Adjuvant arthritis

Grandia, A.A., Devisser, H., Vanembden, J.D.A., Vanderzee, R., Vanderberg, W.B., Hazenberg, M.P. (1991). Natural antibodies to 65 kD mycobacterial heat shock protein in rats do not correlate with susceptibility for mycobacterium-tuberculosis induced adjuvant arthritis. Immunobiology 182, 127-134. 

Sergejeva S, Ivanov S, Lotvall J, Linden A Interleukin-17 as a recruitment and survival factor for airway macrophages in allergic airway inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2005 33 248-253. 96 Bush KA, Farmer KM, Walker JS, Kirkham BW Reduction of joint inflammation and bone erosion in rat adjuvant arthritis by treatment with interleukin-17 receptor IgGl Fc fusion protein. Arthritis Rheum 2002 46 802-805. 

Kong YY, Feige U, Sarosi I, et al. Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand. Nature 1999 402(6759) 304-309. 

Youssef S, Maor G, Wildbaum G, Grabie N, Gour-Lavie A, Karin N. C-C chemokine-encoding DNA vaccines enhance breakdown of tolerance to their gene products and treat ongoing adjuvant arthritis. J Clin Invest 2000 106(3) 361-371. 

Salomon I, Netzer N, Wildbaum G, Schif-Zuck S, Maor G, Karin N. Targeting the function of IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 suppresses ongoing adjuvant arthritis. J Immunol 2002 169(5) 2685-2693. 

Geetha T, Varalakshmi P. Anticomplement activity of triterpenes from Crataeva nur-vala stem bark in adjuvant arthritis in rats. Gen Pharmacol 1999 32 495-497. 

Genetically predisposed animals or induced animal models may also be used to study and predict chemical-induced autoimmunity. In induced models, a susceptible animal strain is immunized with a mixture of an adjuvant and an autoantigen isolated from the target organ. Examples are adjuvant arthritis (AA), experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental uveitis in the Lewis strain rat. Examples of spontaneous models... 

Isoflavonoid has been used as dietary biomarkers [103,104], It has been further established that isoflavonoids influence receptor expression [105] and induce immune changes [106,107], The individual variation in metabolism of isoflavones has also been extansively studied [108,109], It has been further demonstrated that flavonoids show antiinflammatory effects on adjuvant arthritis [110], and protect mice from two types of lethal shock caused by endotoxin [111],... 

Corvo ML, Boerman OC, Oyen WJ, et al. Intravenous administration of superoxide dismutase entrapped in long circulating liposomes. II. In vivo fate in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999 1419 325. 

Several other modifications have been explored for the targeted delivery of SOD. Chemical modification with hydrophilic monomethoxypolyethyleneglycol polymers (MPEG) resulted in a derivative with an increased molecular weight of 130 kDa, and hence a reduced renal elimination rate. The MPEG-SOD preparations reduced arthritic lesions in a complete adjuvant arthritis model in the rat, while native SOD did not show an anti-inflammatory effect [55]. 

Immuno-inflammatory response-The severity of adjuvant arthritis is reduced... 

Anti-arthritic effect. Oral administration of AJA, a cannabinoid acid devoid of psychoactivity, reduced joint tissue damage in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) and synovial fluid monocytes (SFM) were isolated from healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory arthritis, respectively, treated with AJA (0-30 mM) in vitro, and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Cells were harvested for messenger RNA (mRNA), and supernatants were collected for cytokine assay. Addition of AJA to PBM and SFM in vitro reduced both steady-state levels of interleukin-ly (IL-ly) mRNA and secretion of IL-ly in a concentration-dependent manner. Suppression was maximal (50.4%) at 10 mM AJA (p < 0.05 vs untreated controls, n = 7). AJA did not influence tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) gene expression in or secretion from PBM . 

Anionic polyelectrolytes have been shown to enhance resistance to bacteria and fungi, enhance immune response, inhibit adjuvent arthritis and either depress or stimulate phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system [458,459]. Carboxylic acid polymers have shown interferon induction, antiviral activity, and tumor growth inhibition [460]. The effects include inhibition of sarcoma, leukemia, polyoma and vesicular stomatitis virus. In one application, the cytotoxicity of bleomycin toward cultured mammalian cells was synergisti-cally enhanced by stirring in the presence of high molecular weight polyfacrylic acid) [461]. 

In order to block the effects of spinally released CGRP, an antiserum against CGRP was tested in several models of chronic pain and was found to be antinociceptive in models of chronic inflammatory pain such as adjuvant-arthritis (Kuraishi et al., 1988) or carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia (Kawamura et al., 1989). In addition this antiserum inhibited the repeated cold stress-induced hyperalgesia in rats (Satoh et al., 1992). 

MuntaneJ, Mitjavila MT Rodriquez MC, etal. Dietary lipid and iron status modulate lipid peroxidation in rats with induced adjuvant arthritis. J Nutr 1995 125(7) 1930-1937. 

The pharmacologic screening must be performed by a battery of tests, which will prove its efficacy by various methods (e.g., antiinflammatory). These tests are necessary to ascertain the activity of rat paw edema, adjuvant arthritis, granuloma pouch, ascitis, and others. 

Osterman T, Kippo K, Lauren L, Hannuniemi R, Sellman R. Effect of dodronate on established adjuvant arthritis. Rheumatol. Int., 1994, 14, 139-147. 

Anderson GD, Hauser SD, McGarity KL et al. (1996) Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 reverses inflammation and expression of COX-2 and interleukin 6 in rat adjuvant arthritis. J Clin Invest 97 2672-2679 Banoglu E, Okcelik Bkupeli E, Unlii S et al. (2003) Amide derivatives of [5-chloro-6-(2-chloro/fluorobenzoyl)-2-benzoxazohnone-3-yl]acetic adds as potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds. Arch Pharm Pharm Med Chem 336 251-257... 

I. Analgesic Activity Effect on Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats... 

Table 2 Analgesic activity of selected experimental agents at a treatment dosage of 3.2mg/kg effective as analgesics in the adjuvant arthritis tests using Lewis rats...

Bartlett RR, Schleyerbach R. Immunopharmacological profile of a novel isoxazol derivative, HWA 486, with potential antirheumatic activity—I. Disease modifying action on adjuvant arthritis of the rat. Int J Immunopharmacol 1985 7(1) 7-18. 

M and 1.1 x 10 M respectively. In addition WF 14861 inhibited mouse crude bone cathepsin with IC50 value of 4.0 x 10 M. The compound ameliorated the tissue damage and the bone destruction modes of low calcium diet fed mouse and adjuvant arthritis rat model. It lowered the plasma calcium concentration from 11.70 0.33 mg/dl to 9.88 0.57 mg/dl (84.0 4.87 %) when injected at the concentration of lOOmg/kg to low calcium diet fed mice [72]. 

Colpaert, F.C., Donnerer, J. and Lembeck, F. (1983). Effects of capsaicin on inflammation and on the substance P content of nervous tissues in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Life Sci. 32, 1827-1834. 

In models of chronic inflammation, for which the rat adjuvant arthritis assay is frequently used, these selective COX-2 inhibitors... 

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