SPECIFICATIONS STANDARDS

T being the boiling temperature (Kelvin) and S being tbe standard specific gravity (15.6°C/15.6°C). Refer to Chapter 4. 

Group the component in a petroleum fraction, which is possible if the normal boiling temperature and the standard specific gravity are known. This method gives correct results when the chemical structure is simple as in the case of a paraffin or naphthene. 

The standard specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a hydrocarbon at 15.55°C (60°F) to that of water at the same temperature. It differs from the specific gravity d] which is the ratio of the density of a hydrocarbon at 15°C to that of water at 4°C. 

The standard specific gravity can be estimated from using the followinc relation ... 

It is common that a mixture of hydrocarbons whose boiling points are far enough apart petroleum cut) is characterized by a distillation curve and an average standard specific gravity. It is then necessary to calculate the standard specific gravity of each fraction composing the cut by using the relation below [4.8] ... 

Using the principle of corresponding states requires knowledge of pseudo-critical constants of petroleum fractions these should be estimated starting from characteristic properties which are the normal boiling temperature and the standard specific gravity. 

For petroleum fractions, the values should be calculated starting with the standard specific gravity accor( ing to the relation ... 

K y = Watson characterization factor 5 = standard specific gravity... 

Coefficients for converting an ASTM D 86 curve to an atmospheric flash curve[ and an application for a petroleum cut whose standard specific gravity isl 0.746. ... 

Calculation of the atmospheric TBP is rapid if it can be assumed that this distillation is ideal (which is not always the case in reality). It is only necessary to arrange the components in order of increasing boiling points and to accumulate the volumes determined by using the standard specific gravity. 

Within the same geographicai region, the crude specific gravity varies from one reservoir to another, in Saudi Arabia, for example, the crude from the Ghawar field has an average standard specific gravity on the order of 0.850 (34° API) while the specific gravity of the crude from the nearby Safaniyah field is 0.893 (27° API). 

Normal boiling point K Standard specific gravity Molecular weight kg/lunol Liquid viscosity at 100°F mm /s Liquid viscosity at 2iO F mm /s Critical temperature K Critical pressure bar... 

Standard Specification forEvaluation of Structural Eumber Composite Products, ASTM D5456-93, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., 1993. 

Bonded abrasive products are made as wheels, disks, cylinders, sticks, blocks, and segments, all of which are defined n.yiSyi-B74.2-1974, "USA Standard Specifications for Shapes and Sizes of Grinding Wheels." This bulletin is sponsored by the Grinding Wheel Institute it is obtainable from most wheel manufacturers. 

ASTM D4181 calls out standard specifications for acetal mol ding and extmsion materials. Homopolymer and copolymer are treated separately. Within each class of resin, materials are graded according to melt flow rate. The International Standards Organization (ISO) is expected to issue a specification for acetal resins before 1992. 

Explosives Sampling, Inspection and Testing, U.S. Mihtary Standard Specification 650, ARDEC, Dover, N.J., May 1973. 

In addition, the following ASTM Standard Specifications are for the Nb—lOHf—ITi—IZr alloy known commercially as C103 B652-92 Niobium—Hafnium AHoy Ingots B654-92 Niobium—Hafnium AHoy Foil, Sheet, Strip, and Plate B655-92 Niobium—Hafnium AHoy Bar, Rod, and Wine. 

De ndng. The lead from the desilverizing contains 0.5—0.6% zinc which must be removed to meet standard specifications. This may be accompHshed by vacuum distillation, or oxidation using caustic soda, ie, the Harris process. 

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