Thyroid adenocarcinoma

Vimentin is a 58-kD intermediate filament found predominantly in mesenchymal cells. However, vimentin is expressed in most spindle cell carcinomas and is reported by some to be expressed in a relatively high percentage of pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), a 38- to 40-kD transcription factor member of the NKx2 family of home-odomain transcription factors, is expressed in thyroid and pulmonary epithelial cells. 49 TTF-1 binds to and activates the promoters for Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant proteins A, B, and As reported... 

Adenocarcinoma, thyroid (note 100 anaplastic carcinomas of thyroid are less frequently positive) Carcinoma, small cell, vaginal 34... 

Hagiwara M, Hachiya T, Watanabe M, Usuda N, lida F, Tamai K, Hidaka H (1990) Assessment of protein kinase C isoenzymes by immunoassay and overexpression of type II in thyroid adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 50 5515-5519 H nel R, Gschwendt M (1995) The interaction between protein kinase C (PKC) and estrogens. Int J Oncol 7 11-16... 

Doxorubicin is one of the most effective agents used in the treatment of carcinomas of the breast, ovary, endometrium, bladder, and thyroid and in oat cell cancer of the lung. It is included in several combination regimens for diffuse lymphomas and Hodgkin s disease. Doxorubicin can be used as an alternative to daunorubicin in acute leukemias and is useful in Ewing s sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, soft-tissue sarcomas, and neuroblastoma. Some activity has been reported in non-oat cell lung cancer, multiple myeloma, and adenocarcinomas of the stomach, prostate, and testis. 

Maxon HR, Thomas SR, Chen IW. The role of nuclear medicine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and well-differentiated thyroid adenocarcinoma. Clin Nucl Med 1981 6( 1 OS) P87-98. 

Abnormal tissues The antibody labeled 17/20 sarcomas, 16/18 melanomas, 4/4 meningeomas, and 3/3 schwannomas, and was the sole intermediate filament present in these tumours. In addition, variable percentages (10 to 57 percent) of carcinomas, neuroendocrine carcinomas, neuroblastomas, thymomas and mesotheliomas were positive with the antibody. With the exception of the neuroblastomas, cytokeratin was coexpressed with vimentin in these tumours. Among adenocarcinomas, more than 50 percent of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid as well as renal, endometrial, ovarian and lung carcinomas were labeled by the antibody and coexpressed keratins and vimentin. 

Carcinogenic response was observed after exposure to nitrobenzene in rats and mice mammary adenocarcinomas were observed in female B6C3Ei mice, liver carcinomas in male Fischer-344 rats and thyroid follicular cell adenocarcinomas in male Fischer-344 rats. Benign tumors were observed in five organs. 

MNNG Larvae, 0.5-1 mg/1 Branchioblastoma, thyroid adenoma, adenocarcinoma, fibrosarcoma 37... 

Adenoma Any benign tumor of glandular origin typically found in the adrenal, pituitary, and thyroid glands (note once an adenoma has progressed to malignancy, it is referred to as an adenocarcinoma). 

Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), a nuclear tissue-specific protein transcription factor, is found in thyroid and thyroid tumors regardless of histologic type (except anaplastic type), as well as in lung carcinomas including adenocarcinomas (75%), non-small cell carcinomas (63%), neuroendocrine and small cell carcinomas (>90%), and squamous cell carcinomas (10%).258-258 Selectively expressed during embryogenesis in the thyroid, the diencephalon of the brain, and in respiratory epithelium, TTF-1 binds to and activates factors for surfactant protein derived from Clara cells.255 TTF-1 is rarely seen in carcinomas outside of the lung or thyroid... 

FIGURE 8.13 Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) antibody identifies 60% to 70% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas (A, B) and 95% of pulmonary small cell carcinomas (C, D). 

Goldstein NS, Thomas M. Mucinous and nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas have distinct staining patterns with thyroid transcription factor and cytokeratin 20 antibodies. Am Clin Pathol. 2001 116 319-325. 

Khoor A, Whitsett JA, Stahlman MT, et al. Utility of surfactant protein B precursor and thyroid transcription factor 1 in differentiating adenocarcinoma of the lung from malignant mesothelioma. Hum Pathol. 1999 30 695-700. 

Afify AM, al-Khafaji BM. Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factor-1 expression in adenocarcinomas presenting in serous fluids. Acta Cytol. 2002 46 675-678. 

Wieezorek TJ, Pinkus JL, Glickman JN, Pinkus GS. Gompari-son of thyroid transcription factor-1 and hepatocyte antigen immunohistochemical analysis in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and adrenal cortical carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002 118 911-921. 

Siami K, McCluggage WG, Ordonez NG, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 expression in endometrial and endocervical adenocarcinomas. Am Surg Pathol. 2007 31 1759-1763. 

Ordonez NG. Thyroid transcription factor I is a marker of lung and thyroid carcinomas. Adv Anat Pathol. 2000 7 123-127. Kaufmann O, Dietel M. Thyroid transcription factor-I is the superior immunohistochemical marker for pulmonary adenocarcinomas and large cell carcinomas compared to surfactant proteins A and B. Histopathology. 2000 36 8-16. 

TTF-1. Also, 11% of lung adenocarcinomas detected by Nap-A were missed by TTF-1 staining. The authors concluded that Napsin A was a valuable marker for detecting lung adenocarcinomas versus other adenocarcinomas such as those from the breast, colon, biliary tract, pancreas, urinary bladder, and ovary. It was less useful in distinguishing primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas from thyroid carcinomas and renal carcinomas. 

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