the reactive distillation in the presence of various oxide and mixed oxide catalysts, such as copper-chromite [3], In this reaction acetol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediols may be obtained. 

E. Wieczorek and J. Thiem, Preparation of modified glycosyl glycerol derivatives by glycal rearrangement, Carbohydr. Res., 307 (1998) 263-270. 

For the analysis of fatty acids amide-linked to GlcN(I), several chemical degradation procedures are available. One comprises periodate oxidation of 0-deacylated and 2H-reducedlipid A (lipid A-OH ). Following permethyl-ation, g.l.c.-m.s. analysis revealed a 2-deoxy-1 -deuterio-1,3-di-O-methyl-2-(iV-methyl-3-methoxyacylamido)glycerol derivative in which the amide-finked fatty acid at GlcN(I) was identified as 14 0(3-OH) in B. pertussis (93), and as 16 0(3-OH) and 18 0(3-OH) in R. trifolii 81). 

To compensate for any free glycerol present in the sample, the assay is performed both before and after the chosen hydrolysis step, the difference in results giving the glycerol derived from the acylglycerols. 

The present experimental approach is based on the chromatographic advantages provided by the diol or glycerol derivatives of porous silica stationary phases available for use in HPLC. These have recently become available for estimating the molecular size of polyelectrolytes using aqueous size exclusion chromatography. The conditions for reproducible polyelectrolyte size measurements, and their possible purturbations have been summarized by Barth (8). 

By phosphorylation of glycerol deriving from fat degradation (enzyme glycerol kinase 2.7.130). 

Miller also explored the ASD of glycerol derivatives through an enantioselective acylation process which relies on the use of a pentapeptide-catalyst which incorporates an A-terminal nucleophilic 3-(l-imidazolyl)-(5)-alanine residue [171], Most recently, Miller has probed in detail the role of dihedral angle restriction within a peptide-based catalyst for ferf-alcohol KR [172], site selective acylation of erythromycin A [173], and site selective catalysis of phenyl thionoformate transfer in polyols to allow regioselective Barton-McCombie deoxygenation [174],... 

Oriyama subsequently showed that this catalyst system was also effective for the KR of various classes of iec-alcohols, notably P-halohydrins [188] and also certain a-chiral primary alcohols such as glycerol derivatives [184], A solid-supported version of Oriyama s catalyst developed by Janda was found to which induce comparable levels of selectivity [185-187],... 

Figure 10. Preparation of chiral glycerol derivatives and D- and L-glycerol acetonide. a 1. Hj/Pd-C 2. methyl isopropenyl ether/pyridinium p-toluensulfonate 3. K2C03/Me0H...

Hydroxy and Amino Compounds, Explosives from. A number of commercially available amino alcohols have been condensed with 2,4-dichlorobenzene to give products which, when nitrated, are explosive. Products from the nitration of several glycerol derivs, guanidine derivs phenylbenzotriazole derivs were also studied. Prepn of the following compds their props are reported ... 

Toxicity. Dichlorohydrin has a narcotic 8c depressant action on the heart, circulation respiration. It is harmful when taken internally or when absorbed thru the skin Uses. According to Daniel (Ref 3), Dichlorohydrin was proposed at the end of the 19th century as a solv for NC used in commercial expls, since it is less volatile than some other solvs (such as ether-ale, acetone, ethyl or amyl acetate). Dichlorohydrin is used in the production of epichlorohydrin, as intermediates in the manuf of glycerol derivs, sulfqr-contg polymers textile finishing agents (Ref 5)... 

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