Long-Circulating Liposome

Bandak S, Goren D, Horowitz A, Tzemach D, Gabizon A. Pharmacological studies of cisplatin encapsulated in long-circulating liposomes in mouse tumor models. Anti-Cancer Drugs 1999 10 911-920. 

Tokudome Y, Oku N, Doi K, Namba Y, Okada S. Antitumor activity of vincristine encapsulated in glucuronide-modified long-circulating liposomes in mice bearing Meth A sarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta 1996 1279 70. 

Riche EL, Erickson BW, Cho MJ. Novel long-circulating liposomes containing peptide library-lipid conjugates synthesis and in vivo behavior. J Drug Target 2004 12 355. 

Corvo ML, Boerman OC, Oyen WJ, et al. Intravenous administration of superoxide dismutase entrapped in long circulating liposomes. II. In vivo fate in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999 1419 325. 

Mezei, M. and Gulasekharam, V., Liposomes — a selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration lotion dosage form. Life ScL, 26, 1473-77, 1980. Fresta, M. and Pughsi, G., Survival rate improvement in a rat ischemia model by long circulating liposomes containing cytidine-51-diphosphate choline. Life ScL, 61, 1227-35, 1997. 

Woodle MC, Storm G (1997) (eds) Long circulating liposomes old drugs, new therapeutics. Springer Verlag Berlin... 

Kedar, E., H. Gnr, I. Babai, S. Samira, S. Even-Chen, and Y. Barenholz, Delivery of cytokines by liposomes hematopoietic and immunomodulatory activity of interleukin-2 encapsulated in conventional liposomes and in long-circulating liposomes. J Immunother, 2000. 23(1) 131—45. 

Schmidt, J., et al. 2003. Drug targeting by long-circulating liposomal glucocorticosteroids increases therapeutic efficacy in a model of multiple sclerosis. Brain 126 1895. 

Gabizon, A. A. Selective tumor localization and improved therapeutic index of anthra-cyclines encapsulated in long-circulating liposomes. Cancer Res. 52 891-896, 1992. 

Devoisselle JM, Begu S, Toume-Peteilh C, Desmettre T, Mordon S. In vivo behavior of long-circulating liposomes in blood vessels in hamster inflammation and septic shock models use of intravital fluorescence microscopy. Luminescence 2001, 16, 73-78. 

Long circulating liposomes can exploit the EPR effect to accumulate at sites where pathological reactions occur. For example, the commercial product Doxil (marketed as Caelyx in Europe) consists of smallsized PEGylated liposomes, encapsulating the cytostatic doxorubicin. The resulting long circulation times and small size of the vesicles facilitate their accumulation in tumor tissue via the EPR effect. 

DaunoXome liposomes are also long circulating liposomes, in this case encapsulating the cytostatic daunorubicin. Although a non-stealth system, long circulation times are attained by using a particularly rigid bilayer composition, in combination with a relatively small liposome size. 

Maeda, N., Takeuchi, Y., Takada, M., Sadzuka, Y., Namba, Y., and Oku, N. (2004), Anti-neovascular therapy by use of tumour neovasculature-targeted long-circulating liposome, J. Controlled Release, 100,41-52. 

Tsuchihashi, M. Harashima, H. Kiwada, H. Development of a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD)-simulation system for doxorubicin in long circulating liposomes in mice using peritoneal P388. J. Controlled Release. 1999, 61 (1-2), 9-19. 

Chemical composition Conventional liposomes (CL), pH sensitive liposomes, cationic liposomes, immunoliposomes and long circulating liposomes. The chemical composition of each liposome type gives particular characteristics to the final liposomal formulation that tnay be ideal for its systematic administration. 

Long-circulating liposomes are now investigated in details and widely used in biomedical in vitro and in vivo studies and have also found their way into clinical practice (6,44). Although these fivorable... 

Lukyanov AN, Elbayoumi TA, Chakilam AR, Torchilin VP (2004) Tumor-targeted liposomes Doxorubicin-loaded long-circulating liposomes modified with anti-cancer antibody. J Control Release 100 135-144... 

Liposomes are predominantly used as carriers for hydrophilic molecules that are encapsulated within the aqueous inner volume which is confined by the lipid bilayer. These molecules generally do not interact with the lipid moiety of the vesicle. Long circulating liposomes modified with poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and other formulations carrying encapsulated cytotoxic drugs such as doxoru-bicine, paclitaxel, vincristine, lurtotecan and others are clinically approved chemotherapeutic liposome formulations (1-5). 

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