Adhesives for furniture

Quick-setting collagen-based adhesives for furniture and cabinet assembly that would become permanently insolubilized against the effects of high humidity if not actual wetting after normal cold cure. 

As with blood, the adhesive qualities of casein curd from milk were recognized in relatively ancient times. Mixed with a simple alkali such as lime, casein protein became an important adhesive for furniture and paint pigments and the preferred sizing agent for the canvas of Renaissance paintings [6,55]. 

Phenol formaldehyde resins have the largest voliune use of any synthetic adhesive. The major market is for adhesives for exterior grade plywood. This is due to their low cost and good water resistance. Other applications are as contact adhesives for furniture and shoes, in foundry sand applications, and brake lining composites. 

TS/A Textile finishing, paper coating, adhesive for furniture, laminates, electrical accessories, foams. 

The largest market for elastomer-based adhesives is that of lamination (see Laminates). Modem office furniture having Formica as a surfacing material is made with an elastomer-based adhesive. Tile adhesives for ceramic or carpet tile are also elastomer-based and usually solvent appHed. Paper adhesives and shoe manufacture also use substantial quantities of mbber-based materials. Solvent-weld adhesives are used to join plastic plumbing and to repair vinyl sheeting. 

Amino resins are manufactured throughout the industrialized world to provide a wide variety of useful products. Adhesives (qv), representing the largest single market, are used to make plywood, chipboard, and sawdust board. Other types are used to make laminated wood beams, parquet flooring, and for furniture assembly (see Wood-BASED composites and laminates). 

By far the bulk of U-F resins are used as adhesives for the particle board, plywood and furniture industries. 

Standard specification for phenolic and aminoplastic adhesives for laminating and fingerjointing of timber, and for furniture and joinery. SABS 1349-1981, South African Bureau of Standards, 1981. 

Approximately one million metric tons of urea-formaldehyde resin are produced annually all over the world. More than 70% of this urea-formaldehyde resin is consumed by the forest products industry. The resin is used in the production of an adhesive for bonding particleboard (61% of the urea-formaldehyde used in the industry), medium-density fiberboard (27%), hardwood plywood (5%), and as a laminating adhesive (7%) for bonding furniture case goods, overlays to panels, and interior flush doors, for example. 

Elastomers Solutions of NR have been used for laminating textiles for over a century. The Macintosh raincoat, invented in 1825, consisted of two sheets of cotton adhered by an inner layer of natural rubber. SBR is used as an adhesive in carpet backing and packaging. Neoprene (polychloroprene) may be blended with a terpene or phenolic resin and used as a contact adhesive for shoes and furniture. 

The types of adhesives suitable for laminating beams are restricted by the conditions of application and by their end-use requirements. A wider choice of adhesives for plywood depends on whether softwoods or hardwoods are used, whether they are required for internal or external exposures, or whether they are to be used for ornamental or structural purposes. Thus phenol-formaldehyde types would be used for marine or exterior construction uses urea-formaldehyde types would be advantageous for cold pressing, or melamine-urea adhesives might be preferred for hardwood plywood, or lumber-core panels used in furniture production. 

Urac [Cytec]. TM forproducts based on urea-formaldehyde condensates used mainly as adhesives for the production of moisture-proof bonds in plywood manufacture, plywood assembly, and furniture manufacture. 

The single largest use for the phenol-formaldehyde resins is in adhesive applications for the production of plywood, chipboard, and particle board. The resin can comprise as much as one-third of the weight of the board, particularly of particle boards, which contributes to a total demand for phenolics in the U.S.A. of over half a million metric tonnes per year. They are also used as the matrix adhesives for the production of several types of grindstones. In combination with paper, woven cotton, glass fiber, etc., components, phenolics contribute to the production of engineering and decorative laminates in the form of rods, tubes, and sheets. The sheet products Arborite and Formica are familiar as the finished surfaces of furniture, bathroom, and kitchen counter tops and other areas where attractive patterns and water resistance are important characteristics. Molded products from phenolics are also important where heat or electrical resistance is required, such as saucepan and toaster handles, switches, and the printed circuit boards used in computers. Recent phenolics production in the U.S.A. has totaled over 500,000 metric tonnes per year, not including fillers [38]. 

Polyurethanes represent approximately 6% of global plastic consumption, and 50% of the entire PU consumption occurs in North America and Europe. Roughly 30 /o of PUs are used for furniture and mattresses, 15 /o for vehicles, and 13%i for construction. In all of these applications, PU foams are used. In fact, over 80 /o of polyurethane applications use foam materials. Other forms of PU available include solid blocks, fibers, paints, adhesives, and coatings. 

Actually, this suggestion serves to introduce the subjects of microwave and radio frequency radiation. RF radiation is being used to cure adhesives on laminates for furniture and for drying coatings, while microwave has been used to vulcanize rubber, convert plastics, and dry inks. 

Camk. [Camie-Canq>bdl] Aerosol and bulk adhesives for textile screen Hinting, pkg., floor covering, craistniction, arel mfg., maintenance, automotive, upholstery, and furniture tqrplics. 

DispercoII. [Bayer Miles] Polychloro-butadiene and polyurethane latexes for formulation of water-based contact cements, laminating and mastic adhesives for the automotive, construction, furniture, footwear, and iricg. industries. 

History Otto Bayer patented PUR adhesives and elastomers in 1937. Mass production of flexible foams for furniture and rigid foams in insulation took place in the 1960s. 

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